physics final
On a graph, the independent variable is represented on the _____ axis
x
Maximum constructive interference between two waves of the same frequency could occur when their phase difference is:
λ/4
The term antinode is another name for the:
"bump" on a standing wave
A light source with a power output of 75 W is located 2.5 m from a wall. What is the intensity?
.95 w/m^2
an insect moves it wings up and down 144 times in 3s. The period of this movement is:
0.0208s
You're fixing the organ in Westminster Abbey. The temperature in the Abbey is typically 18oC. Find the length of a pipe that will produce a 880 Hz tone, under typical conditions. You do not have (or need) any other information. (Note: the pipe is closed on one end) _ _
0.1 m
A graph of harmonic motion shows that a cycle lasts 8.0s. What is the frequency of this oscillator?
0.125 Hz
The independent variable on a graph can be described as the variable:
1. over which a scientist has direct control when designing the experiment. 2. represented on the x-axis.
List the four step problem solving technique (boxes) we use for solving mathematical physics problems.
1. what do we want to know. 2. what do we already know. 3. identify relationships or equations 4. solve the problem
The current in each resistor in the circuit is _______ ampere(s).
1/3 amperes
Maximum destructive interference between two waves will occur when the waves are out of phase by _____ degrees.
180
A vibrating string produces a standing wave of the 5th harmonic. How many wavelengths are contained in this standing wave?
2 1/2
The circuit contains 3 identical bulbs. They are connected to a voltage source which causes 2 A of current to flow through each of the bulbs.
2 A
As the decibel level increases from 20 dB to 40dB, the loudness of the sound is described as:
2 times louder
The distance between the highest and lowest position for an oscillator on a graph of harmonic motion is 40 cm. What is the amplitude of the oscillator?
20 cm
The length of a new pencil is closest to:
20 cm
The distance from point A to point G is 6.0 meters. If the speed of the wave is 450 m/s, the frequency of this wave is _____ Hz.
225 Hz
The current in each resistor in the circuit is _____ ampere(s).
3
The voltage across the 1 ohm resistor is ______ volt(s).
3
The voltage drop across each resistor in the circuit is _____ volts.
3
The diagram below represents a light ray striking a flat mirror:
35 degrees
one full cycle of harmonic motion is represented by _____ degrees.
360
Laser light is the result of harmonic motion in which all oscillations produced are in phase. Which diagram below best represents laser light?
4
How many wavelengths are represented in this diagram?
4 1/2
You yell across the bottom of a wide canyon and hear your echo 3 seconds later. The approximate width of the canyon producing the echo is _____ meters. (The speed of sound is 340 m/s)
500 meters
Suppose I play a noisemaker with a frequency of 450 Hz and a guitar note with a frequency of 457 Hz at the same time. What beat frequency would I hear?
7 Hz
The speed of a car traveling 200 meters in 10 seconds is equivalent to:
72 kilometers per hour
How many seconds are in a stopwatch showing 2hr, 18 min and 5s?
8285 s
What is the resistance in the circuit?
9 ohms
In the circuit, 3 amps of current passes through the light bulb. The resistance of the light bulb is 3 ohms: what is the voltage of the battery
9 volts
The diagram represents the harmonic motion of two identical, vibrating springs: The phase relationship of the two springs differs by approximately _____ degrees.
90
What is the unit for current?
A
A device whose operation depends upon the ability of light waves to be polarized is the:
LCD
Which of the circuits pictured below is an open circuit?
a
Which pair of moving pulses in a rope will produce destructive interference?
a
A graph may be described as all of the following EXCEPT:
a tool to be interpreted ONLY by trained scientists and mathematicians
The process by which the amplitude of waves is reduced as a wave loses energy while moving through a substance is called:
absorption
During an electrical storm, thunder associated with a distant lightning strike is heard:
after the lightning is seen because sound travels slower than light.
