PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts, work involves the distance that a force acts. time and distance that a force acts. acceleration that a force produces.

distance that a force acts.

In bungee jumping, the change in a jumper's kinetic energy equals the average force of the bungee cord multiplied by the stretching time. distance. both of these none of these

distance.

An object is propelled along a straight-line path by a force. If the net force were doubled, its acceleration would quadruple. double. stay the same. halve. none of these

double.

The force required to maintain an object at a constant velocity in free space is equal to zero. the mass of the object. the weight of the object. the force required to stop it. none of these

zero.

A skydiver of mass 100 kg experiences air resistance of 500 N, and an acceleration of about 0.2g. 0.3g. 0.4g. 0.5g. more than 0.5g.

0.5g.

A 2500-N pile driver ram falls 10 m and drives a post 0.1 m into the ground. The average impact force on the ram is 2500 N. 25,000 N. 250,000 N. 2,500,000 N.

250,000 N.

A girl pulls on a 10-kg wagon with a constant force of 30 N. What is the wagon's acceleration in meters per second per second? 0.3 3.0 10 30 300

3.0

A 5.0-kg blob of clay moving at 2.0 m/s slams into a 4.0-kg blob of clay at rest. The speed of the two blobs stuck together after colliding is about 1.1 m/s. 1.5 m/s. 2.5 m/s. none of these

1.1 m/s.

A 5-kg fish swimming at a speed of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish swimming toward it at 4 m/s. The speed of the larger fish after lunch is 1/2 m/s. 1/5 m/s. 1/6 m/s. 2/3 m/s. 3/2 m/s.

1/6 m/s.

A 1-kg ball is thrown at 10 m/s straight upward. Neglecting air resistance, the net force that acts on the ball when it is half way to the top of its path is about 1/2 N. 1 N. 5 N. 7.5 N. 10 N.

10 N.

Disregarding air drag, how fast must you toss a ball straight upward in order to remain in the air for a total time of 2 s? 5 m/s 7.5 m/s 10 m/s 15 m/s 20 m/s

10 m/s

If you drop a boulder from a tall cliff, as it falls it will gain A. 10 m/s of speed each second. B.more and more speed each second. C.equal amount of falling distance each second. D. All of the above.

A. 10 m/s of speed each second.

When standing in the aisle of a smoothly riding bus, you drop a coin from above your head. The falling coin will land A. at your feet. B.slightly in front of your feet. C.slightly in back of your feet. D. at a location not listed above.

A. at your feet.

Seat belts and air bags in a car are mostly linked to the effects of Newton's A. first law. B.second law. C.third law. D. law of gravity.

A. first law.

A heavy parachutist has a greater terminal speed compared with a light parachutist with the same size chute, because the heavier person A. has to fall faster for air resistance to match his weight. B.is more greatly attracted by gravity to the ground below. C.has a greater air resistance. D. has none of the above.

A. has to fall faster for air resistance to match his weight.

Constant speed in a constant direction is A.constant velocity. B.acceleration. C.Both of the above. D. Neither of the above.

A.constant velocity.

A ball initially at rest rolls along a pair of equal-length tracks A and B. It will roll faster when A.in the dip of track B. B.at the end of track B. C.either in the dip or at the end of track B. D. at the end of track A.

A.in the dip of track B.

The amount of air resistance on a 0.8-N flying squirrel for terminal speed is A. less than 0.8 N. B.0.8 N. C.more than 0.8 N. D. Depends on the orientation of its body.

B.0.8 N.

A karate chop delivers a blow of 3500 N to a board that breaks. The force that acts on the hand during this event is A. less than 3500 N. B.3500 N. C.greater than 3500 N. D. None of the above.

B.3500 N.

If a motor vehicle increases its speed by 4 km/h each second, its acceleration is A. 4 km/h. B.4 km/h per second. C.4 m/s per second. D. 4 m/s.

B.4 km/h per second.

A pair of parallel forces of 8 N and 12 N can have a resultant of A.4 N. B.20 N. C.Both of the above. D. Neither of the above.

B.Both of the above.

The equilibrium rule, SF = 0, applies to A.objects or systems at rest. B.objects or systems in uniform motion in a straight line. C.Both of the above. D. None of the above.

B.Both of the above.

The concept of inertia is attributed to A.Galileo. B.Newton. C.Both. D. Neither.

B.Both.

When you toss a rock straight upward, which is no longer present at the top of its path? A. Mass. B.Speed. C.Acceleration. D. All of the above.

B.Speed.

If gravity between the Sun and Earth suddenly vanished, Earth would move in A.a curved path. B.a straight-line path. C.an outward spiral path. D. an inward spiral path.

B.a straight-line path.

