physiology of exercise lab test 1

Measurements of anaerobic capabilities

10-40 meter dash Margaria Power test Muscle biopsy Wingate test

Hamstrings are typically _____ as strong as the quadricepts

65-75%

3 ways to measure muscular strength

Isometric Isotonic Isokinetic

Reasons to test strength

Predict performance Implement a training system Measurement of rehabilitation Identify a muscle imbalance

Why use the wingate test?

Reliability (the measurement we are getting is repeatable from one time to the next Validity (the test measures what it's supposed to measure) Specificity (allows us to make distinctions) Sensitivity (sensitive to training adaptations)

Isometric

a contraction with tension, but there is no change in external muscle length. Also referred to as a static contraction

Isotonic Exercise

a muscular contraction in which a muscle shortens with varying tension while overcoming or lifting a constant resistance throughout the ROM

Advantages of isotonic exercise

better than isometric related to performance relatively inexpensive psychological aspect of seeing the bar or weight stack move

Disadvantages of isokinetic exercise

expensive must know how to operate

Advantages of Isometric exercise

inexpensive time efficient useful in rehab settings most facilities/people can do it

Disadvantages of Isometric exercise

joint angle specific does not reflect increase in strength across an entire range of motion strength values do not relate to dynamic movement there is no mathematical work done

Isokinetic exercise

maximal tension developed at all joint angles throughout the full ROM. Speed or velocity is constant. There is accommodating resistance at resistance at a controlled speed of movement.

Advantages of Isokinetic exercise

measures strength/force/torque at different joint angles fancy speed of movement is controlled allows for estimation of fiber type

Disadvantages of isotonic exercise

measures the weakest point in ROM unable to measure strength at any controlled speed trail and error method to attain max

strength

the amount of force or tension a muscle or muscle groups can exert against a resistance in one maximal effort

Example of isometric exercise

the plank

Example of isotonic exercise

working with dumbells/ free weights