Physical & Chemical Properties
Colette removed a sample of tin from a reagent container and measured its melting point. However, when she compared her measurement to the known melting point of tin, she realized that it was lower than the actual value. What is the best explanation for this discrepancy?
The tin contained impurities.
If an object has a mass of 2 g and a volume of 10 cm3, what is its density?
0.2 g/cm3
If an object has a mass of 3 g and a volume of 7 cm3,what is its density?
0.4 g/cm3
The data below was taken from an MSDS for the metal cobalt. Which of the following is a chemical property of cobalt?
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass
Ramone is given two balloons that are the same color and size. One balloon is filled with hydrogen gas. The other balloon is filled with helium gas. How could he determine which balloon is filled with which gas?
He could test the flammability of the gases.
The Hindenburg was a German passenger airship built in 1936. It used hydrogen gas as a lifting fuel, since hydrogen gas is extremely light, and it could be easily produced at that time. What chemical property made the use of hydrogen gas a dangerous choice?
Hydrogen gas is flammable.
Which of the following is true of all the elements in group 2 on the periodic table?
I, II, III, and IV
A magnet is attracted to an object. Based on this observation, which of the following is probably true about the object?
It contains iron metal.
The picture below shows the decomposition of water.Which of the following statements is true of this process?
It is a chemical change because chemical bonds were broken and formed, and the atoms were rearranged.
A conductor is a material through which electrons can flow freely. An insulator is a material that resists the flow of electrons. Which of the following is an example of a good insulator?
Rubber
Dissolving salt in water is a physical change. Which of the following best supports this statement?
The salt can be separated from the water by evaporating the water.
The old-fashioned pot shown below is made out of silver. The dull grayish or black layer that forms over the silver is known as tarnish, and it results when the silver reacts with sulfur or oxygen in the air. The ability of silver to corrode or tarnish is an example of
a chemical property.
Which of the following materials has the highest ductility?
a piece of copper
Density is defined as the amount of matter, or mass, per unit volume. According to this definition, which of the following generally has the greatest density?
a solid
A chef has decided that she will only cook in a way that does not alter the chemical make-up of food. Following these guidelines, which of the following foods can she prepare?
milkshakes
Differences in particle size could be most easily used to separate a mixture of
sand and gravel.
Which of the following processes involves only physical change?
sublimation
Physical properties are
those properties which can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.
The filaments inside a 100 watt light bulb can reach temperatures of over 2200°C. If you were a light bulb manufacturer, which of the following substances should you use to make light bulb filaments?
tungsten
Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?
combustibility
The picture below shows a piece of paper being cut in half with scissors.Which of the following statements is true of this process?
It is a physical change because the substance remained the same.
Solid gold can be melted and molded into jewelry such as rings, necklaces, and bracelets. When solid gold is melted, it undergoes
a physical change.
A physical change is best defined as
a process that does not change the chemical composition of a substance.
Chemical properties describe
a substance's potential to change into new substances.
<--RSQ1-->Crude oil is composed of a mixture of hydrocarbons, and each hydrocarbon has a unique boiling point. These hydrocarbons and their boiling points are shown in the diagram.A barrel of crude oil was placed so that it was attached to a distillation tower. If the barrel were heated to a temperature of 250°C, it would still contain
heating oil, lubricating oil, residue, and asphalt.
Gold can be shaped into thin, fancy necklaces because it has
high ductility.
Which of the following substances most likely has the lowest melting point?
iodine
The list of solvents present in a lab is given below. A student finds an unlabeled solvent bottle. 25.00 cm3 of the solvent has a mass of 19.625 g at 20°C. The solvent should be:
isopropyl alcohol
Which of the following summertime activities consists solely of physical change?
making a sandcastle out of water and sand
Professor Davidson is studying volcanic activity and needs to design a container that can hold hot magma (at a temperature of 1300°C) without melting. Use the table below to determine which materials may be used to construct this container.
nickel and titanium only
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a chemical that is used as a disinfectant. It is often sold in brown, opaque bottles because it breaks down into water and hydrogen gas when exposed to light.What chemical property does this reaction exemplify?
the ability to decompose
The density of pure lead is 11.34 g/cm3. If a 5.3 g lead pellet is added to a graduated cylinder containing 15 mL of water, the new level of the water will be:
15.47 mL
Which of the following is an example of a physical property?
phase of matter
The ability of iron and other metals to rust is an example of a(n)
chemical property.
Which of the following substances most likely has the highest melting
copper
A science class is studying samples of aluminum, nickel, and zinc. They were given the following table.Which property could most easily be used by the class to identify the sample of Ni?
density
If a scientist wants to isolate a particular type of cell, he can design a gradient of two different concentrations of solutions so that the cells are isolated in the middle of the two solutions when centrifuged (i.e. spun at high speed). Which physical property of matter is used to isolate the cells?
density
What physical property could be used to easily separate a mixture of oil and water into pure oil and pure water?
density
A conductor is a material through which electrons can flow freely. An insulator is a material that resists the flow of electrons.Which of the following is an example of a good conductor?
gold
Observe the picture given below to answer the question.The order of densities of the liquids and solids in the cylinder is:
green liquid > brown solid > blue liquid > red solid > yellow liquid.
Physical changes in states of water are most often caused by _______.
heat
<--RSQ1-->Crude oil is composed of a mixture of hydrocarbons, and each hydrocarbon has a unique boiling point. These hydrocarbons and their boiling points are shown in the diagram.
heating oil, lubricating oil, residue, and asphalt.
Liquid nitrogen is a very cold fluid form of nitrogen that is capable of freezing objects in very short periods of time. In fact, if a ping pong ball is placed in liquid nitrogen for a few minutes and then dropped on the floor, it shatters like glass.What type of changes does the ball experience when it is frozen in the liquid nitrogen and then dropped on the floor?
physical changes only
One day, while walking to school, you find a silvery-gray nugget of metal. You take the piece of metal to science class and measure its mass and volume. If the mass of the metal nugget is 20.3 g and the volume of the nugget is 2.6 cm3, what type of metal have you found? (Use the table below for help in its identification.)
steel
Jewelry is often made from metals, such as silver or gold.Which of the following properties is possessed by gold but not possessed by silver?
the ability to not react with oxygen in the air
When acid rain falls on buildings, gravestones, or outdoor statues made from marble or limestone, it can cause them to deteriorate over time.What chemical property does this exemplify?
the ability to react with acids
A bottle is filled up to its brim with a liquid. The bottle is then tightly corked and placed in a freezer. As the liquid freezes, the bottle cracks. The liquid could be:
water.
