Physics Chapter 22/Prelecture

If you rub an inflated balloon against your hair and place the balloon against the wall it will stick to the wall, illustrating

charge polarization

The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are

close together

Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled 3 meters apart, the force on each charge will be

.11N

Which molecule is an example of a common electric dipole?

A water molecule

How does the charge of one electron compare to that of another electron? How does it compare with the charge of a proton? How do the masses of protons and electrons compare?

All electrons have the same charge. Electron charge is equal and opposite to the proton charge. A proton has 1800 times the mass of an electron.

What is an electric dipole?

In an electric dipole, positive and negative charges are separated on opposite sides of an object.

Which part of an atom is positively charged, and which part is negatively charged?

The nucleus is positively charged and the electron cloud is negatively charged.

An electric field is basically _________.

a vector quantity

A common naturally-polarized bit of matter is

a water molecule

An electron and a proton

attract each other

Electric charge can be transferred from one conducting body to another ________

by both contact and closeness

It is said that electric charge is conserved, which means that electric charge

can be neither created nor destroyed.

The force that binds atoms together to form molecules is

electrical

The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is

electrical

Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. The stronger of these two forces is

electrical

In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of

electrons that surround the nucleus

It is said that electric charge is quantized, which means that the charge on an object

is a whole number multiple of the charge of one electron

A highly-charged party balloon is not dangerous when it _________.

little overall energy

Conducting materials are composed of atoms with

loose outer electrons

A postive ion has more

more protons than electrons

Rub electrons from your hair with a comb and the comb becomes

negatively charged

Coulomb's law is most similar to which of these laws?

newtons law of gravity

Before a thunder storm, clouds in the sky likely become

polarized

A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces

repel or attract

When we say charge is conserved, we mainly mean that charge can be ______

transferred without loss like money in a bank

Electric potential, unlike electric potential energy, is measured in units of _________.

volts

Most atoms normally have a net charge that is _________

zero

The electric field inside the dome of a highly-charged Van de Graaff generator is _________.

zero

The net charge on a polarized molecule is normally _________.

zero

The net charge on an energized capacitor is normally _________.

zero