When a car rounds a curve, it is A.moving uniformly. B.accelerating. C.in rotational equilibrium. D. changing its speed.

B.accelerating.

When you stand on two bathroom scales, with more weight on one scale than on the other, the readings on both scales will A.cancel to zero. B.add to equal your weight. C.add to be somewhat less than your weight. D. add to be somewhat more than your weight.

B.add to equal your weight.

Consider a cart with a ball resting in its middle. When you quickly jerk the cart forward, the A. front of the cart hits the ball. B.back of the cart hits the ball. C.ball remains in the middle as the cart moves forward. D. above can all occur depending on how quickly the cart is pulled.

B.back of the cart hits the ball.

The difference between speed and velocity mostly involves A.amount. B.direction. C.acceleration. D. All of the above.

B.direction.

Distance traveled is equal to average speed multiplied by A. distance. B.time. C.acceleration. D.instantaneous speed

B.time.

A 100-kg vehicle accelerates at 1 m/s2 when the net force on it is A. 1 N. B.10 N. C.100 N. D. 1000 N.

C.100 N.

After being dropped from the top of a high building, a free-falling object has a speed of 30 m/s at one instant. Exactly 1 second earlier, its speed was A. the same. B.10 m/s. C.20 m/s. D. 40 m/s.

C.20 m/s.

When a ball rolling down an inclined plane gains 4 m/s each second, the acceleration of the ball is A.0. B.4 m/s. C.4 m/s2. D. None of the above.

C.4 m/s2.

Earth pulls on the Moon. Similarly, the Moon pulls on Earth, evidence that A. Earth and Moon are pulling on each other. B.Earth's and Moon's pulls comprise an action-reaction pair of forces. C.Both of the above occur. D. None of the above occur.

C.Both of the above occur.

A car pulling a trailer accelerates when the gas pedal is pushed to the floor. If the trailer becomes disconnected, the acceleration of the car will A. decrease. B.increase. C.remain the same. D. None of the above.

C.remain the same.

When a 10-kg block is simultaneously pushed eastward with 20 N and westward with 15 N, the net force on the block is A. 35 N west. B.35 N east. C.5 N west. D. 5 N east.

D. 5 N east.

The force of friction between materials sliding against each other depends on A.the kind of materials. B.the roughness of the materials. C.the force with which they are pressed together. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

A cart is pushed and undergoes a certain acceleration. Consider how the acceleration would compare if it were pushed with twice the net force while its mass increased by four. Then its acceleration would be A. one quarter. B.the same. C.twice. D. None of the above.

D. None of the above.

A body undergoes acceleration whenever there is a change in its A.speed. B.velocity. C.direction. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

When the mass of an object is compared to its volume, the concept is A. mass. B.weight. C.volume. D. density.

D.density.

An archer shoots an arrow. Consider the action force to be the bowstring against the arrow. The reaction to this force is the weight of the arrow. air resistance against the bow. friction of the ground against the archer's feet. grip of the archer's hand on the bow. arrow's push against the bowstring.

arrow's push against the bowstring.

Which has the greater mass? king-size pillow both about the same automobile battery

automobile battery

The power expended with a barbell is raised 2.0 m in 2 s is 1 W. 4 W. 8 W. dependent on the mass of the barbell

dependent on the mass of the barbell

If the speed of a moving object doubles, then what else doubles? momentum kinetic energy acceleration all of these none of these

momentum

A golf ball is thrown at and bounces backward from a massive bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the collision, compared to the golf ball, the bowling ball has more momentum, but less kinetic energy. kinetic energy, but less momentum. momentum and more kinetic energy. but it has less momentum and less kinetic energy. Not enough information is given to say.

momentum, but less kinetic energy.

Two objects, A and B, have the same size and shape, but A is twice as heavy as B. When they are dropped simultaneously from a tower, they reach the ground at the same time, but A has greater speed. acceleration. momentum. all of these none of these

momentum.

An object weighs 30 N on Earth. A second object weighs 30 N on the Moon. Which has the greater mass? the one on the Moon not enough information to say They have the same mass. the one on Earth

the one on the Moon

An apple falls from a tree and hits the ground 5 m below. It hits the ground with a speed of about 5 m/s. 10 m/s. 15 m/s. 20 m/s. not enough information given to estimate

10 m/s.

If a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer, its speed reading would increase each second by about 15 m/s. 10 m/s. a variable amount depends on its initial speed 5 m/s.

10 m/s.

If you drop an object, it will accelerate downward at a rate of about 10 m/s/s. If you instead throw it downwards, its acceleration (in the absence of air resistance) will be less than 10 m/s/s. 10 m/s/s. greater than 10 m/s/s.

10 m/s/s.

