Physics II Week 1 Quiz
critical point
-above this point the distinction between liquid and vapor phase are indistinguishable
ideal gases
-atoms and molecules in a gas are typically widely separated. Because the forces between them are quite weak at these distances, the properties of a gas depend more on the number of atoms per unit volume and on temperature than on the type of atom
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
-law that states that if 2 objects are in thermal equilibrium, and a third object is in thermal equilibrium with one of those objects, it is in thermal equilibrium with the other object
temperature
-quantity measured by a thermometer -related to the average kinetic energy of atoms and molecules is a system
triple point
-temperature and pressure for which we have the solid, liquid, and vapor phase in equilibrium
thermal equilibrium
-the condition in which heat no longer flows between 2 objects that are in contact; the 2 objects have the same temperature
kinetic theory
-the study of microscopic behavior of molecules and the interactions which lead to macroscopic relationships like the ideal gas law
A balloon contains 3.0 moles of helium gas at normal atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa) and room temperature (20C). What is the volume of the balloon?
0.072 m3
Rank the following based on the relative strength of intermolecular forces (forces between molecules) from smallest to largest: -Non-ideal or Real gas -Ideal gas -Liquids -Solids
1. Liquids 2. Ideal gas 3. Non-ideal or real gas 4. Solids
A tank of compressed oxygen gas at a doctor's office has a pressure gauge that measures 100 times the pressure of atmospheric pressure. If the volume of the tank is 5 x 10^4 m3, how many oxygen molecules does the cylinder contain at T=300K. Avogadro's number is 6.02 x 10^23 mol-1 and R=8.31 J/mol-K (1 atm = 101,325 Pa)
1.2 x 10^24 molecules
Imagine you are sitting in a room full of oxygen molecules at 300 K. If the room has a volume of 1.0 x 10^4 m3, what is the number of oxygen molecules in the room if the pressure is at 1 atm (101,325 Pa)? Avogadro's number is 6.02 x 10^23 mol-1 and R=8.31 J/mol-K
2.4 x 10^29 molecules
Which two conditions must exist when 2 objects are considered to be in thermal equilibrium? A. Measured temperatures will be the same for the two objects B. Heat transfer between objects will be at a maximum C. The 2 objects will be in thermal contact with each other D. Energy can not freely exchange between the 2 objects
A. Measured temperatures will be the same for the two objects C. The 2 objects will be in thermal contact with each other
Please convert the following temperature measurements to Kelvin scale: Measurement 1: 24.15 C Measurement 2: 212 F
Measurement 1: 297.3 K, Measurement 2: 373.15 K
From the kinetic energy of gases, how is the temperature of the ideal gas related to the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule?
The temperature of the ideal gas is directly proportional to the kinetic energy of the gas molecule
The units of pressure multiplied by volume in the ideal gas law are also the units for:
Work or energy
The magnitude of temperature differences are similar for which 2 scales?
celsius and kelvin
