Physics I Chapter 9, Physics I Chapter 6, Physics I Chapter 5, Physics I Chapter 7 & 8

A 22.3-g bullet moving at 1 000 m/s is fired through a one-kg block of wood emerging at a speed of 100 m/s. What is the change in the kinetic energy of the bullet-block system as a result of the collision assuming the block is free to move?

-10.8 kJ

A ball with original momentum +7.0 kg⋅m/s hits a wall and bounces straight back without losing any kinetic energy. The change in momentum of the ball is:

-14 kg⋅m/s.

Water (density = 1.00 × 103 kg/m3) flows at 7.2 m/s through a pipe with radius 0.025 m. The pipe goes up to the second floor of the building, 2.00 m higher, and the pressure remains unchanged. What is the radius of the pipe on the second floor?

0.036 m

In order to overcome a surface tension of a fluid, a force of 1.35 × 10−2 N is required to lift a wire ring of circumference 13.0 cm. What is the surface tension of the fluid?

0.052 N/m

A fluid has a density of 1 040 kg/m3. If it rises to a height of 1.60 cm in a 1.50-mm diameter capillary tube, what is the surface tension of the liquid? Assume a contact angle of zero.

0.0612 N/m

Two skaters, both of mass 75.0 kg, are on skates on a frictionless ice pond. One skater throws a 0.40-kg ball at 6.0 m/s to his friend, who catches it and throws it back at 6.0 m/s. When the first skater has caught the returned ball, what is the velocity of each of the two skaters?

0.063 m/s, moving apart

The bottom of a flat-bottomed aluminum boat has area = 4.10 m2 and mass = 65.0 kg. If two fishermen and their fishing gear with total mass of 305 kg are placed in the boat, how much lower will the boat ride in the water? (H2O density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3)

0.0744 m

A 1 000-kg vehicle is moving in the positive y-direction along the y-axis at 10 m/s. A 2 000-kg vehicle is moving in the positive x-direction at along the x-axis at 20 m/s. The vehicles collide and stick together. They move as a single object in a direction θ as measured counterclockwise from the x-axis immediately after the collision. What is the value of tan θ?

0.25

It takes 4.00 minutes to fill a gas tank with 50.0 liters of gasoline. If the pump nozzle is 1.35 cm in radius, what is the average speed of the gasoline as it leaves the nozzle? (1 000 liters = one cubic meter)

0.364 m/s

A 75.0-kg swimmer dives horizontally off a 465-kg raft initially at rest. If the diver's speed immediately after leaving the raft is 5.00 m/s, what is the corresponding raft speed?

0.806 m/s

When water freezes, it expands about nine percent. What would be the pressure increase inside your automobile engine block if the water in there froze? (The bulk modulus of ice is 2.0 × 109 Pa, and 1 atm = 1.0 × 105 Pa.)

1 800 atm

Consider two steel rods, A and B. B has three times the area and twice the length of A, so Young's modulus for B will be what factor times Young's modulus for A?

1.0

A 1 500-kg experimental rocket sled at rest on level frictionless rails is loaded with 55.0 kg of propellant. It exhausts the propellant in a 20-s "burn." The rocket moves at 155 m/s after the burn. What average force is experienced by the rocket during the burn?

1.16E+4 N

How much power is theoretically available from a mass flow of 1 000 kg/s of water that falls a vertical distance of 120 m?

1.18E+6 kW

A 75.0-kg halfback running north with a speed of 11.0 m/s is tackled by a 80.5-kg opponent running south at 7.5 m/s. The collision is perfectly inelastic. Compute the velocity of the two players just after the tackle.

1.4 m/s north

A 14 500-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.100 m. If a connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air, what force must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?

1.45E+4 N

The flow rate of a liquid through a 4.0-cm-radius pipe is 0.0080 m3/s. The average fluid speed in the pipe is

1.6 m/s.

An unfueled 1 000-kg experimental rocket sled on level frictionless rails is loaded with 50 kg of propellant. It exhausts the propellant in a 20-s "burn." If the rocket, initially at rest, moves at 160 m/s after the burn, what impulse is experienced by the rocket sled?

1.6 × 105 kg·m/s

A hole is poked through the metal side of a drum holding water. The hole is 16.0 cm below the water surface. What is the initial speed of outflow?

1.77 m/s

Alex throws a 0.25-kg rubber ball down onto the floor. The ball's speed just before impact is 4.5 m/s, and just after is 2.9 m/s. What is the change in the magnitude of the ball's momentum?

