Physical Science 1116 self test

v. potential

energy of position

wedge

fifth simple machine

y. newton

1 kg.m/sec2

Velocity

______________________ is the rate at which an object covers a distance in a particular direction.

Speed

______________________ is the rate at which an object covers distance.

Friction, gravity, resistance

___________________________, the force of _______________________, and air _________________________ are the three external forces that act upon moving objects on Earth.

x. dyne

1 g.cm/sec2

first-class

A ________________________ lever changes direction or gains force or speed.

second-class, third-class

A _______________________________ lever gains force and a __________________________________ lever gains speed.

f. inertia

resistance to change in motion

pulley

second simple machine

screw

sixth simple machine

l. v= d/t

speed

i. oc

symbol for proportionality

e. G

symbol for universal gravitational constant

axle and wheel

third simple machine

h. T= Fd

torque

m. kilogram

unit for mass

u. watt

unit for power

b. newton, dyne

unites for weight or force

w. friction

wastes much useful energy in transformations

m. w= Mg

weight

e. W= Fd

work

checkmark

A body remains at rest or moves with constant velocity in a straight line unless an outside force acts upon it.

constant

A proportionality ______________________ is an unchanging mathematical quantity.

speed, direction

Acceleration may be either a change in _________________ or in ____________________.

no checkmark

Any two objects attract each other with a force direct proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

no checkmark

Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but only changed from one form to another.

39

Exercise number ______________ is the law of universal gravitation.

36

Exercise number _______________ is the law of conservation of energy.

34

Exercise number _______________ is the law of conservation of momentum.

checkmark

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

weak

Gravity is an incredibly ____________________ force.

resistance, effort

Moving a greater ______________________ with a smaller _____________________________ is the purpose o most machines.

checkmark

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied and inversely proportional to the mass.

mass, velocity

The motion of an object is affected by its _____________________ and ______________________.

no checkmark

The total momentum of two objects before a collision equals the total momentum after the collision.

kinetic

The two factors which determine the ________________________ energy of an object are its mass and its velocity.

potential

The two factors which determine the ________________________ energy of an object are its weight and its distance above the ground.

distance

Work is accomplished any time a force moves matter a measurable ______________________.

Acceleration

_____________________ is a change in velocity in a given period of time.

q. energy

ability to do work

d. a= v/t

acceleration

no checkmark

an object with more mass has more inertia than a body with less mass.

g. motion

change in location or position

s. Pt=Pt'

conservation of momentum

p. d= 1/2 gt2

distance an object falls during a certain period of time

o. DE

distance between effort and fulcrum

s. DR

distance between load and fulcrum

n. pitch

distance between threads of a screw

z. kinetic

energy of motion

r. effort x DE = load x DR

equilibrium state of a lever

lever

first simple machine

b. F= Ma

force

i. F= MG

force of falling object

h. weight

force of gravitational pull on an object

c. torque

force producing rational movement

j. centripetal

force that causes objects to follow a curved path

l. centrifugal

force that causes objects to follow a straight-line path

k. momentum

force that maintains motion

inclined plane

fourth simple machine

k. KE= 1/2 Mv2

kinetic energy

f. MA= R/E

mechanical advantage

t. MA= DE/DR

mechanical advantage of a lever

o. MA= R/r

mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle

j. MA= slant-length/height

mechanical advantage of an inclined plane

q. P= Mv

momentum

a. angular

momentum in a curved or circular path

r. fulcrum

pivot around which a lever rotates

c. PE= wh

potential energy

n. P= W/t

power

t. power

rate at which work is done

d. 9.81 m/sec2

rate of acceleration due to gravity

aa. load

resistance

p. joule, erg

units for work

a. F= GM1M2/d2

universal gravitation

l. v- d/t

velocity

g. Vf=gt

velocity of a falling object just before impact