A car moving at 50 km/h skids 20 m with locked brakes. How far will the car skid with locked brakes if it is traveling at 150 km/h? 20 m 60 m 90 m 120 m 180 m

180 m

A piece of rope is pulled by two people in a tug-of-war. Each pulls with 400 N of force. What is the tension in the rope? 0 N 400 N 600 N 800 N none of these

400 N

A man weighing 800 N stands at rest on two bathroom scales so that his weight is distributed evenly over both scales. The reading on each scale is 200 N. none of these 1600 N. 400 N. 800 N.

400 N.

Using 1000 J of work, a toy elevator is raised from the ground floor to the second floor in 20 s. How much power does the elevator use? 20 W 50 W 100 W 1000 W 20,000 W

50 W

A falling object that reaches terminal velocity continues to have A. speed. B.a nonzero net force. C.acceleration. D. All of the above.

A. speed.

Whereas Aristotle relied on logic in explaining nature, Galileo relied on experiment. mathematics. logic also. patterns.

experiment.

Whenever the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration may be zero. is zero.

is zero.

Which has greater kinetic energy, a car traveling at 30 km/h or a car of half the mass traveling at 60 km/h? the 30-km/h car the 60-km/h car Both have the same kinetic energy.

the 60-km/h car

Galileo's interpretation of motion differed from Aristotle's in that Galileo emphasized none of these the acceleration of free-fall. the role of distance in describing motion. all of these time rates.

time rates.

A hockey puck is set in motion across a frozen pond. If ice friction and air resistance are neglected, the force required to keep the puck sliding at constant velocity is 0 N. equal to the weight of the puck. the weight of the puck divided by the mass of the puck. the mass of the puck multiplied by 10 m/s/s. none of these

0 N.

A pair of 3-N and 4-N forces CANNOT have a resultant of A.0 N. B.1 N. C.7 N. D. But it can have any of the above.

0 N.

A ball is thrown 125 m upward and then falls the same distance back to the Earth. Neglecting air resistance, its total time in the air is about 5 s. 10 s. 15 s. more than 20 s.

10 s.

A 10-N block and a 1-N block lie on a horizontal friction-less table. To push them with equal acceleration, we would have to push with equal forces on each block. 10 times as much force on the heavier block. 10 squared or 100 times as much force on the heavier block. one-tenth as much force on the heavier block. none of these

10 times as much force on the heavier block.

A push on a 1-kg brick accelerates the brick. Neglecting friction, to equally accelerate a 10-kg brick, one would have to push with just as much force. 10 times as much force. 100 times as much force. one-tenth the amount of force. none of these

10 times as much force.

A toy cart moves with a kinetic energy of 40 J. If it moves with twice the speed, its kinetic energy will be 40 J. 80 J. 160 J. unknown unless we know the mass of the cart.

160 J.

The average momentum of a 70-kg runner who covers 400 m in 50 s is 8.75 kgm/s. 57 kgm/s. 560 kgm/s. 5490 kgm/s.

560 kgm/s.

A car accelerates from rest at 2 m/s/s. What is its speed 3 s after the car starts moving? 2 m/s 3 m/s 4 m/s 6 m/s none of these

6 m/s

The longest that anyone in your school can be in the air when jumping straight upward, landing at the same place, is A.less than 1 second. B.about 1 second. C.about 2 seconds. D. more than 2 seconds.

A. less than 1 second.

Toss a ball straight upward, and each second on the way to the top it A.loses 10 m/s in speed. B.accelerates upward. C.Both of the above. D. Neither of the above.

A. loses 10 m/s in speed.

The net force on any object in equilibrium is A. zero. B.10 meters per second squared. C.equal to its weight. D. None of the above.

A. zero.

When a 10-kg block is simultaneously pushed eastward with 20 N and westward with 15 N, the acceleration of the block is A.0.5 m/s2 east. B.0.5 m/s2 west. C.0.5 m/s2 east-west. D. None of the above.

A.0.5 m/s2 east.

A ball rolls along equal-length tracks A and B. Due to increased speed in the dip, it will have an overall greater average speed on track A.A. B.B. C.Both the same. D. Neither of the above.

A.A.

A hungry bee looking directly ahead sees a flower in a5-m/s breeze. When it gets to the flower, how fast and in what direction should it fly in order to hover above the flower? A.The bee should fly 5 m/s into the breeze. B.The bee should fly 5 m/s away from the breeze. C.The bee will not be able to fly in a 5-m/s breeze. D. The bee will not be able to reach the flower.

A.The bee should fly 5 m/s into the breeze.

When a 10-kg falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance, its acceleration is A.less than g. B. g. C. more than g. D.unknown—there is not enough information.

A.less than g.

A ball rolls along equal-length tracks A and B. It will reach the end of track B A.sooner than along track A. B.at the same time as along track A. C.later than along track A. D. None of these make sense.