1.9 kg⋅m/s

A Boeing-737 airliner has a mass of 20 500 kg. The total area of the wings is 105 m2. What must be the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the wings to keep the airplane up?

1.91E+3 Pa

A solid rock, suspended in air by a spring scale, has a measured mass of 8.50 kg. When the rock is submerged in water, the scale reads 4.00 kg. What is the density of the rock? (water density = 1 000 kg/m3)

1.9E+3 kg/m3

A 1 200-kg experimental rocket sled on level frictionless rails is loaded with 55.0 kg of propellant. It exhausts the propellant in a 20-s "burn." If the rocket, initially at rest, moves at 155 m/s after the burn, what impulse is experienced by the rocket sled?

1.9E+5 kg⋅m/s

The SI units for viscosity are N·s/m2. Another commonly used unit for viscosity is the poise, where 10 poise = 1 N·s/m2. The poise is a fairly large unit, and it is more common to use the centipoise. Which of the following is equal to the centipoise?

10−3 N·s/m2

A fountain sends water to a height of 113 m. What must be the pressurization (above atmospheric) of the underground water system? (1 atm = 105 N/m2)

11.1 atm

A miniature spring-loaded, radio-controlled gun is mounted on an air puck. The gun's bullet has a mass of 7.00 g, and the gun and puck have a combined mass of 150 g. With the system initially at rest, the radio controlled trigger releases the bullet causing the puck and empty gun to move with a speed of 0.530 m/s. What is the bullet's speed?

11.4 m/s

Water (density = 1.00 × 103 kg/m3) flows at 15.0 m/s through a pipe with radius 0.0400 m. The pipe goes up to the second floor of the building, 2.50 m higher, and the pressure remains unchanged. What is the speed of the water flow in the pipe on the second floor?

13.3 m/s

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (105 Pa). What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.30 atm?

140 000 N

A pipe of diameter three cm is replaced by one of the same length but of diameter six cm. If the pressure difference between the ends of the pipe remains the same, by what factor is the rate of flow of a viscous liquid through it changed?

16

A 20.0-g bullet moving at 1 000 m/s is fired through a one-kg block of wood emerging at a speed of 100 m/s. If the block had been originally at rest and is free to move, what is its resulting speed?

18.0 m/s

A man standing on frictionless ice throws a 1.00-kg mass at 29.0 m/s at an angle of elevation of 50.0°. What was the magnitude of the man's momentum immediately after throwing the mass?

18.6 kg·m/s

A rocket of total mass M and with burnout mass 0.20M attains a speed of 3 400 m/s after starting from rest in deep space. What is the exhaust velocity of the rocket?

2.1E+3 m/s

A cube of wood of density 0.780 g/cm3 is 11.2 cm on a side. When placed in water, what height of the block will float above the surface? (water density = 1.00 g/cm3)

2.46 cm

A railroad freight car, mass 15 000 kg, is allowed to coast along a level track at a speed of 3.0 m/s. It collides and couples with a 54 000-kg loaded second car, initially at rest and with brakes released. What percentage of the initial kinetic energy of the 15 000-kg car is preserved in the two-coupled cars after collision?

22%

A baseball infielder, mass 78.0 kg, jumps up with velocity 3.50 m/s and catches a 0.195-kg baseball moving horizontally at 55.0 m/s. Of the following, which is closest to the final momentum of the system, infielder and baseball?

273 kg⋅m/s

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm3 and mass 769 g. The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil (oil's density = 0.650 g/cm3). How much oil does the metal displace?

285 cm3

Legend says that Archimedes, in determining whether or not the king's crown was made of pure gold, measured its volume by the water displacement method. If the density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3, and the crown's mass is 600 g, what volume would be necessary to prove that it is pure gold?

3.1E+1 cm3

A centrifuge rotates at 100 rev/s (i.e., 628 rad/s). If the test tube places the suspension at 8.00 cm from the axis of rotation, by what factor are the terminal speeds of the settling particles increased as compared to sedimentation cause by gravity?

3.2E+3

What is the total force on the bottom of a 2.0-m-diameter by 1.5-m-deep round wading pool due to the weight of the air and the weight of the water? (Note the pressure contribution from the atmosphere is 1.0 × 105 N/m2, the density of water is 1 000 kg/m3, and g = 9.8 m/s2.)

3.6E+5 N

A 1.00-kg platinum-iridium cylinder is 26.0 mm in height and 40.0 mm in diameter. What is the density of the material?