In a mechanical system, the distance an oscillator moves from its average position is called:
amplitude
Increasing the energy of a wave increases the _____ of the wave:
amplitude
Which of the following is an example of reflection?
an echo
In the diagram, f represents the focal point and 2f represents a point at twice the focal length from the lens. In which direction does most of the light in Ray R pass?
b
The graph represents position versus time for the amplitude of a pendulum that was allowed to swing for four seconds: Which letter correctly identifies the amplitude of the pendulum?
b
Two wave sources operating in phase in the same material produce circular wave patterns shown in the diagram. The solid lines represent wave crests and the dashed lines represent wave troughs. The greatest destructive interference occurs at point:
b
A device that uses chemical energy to push current in a circuit is called a:
battery
When light passes, as shown in the illustration, from a material with a smaller index of refraction into a material with a higher index of refraction it will:
be bent toward the normal
Musicians tune their instruments to math a certain frequency by adjusting the frequency they play to eliminate:
beats
An object that appears red in sunlight is illuminated only by blue light. It will appear to be:
black
The color of light that is refracted most when it passes through a prism is:
blue
Point A is shown on the harmonic motion graph of a vibrating string. Another point is located 1/2 of a phase away from point A. Which point on the graph shows the position of the second point?
c
The speed of light is such an important speed, it is represented by its own variable. The variable used to represent the speed of light is:
c
the figure shows four different ways to connect a meter to a circuit: Which diagram shows a meter properly connected for measuring current through the light bulb?
c
the four diagrams represent the amplitude of sounds produced versus time. Which diagram represents a complex sound?
c
All of the following statements about images are correct EXCPET that images:
can be touched like any object
If your fingertip repeatedly touches the surface of water in a container at regular intervals, the action will produce:
circular waves
A combination of frequencies which sounds good is called:
consonance
A variable that remains unchanged throughout an experiment is called a(n):
constant
resonance in waves is created by:
constructive interference with a wave's own reflections
The motion of charges in wires, motors, light bulbs and other devices is best called electric:
current
The subtractive primary colors of pigment are:
cyan, magenta, yellow
a unit of motion repeated over and over again is called the:
cycle
Which diagram correctly illustrates light rays as they pass through a converging lens?
d
The speed of sound is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:
decibel level
If the distance between a small light source and a screen is doubled, the intensity of light on the screen _____ by _____ times.
decreases, four
Robin measures the force needed to pull a wagon up an incline as more weight is added. In this investigation, force is the ______ variable.
dependent
Referring to the table, as light travels from a vacuum into a substance, in which substance will the light experience the greatest change of direction?
diamond
The diagram represents a wave interaction as wave fronts pass through a small opening. This is an example of:
diffraction
A series of parallel groves on a piece of plastic or glass that can be used to create an interference pattern is called a:
diffraction grating
The type of reflection in which the light is scattered into many directions is known as:
diffuse
A combination of frequencies which sounds bad or unsettling is called:
dissonance
Lenses are thicker around the edges of the lens than in the middle are:
diverging
if you triple the mass on a pendulum bob, the period of the pendulum:
does not change
The ________ of an atom are responsible for absorbing and re-emitting energy as light.
electrons
______ is exchanged any time something gets hotter, colder, faster, slower, or changes in any other observable way.
energy
According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence is always:
equal to the angle of reflection
A carefully designed test done under controlled conditions is called a(n):
experiment
Sound will travel:
faster in steel than in air
The mass of an object is determined by:
finding the amount of matter it contains
The energy of light is directly related to its:
frequency
The musical term "pitch" is most directly proportional to:
frequency
Resonance occurs for a system in harmonic motion when the:
frequency of the periodic force equals the natural frequency of the system
A device that protects a circuit from too much current by creating a break in the circuit is a:
fuse
The electromagnetic waves are shortest wavelength are:
gamma rays
For a standing wave to form in a medium, two waves must:
have the same frequency
The process of making light with heat is called:
incandescence
The light ray which strikes the surface of an optical device is known as the _____ ray.
incident
Compared to the speed of light in a vacuum, the speed of light traveling in a material like glass:
is slower
The current in a series circuit:
is the same at all points in a circuit.