A.sooner than along track A.

The force due to gravity on a body is the body's A.mass. B.weight. C.density. D.All of the above.

A.weight.

When a bird flies at 8 km/h in an 8-km/h headwind (moving against the wind), the speed of the bird relative to the ground is A.zero. B.8 km/h. C.16 km/h. D. more than 16 km/h.

A.zero.

When a ball is tossed straight upward, the direction of its acceleration is A.upward also. B.downward, toward Earth's center. C.actually horizontal. D. at some sort of a strange angle.

B.downward, toward Earth's center.

When an airplane flies horizontally at constant speed in a straight line, the air drag on the plane is A.less than the amount of thrust. B.equal to the amount of thrust. C.more than the amount of thrust. D. None of the above.

B.equal to the amount of thrust.

When Nellie Newton hangs by a pair of vertical ropes, the tension in each rope will be A.less than half her weight. B.half her weight. C.more than half her weight. D. equal to her weight.

B.half her weight.

The kind of speed you read on a speedometer is A.average speed. B.instantaneous speed. C.changing speed. D. constant speed.

B.instantaneous speed.

The mass of 1 kilogram of iron A.is less on the Moon. B.is the same on the Moon. C.is greater on the Moon. D. weighs the same everywhere.

B.is the same on the Moon.

When we say that 1 kilogram weighs 10 N, we mean that A. 1 kg is 10 N. B.it's true at Earth's surface. C.it's true everywhere. D. mass and weight are one and the same.

B.it's true at Earth's surface.

When an airplane flying horizontally in a straight line gains speed, the thrust on the plane is A.less than the amount of air drag. B.equal to the amount of air drag. C.more than the amount of air drag. D. None of the above.

B.more than the amount of air drag.

The connection between mass, acceleration, and force is embodied in Newton's A. first law. B.second law. C.third law. D. law of gravity.

B.second law.

A soccer ball is kicked to a 30-m/s speed. While being kicked, the amount of force of the player's foot on the ball is A. less than the amount of force on the foot. B.the same as the amount of force on the foot. C.more than the amount of force on the foot. D. None of the above.

B.the same as the amount of force on the foot.

A math book and a physics book are tied together with a length of string. With the string taut, one book is pushed off the edge of a table. As it falls, the other book is dragged horizontally across the table surface. With no friction, acceleration of the books is zero. g/2. g. a value between zero and g. a value that could be greater than g.

a value between zero and g.

An object in mechanical equilibrium is an object all of these moving with constant velocity. having no acceleration. at rest.

all of these

The amount of friction that occurs when two material surfaces slide against each other depends on both of these how much they are pressed together. none of these the "stickiness" of atoms on their surfaces.

both of these

A cannon recoils from firing a cannonball. The speed of the cannon's recoil is small because the force against the cannon is smaller than against the ball. momentum is mainly concentrated in the ball. cannon has more mass than the ball. momentum of the cannon is smaller.

cannon has more mass than the ball.

Two objects of the same size, but unequal weights are dropped from a tall tower. Taking air resistance into consideration, the object to hit the ground first will be the lighter object. heavier object. both hit at the same time. not enough information

heavier object.

A bullet is fired from a gun. The speed of the bullet will be about the same as the speed of the recoiling gun because momentum is conserved. because velocity is conserved. because both velocity and momentum are conserved. if the mass of the bullet equals the mass of the gun. none of these

if the mass of the bullet equals the mass of the gun.

It is correct to say that impulse is equal to momentum. the change in momentum. the force multiplied by the distance the force acts. all of these none of these

the change in momentum.

No work is done by gravity on a bowling ball that rolls along a bowling alley because no force acts on the ball. no distance is covered by the ball. the force on the ball is at right angles to the ball's motion. no potential energy is being converted to kinetic energy. its kinetic energy may vary.

the force on the ball is at right angles to the ball's motion.

A rocket becomes progressively easier to accelerate as it travels upward from the ground mainly because gravity becomes weaker with increased distance. the applied force on the rocket increases as burning of fuel progresses. the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned.

the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned.

A sheet of paper can be withdrawn from under a container of milk without toppling it if the paper is jerked quickly. This best demonstrates that the milk carton has no acceleration. there is an action-reaction pair of forces. gravity tends to hold the milk carton secure. the milk carton has inertia. none of these

the milk carton has inertia.

If you push an object just as far while applying twice the force, you do twice as much work. four times as much work. the same amount of work.

twice as much work.

If you do work on an object in half the time, your power output is half the usual power output. the same power output. twice the usual power output.

twice the usual power output.

As an object freely falls, its both of these acceleration increases. none of these velocity increases.

velocity increases.