30.6 g/cm3

The flow rate of blood through the average human aorta, of radius 0.95 cm, is about 90 cm3/s. What is the speed of the blood flow through the aorta?

32 cm/s

A jet of water flowing from a hose at 18 m/s is directed against a wall. If the mass flow in the fluid stream is 2.0 kg/s, what force is the water applying to the wall if backsplash is negligible?

36 N

A solid object is made of two materials, one material having density of 2 500 kg/m3 and the other having density of 6 000 kg/m3. If the object contains equal volumes of the materials, what is its average density?

4 250 kg/m3

A Venturi tube may be used as the inlet to an automobile carburetor. If the inlet pipe of 2.00 cm diameter narrows to 1.00 cm diameter, what is the pressure drop in the constricted section for airflow of 2.16 m/s in the 2.00-cm section? (Assume air density is 1.25 kg/m3.)

43.7 Pa

A reading of a tire gauge tells you that the gauge pressure in a tire is 31 lb/in2. What is the absolute pressure in the tire? Assume that atmospheric pressure is 14 lb/in2.

45 lb/in2

A blimp is filled with 440 m3 of helium. How big a payload can the balloon lift? (The density of air is 1.29 kg/m3; the density of helium is 0.178 kg/m3.)

489 kg

Spherical particles of density 1.8 g/cm3 are shaken in a container of water (viscosity = 1.0 × 10−3 N⋅s/m3). The water is 9.0 cm deep and is allowed to stand for 30 minutes. What is the radius of the largest particles still in suspension at that time?

5.4E-6 m

A crane drops a 0.250-kg steel ball onto a steel plate. The ball's speeds just before impact and after are 4.00 m/s and 3.70 m/s, respectively. If the ball is in contact with the plate for 0.035 s, what is the magnitude of the average force that the ball exerts on the plate during impact?

55.0 N

Water comes down the spillway of a dam from an initial vertical height of 170 m. What is the highest possible speed of the water at the end of the spillway?

57.7 m/s

A disk of mass m moving in the positive x direction collides with a stationary disk, also of mass m. The first disk moves in a direction θ1 with respect to the x axis, and the second disk moves off in a direction of θ2 below the x axis, as shown in the figure. If v = 10 m/s, θ1 = 30°, and v1f = 8 m/s, what is v2f?

6.1 m/s

A machine gun is attached to a railroad flatcar that rolls with negligible friction. If the railroad car has a mass of 6.35 × 104 kg, how many bullets of mass 35.0 g would have to be fired at 200 m/s off the back to give the railroad car a forward velocity of 0.56 m/s?

6.5E+4

A U-tube is partially filled with water and then an immiscible liquid is added to the right side. The top of the liquid is a distance h1 = 2.40 cm above the level of interface between the liquid and water. On the left side of the tube the top of the water is a distance h2 = 1.48 cm above the liquid-water interface on the right side. What is the density of the liquid in terms of the density of water, 1 000 kg/m3?

617 kg/m3

What volume of water is displaced by a submerged 2.0-kg cylinder made of solid aluminum? (aluminum density = 2.7 × 103 kg/m3 and water density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3)

7.4E-4 m3

When lying down, the gauge pressure of the blood at a patient's heart is 13.3 kPa. If the patient suddenly stands up and her body doesn't compensate quickly enough for the pressure changes, what would be the pressure at her head, 55.0 cm above her heart? The density of blood is 1 060 kg/m3.

7.59E+3 Pa

Alex throws a 0.250-kg rubber ball down onto the floor. The ball's speed just before impact is 5.30 m/s, and just after is 3.71 m/s. If the ball is in contact with the floor for 0.028 s, what is the magnitude of the average force applied by the floor on the ball?

80.4 N

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 900 m in water than at the surface where pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3, 1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 105 N/m2, and g = 9.8 m/s2)

88

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick. Estimate the pressure underneath the ice. (The density of ice is 918 kg/m3.)

9.0 × 106 Pa (90 atm)

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.50 cm2. If the chisel is struck with a force of 45.0 N, what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

9.0E+5 Pa

A miniature, spring-loaded, radio-controlled gun is mounted on an air puck. The gun's bullet has a mass of 6.00 g, and the gun and puck have a combined mass of 130 g. With the system initially at rest, the radio-controlled trigger releases the bullet, causing the puck and empty gun to move with a speed of 0.500 m/s. Of the total kinetic energy of the gun-puck-bullet system, what percentage is in the bullet?

