Planet Earth SmartWork 1-4

Place in chronological order the events that led to life as we know it on Earth.

1. The oceans formed 2. Photosynthetic organisms appeared on Earth. 3. Oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere. 4. Multicellular life developed rapidly on Earth.

What is true of the Big Bang Theory

The universe is older than the earth All matter in the universe was once confined to a single point

What are the origins of facets?

They are produced by grinding and polishing

List and know the 4 geological features on the map

ice sheets, continental shelf, plain, mountain belt.

Label the atoms in the silica-oxygen tetrahedron

inside is silica outside is oxygen

Seismic trends indicating the location of...

plate boundaries

Volcanic Island arc formation

1. A subduction trench forms where the subducting plate bends downward into the mantle 2. An accretionary prism begins to form 3. Magma, created by flux melting of the mantle, rises through the overriding plate. 4. Lava erupts onto the surface, forming volcanoes

Order the events chronologically that occurred in the formation of our solar system

1. An accretionary disk formed 2. A protosun formed 3. Rings formed in the protoplanetary disk 4. Planetesimals collected to form protoplanets.

Five earth materials

1. Glass 2. Mineral 3. Melt 4. Sediment 5. Rock

List whether or not the following are minerals or non 1. Gypsum 2.Menthol 3.DNA 4. Sugar 5.Corundum 6.Graphite 7. Glass 8. Aragonite 9. Cubic Zirconia

1. Gypsum- Mineral 2.Menthol- Non 3.DNA- Non 4. Sugar- Non 5.Corundum- Mineral 6.Graphite- Mineral 7. Glass- Non 8. Aragonite- Mineral 9. Cubic Zirconia- Non

List the three characteristics of the athenosphere

1. Mantle Only 2. Ductile 3. Warmer

List the three characteristics of the lithosphere

1. Mantle and crust 2. Brittle 3. Colder

What are three true things of Pangaea?

1. One of several supercontinents 2. Regional-scale folds visible in the Appalachian Mts. are remnants of Pangaea's formation 3. Rates of seafloor spreading are compatible with breakup patterns

Order the steps that lead to seafloor spreading

1. The asthenosphere beneath diverging plates rises and melts 2. A magma chamber forms beneath the ridge axis 3. Magma rises to the surface and erupts via submarine volcanoes 4. Newly formed crust is moved laterally away from the ridge

Place in chronological order the events that led to the formation of the Earth.

1. The earth cleared its orbit of all matter, making it a true planet. 2. The moon formed. 3. Volcanic activity occurred, releasing gases. 4. An atmosphere formed.

Order the steps in continental rift formation.

1. The lithospheric mantle begins to stretch horizontally and thin vertically 2. The crust fractures, and faults develop. 3. Large fault blocks of crust slide down into the widening rift 4. Magma erupts as lava creating volcanoes along and near the center of the rift

What are the names of the atmospheric layers, in order from lowest to highest.

1. troposphere 2. stratosphere 3. thermosphere 4. mesosphere

What are the three climate belts of Pangaea

1.Desert 2. Tropical 3. Polar

What are the two types of fractures

1.irregular fracture: rough surfaces 2.conchoidal fracture: smooth clamshell shaped surfaces

During what stellar process are the very large elements (those heavier than iron) created?

A supernova explosion

why is the oldest seafloor generally less than 200 million years old.

All oceanic lithosphere eventually gets subducted beneath the continents by the time it is 200 million years old.

Seafloor spreading is driven by volcanic activity that occurs where?

Along mid-ocean ridges

Sort outcomes of continental collision versus those related to ocean-ocean convergence.

Continental collision: crustal thickening and mountain building Oceanic Convergence: subduction and volcanism

According to the theory of plate tectonics, the plates are:

Discrete pieces of lithosphere which move in respect to one another Moved by the creation of new crust and subduction of old crust

Which type of silicate has the greatest proportion of oxygen atoms shared by pairs of adjacent tetrahedra?

Framework Silicates

What are the three types of luster

Glassy, Metallic, and earthy

Given that a mineral has one plane of cleavage and splits into sheets, is the mineral mica, pyroxene, amphibole, halite, or calcite?

Mica

What influences the width of marine magnetic anomalies on the floor of the ocean?

Rate at which the plates are moving away from the mid-ocean ridge an duration of the magnetic polarity event

The silica-oxygen tetrahedra is the building block of which chemical class of minerals?

Silicates

Obsidian is a volcanic glass that forms when lava cools very quickly and consists of a solid mass of glass through and through. Why is obsidian not classified as a mineral?

The atoms or molecules in obsidian do not have crystalline structure

What was created from differentiation?

The mantle and core formed as a result of differentiation

How did the moon form?

The moon formed from debris created when earth suffered a catastrophic photo planet collision.

What would be the significance of finding a precipitated mineral on another planet?

The planet may have or have had liquid water on it.

list the layers of the earth from outer to inner

crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner core

What are the three types of plate boundaries

divergent, convergent, transform

What comes from transform boundaries

earthquakes

List the diagram of the lithosphere correctly

moho is the barrier between crust and mantle under lithosphere is the asthenosphere mantle