A sound wave is an example of a _______ wave.
longitudinal
The oscillation of air pressure can result in ______ waves.
longitudinal
Due to the Doppler effect, the observed pitch of the siren of a fire truck moving away from you is:
lower than its stationary frequency
Which of the following could be a good conductor of electricity?
metal pot
Two oscillators that are 180 degrees out of phase are:
one-half of a cycle apart
The reason an oscillator may be used to keep time is the:
period of each cycle is the same
The direction a plane wave moves is:
perpendicular to the wave fronts
Phosphorus atoms embedded in plastic that absorb light energy will slowly release the energy in a glow-in-the-dark process known as:
photoluminescence
A particle of light is called a(n):
photon
Light is composed of tiny particles of energy known as:
photons
The diagram represents sunglasses being used to eliminate glare. The phenomenon represented in the diagram is:
polarization
Light waves that have one direction of vibration may be described as being:
polarized
A material that selectively absorbs light depending on the orientation of its electromagnetic waves acts as a:
polarizer
Simple optical devices include lenses, mirrors, and:
prisms
Which of the following colors of light has the lowest energy?
red
As atoms gain energy due to a temperature increase, the color of light emitted by the atoms may change from:
red to yellow
Color televisions produce images by mixing dots of:
red, green, and blue
The additive primary colors of light are:
red, green, blue
Which wave interaction could be demonstrated by a single wave pulse?
reflection
As a wave front passes from one substance into another substance, the wave front may change direction, an interaction known as:
refraction
The bending of a ray as it travels from air into water is known as:
refraction
In many circuit diagrams, any device that uses electrical energy is represented by a:
resistor
The force that brings the motion of an oscillator toward its equilibrium position is called its ____ force.
restoring
Which of the following statements about reverberations is INCORRECT?
reverberations are caused by absorption of sound by concert hall walls and ceilings
On his way to a concert, John stops at the mall to buy some camera film. If you divide the distance he travels to the concert by the amount of time it took to get from his home to his concert seat, you are calculating:
speed
The product of the frequency and the length of a wave yields its:
speed
Of the following, which equation does NOT correctly represent a relationship between distance, time and speed?
speed equals time multiplied by distance
The term applied to objects that travel at speeds exceeding the normal speed of sound in air is:
supersonic
What happens to the current in a circuit with fixed voltage if you increase the resistance of the circuit?
the current decreases
Which statement about the frequency and wavelength of visible light is CORRECT?
the frequencies of light are incredibly high and the wavelengths of light are tiny
Orlando measures the brightness of a flashlight bulb as he adds more batteries to the circuit. If he prepares a graph of the data:
the number of batteries should be represented on the x-axis
A string is vibrating at a frequency of 440 Hz. If the frequency is doubled, what happens to the period?
the period decreases by 1/2
When the wavelength and frequency for each of the colors (listed in the table) is multiplied, each product yields approximately the same answer. What is the significance of this outcome?
the product is equal to the speed of light in a vacuum
Large horns such as tubas produce sounds with long wavelengths while flutes produce sounds with short wavelengths because:
the wavelength of sound produced is directly proportional to the size of the instrument
The diagram shows a beam of light passing through a curved glass fiber. This is possible due to the effect of:
total internal reflection
One of the spectral lines for a star has shifted from its stationary value of 560 nm to 544 nm. Is the star moving away from or toward Earth?
toward
A glass window is best describes as a(n) _____ material.
transparent
A wave whose oscillations are perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels is called a _____ wave.
transverse
When a light beam travels from a light source to your eyes, we know it:
travels in a straight line
The electromagnetic waves that are beneficial in small amounts but responsible for skin cancer, sunburn, and cataracts in larger amounts are _____ waves.
ultraviolet
A factor that affects the behavior of a system is called a(n):
variable
Looking through a spectrometer, you see a line of light at 410 nm. This means the wavelength of light is 410 nm. The color of light is:
violet
The type of image formed when light rays do not actually come together to form the image is known as:
virtual
The type of image that can be projected on a screen is always:
virtual