96%

When an artery gets a constricted region due to plaque, how does the pressure in this region compare to the pressure in an unconstricted region adjacent?

In the constricted region the blood moves at a higher speed than in the unconstricted region resulting in a decreased pressure.

A heavily loaded boat is floating in a pond. The boat starts to sink because of a leak but quick action plugging the leak stops the boat from going under although it is now deeper in the water. What happens to the surface level of the pond?

It stays the same.

Two masses m1 and m2, with m1 < m2, have momenta with equal magnitudes. How do their kinetic energies compare?

KE1 > KE2

The quantity "stress" expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities (mass, length, time) is equivalent to

ML−1T−2.

A high-diver of mass 59.8 kg jumps off a board 10.0 m above the water. If, 1.00 s after entering the water his downward motion is stopped, what average upward force did the water exert?

None of the other answers is correct.

Object 1 has twice the mass of Object 2. Both objects have the same kinetic energy. Which of the following statements is true?

Object 1 has a momentum of greater magnitude than Object 2.

Object 1 has twice the mass of Object 2. Each of the objects has the same magnitude of momentum. Which of the following statements is true?

One object has twice the kinetic energy of the other

A rock is moving with speed v. If the mass of the rock were tripled and the speed were reduced to v/3, which of the following statements would be true?

The kinetic energy of the rock is smaller than in the first case, but the momenta of both are the same.

Two objects, one less massive than the other, collide elastically and bounce back after the collision. If the two originally had velocities that were equal in size but opposite in direction, then which one will be moving faster after the collision?

The less massive one.

As ice floats in water, about 10% of the ice floats above the surface of the water. If we float some ice in a glass of water, what will happen to the water level as the ice melts?

The water level will remain unchanged.

Kaitlin uses a bat to hit a thrown baseball. She knocks the ball back in the direction from which it came in a partially inelastic collision. The bat, which is heavier than the baseball, continues to move in the same direction after the hit as Kaitlin "follows through." Is the ball moving faster before or after it was hit?

There is insufficient information to answer this problem.

The quantity "strain" expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities (mass, length, time) is equivalent to

a dimensionless quantity.

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the bottom of the container is P. Then the container is emptied halfway and topped off with oil of density 0.8 × 103 kg/m3, which floats on top of the water. What is the pressure at the bottom of the container now?

a pressure < P

A billiard ball is moving in the x-direction at 33.4 cm/s and strikes another billiard ball moving in the y-direction at 38.9 cm/s. As a result of the collision, the first ball moves at 50.6 cm/s, and the second ball stops. In what final direction does the first ball move?

at an angle of 49.4° ccw from the x-direction

A large stone is resting on the bottom of the swimming pool. The normal force of the bottom of the pool on the stone is equal to the

difference between the weight of the stone and the weight of the displaced water.

A 5-kg object is moving to the right at 4 m/s and collides with a 4-kg object moving to the left at 5 m/s. The objects collide and stick together. After the collision, the combined object:

has no kinetic energy.

The equation of continuity applied to an incompressible ideal fluid flowing through a pipe of varying diameter is based on what of the following being conserved for the fluid in the pipe?

its flow rate

The fluid to which Bernoulli's equation is applied is based on what being conserved for the fluid?

its total mechanical energy

The units of impulse are equivalent to:

kg⋅m/s

In a two-body collision, if the momentum of the system is conserved, then which of the following best describes the kinetic energy after the collision?

may also be conserved

If a two-body collision is not head-on, then we may always assume that:

momentum is conserved.

Which state of matter is associated with the very highest of temperatures?

plasma

The bulk modulus of a material, as a meaningful physical property, is applicable to which of the following?

solids, liquids and gases

In an elastic solid there is a direct proportionality between strain and

stress.

A model rocket sits on the launch pad until its fuel is ignited, blasting the rocket upward. During the short time of blast-off, as the ignited fuel goes down, the rocket goes up because:

the downward force of gravity is less than the downward momentum of the fuel.

In an inelastic collision between two objects with unequal masses:

the momentum of one will increase by the amount that the momentum of the other decreases.

In a system with two moving objects, when a collision occurs between the objects:

the total momentum is always conserved.

The kinetic energy of an object is quadrupled. Its momentum will change by what factor?

two

A water pipe with inner radius r1 is connected to a junction with two equal-diameter pipes. Water flows through each of the two pipes with a speed of v. If the diameter of each of the two pipes is ¼ the diameter of the single pipe, what is the flow rate in the single pipe?

v/8