pols 1113 exam 2
Around what age does voter turnout peak in the United States? 35 60 50 18
60
What does a candidate need to win a presidential election? A majority of the national popular vote A plurality of the national popular vote A majority of electoral votes A plurality of electoral votes
A majority of electoral votes
If a person's parents are strict adherents to one political party, what is the likelihood that the person will also affiliate with the same party? About 33 percent About 88 percent About 95 percent About 67 percent
About 67 percent
Which political figure understood that democratic government must be responsive to the will of the people and once claimed, "Our government rests on public opinion"? Abraham Lincoln George W. Bush Franklin Roosevelt Thomas Jefferson
Abraham Lincoln
Which statement accurately identifies party identification of Latinos and African Americans? -African Americans are more likely to be Democrats than Republicans, and both parties compete for Latino support. -Latinos are more likely to be Republicans, but African Americans are more likely to be Independents. -Latinos and African Americans are more likely to be Republicans than Democrats. -Latinos are roughly equally split among the parties, but African Americans are more likely to be Republicans.
African Americans are more likely to be Democrats than Republicans, and both parties compete for Latino support.
In the mid-1990s, virtually every form of media—TV news, magazines, newspapers, and radio—covered O.J. Simpson's murder trial, a criminal court case involving the former football player and the suspicious deaths of his ex-wife and her friend. The O.J. trial captivated the nation for years. What is the effect called when news covers an item so frequently that the audience begins to see the issue as immensely important? Muckraking Soft news Yellow journalism Agenda setting
Agenda setting
What does the National Voter Registration Act require states to do? -Allow absentee ballots so voters can vote by mail -Remove ineligible voters from their rolls -Register all eligible voters, though states can define eligibility -Allow voters to register when they apply for or renew their driver's licenses
Allow voters to register when they apply for or renew their driver's licenses
Which of the following describes a type of brief that interest groups submit as "friends of the court"? Quid pro quo Amicus curiae Concurring Dissenting
Amicus curiae
Which factor poses the biggest threat to the television evening news? A lack of hard news An aging audience The prominence of "technical difficulties" A lack of qualified journalists
An aging audience
Which of the following is an example of selective exposure? -A voter refuses to listen to any news or watch news on television. -A person has multiple friends with different backgrounds who all have different political ideologies. -A student seeks multiple types of news sources and a blend of soft and hard news stories. -An individual only listens to news on the radio from a single source.
An individual only listens to news on the radio from a single source.
What is a delegate? A document that lays out a party's core beliefs An official representative sent to a conference A person that attempts to influence the decision making of legislators A group of party members in a legislature
An official representative sent to a conference
The phone rings and a person answers the call. A computerized voice on the other end asks the person, "Regardless of how you are registered to vote, do you tend to think of yourself more as (1) a Republican, (2) a Democrat, or (3) an Independent voter?" The person selects the answer that best aligns with their political party affiliation. Why type of poll is this? Automated Call-in In-person Internet
Automated
What are selective benefits? -Goods provided by the government from which everyone benefits -Benefits offered exclusively to members of an interest group -Fees that the members pay to join an interest group -Quid pro quo arrangements that exchange money for favors
Benefits offered exclusively to members of an interest group
Who uncovered the Watergate scandal? Stephen Colbert Chet Huntley and David Brinkley Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein Walter Cronkite
Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein
Which Supreme Court decision that upheld limits on donations to congressional campaigns resulted in the expansion of political action committees (PACs)? Mapp v. Ohio New York Times v. Sullivan Griswold v. Connecticut Buckley v. Valeo
Buckley v. Valeo
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that blanket primaries were unconstitutional? Buckley v. Valeo Marbury v. Madison California Democratic Party v. Jones Griswold v. Connecticut
California Democratic Party v. Jones
Established in 1974, the Frank Lloyd Wright Trust "engages the public in educational and aesthetic experiences to foster an appreciation of architecture, design, and the legacy of Frank Lloyd Wright." Because it is a 501(c)(3) organization with tax-exempt status, what is the Frank Lloyd Wright Trust not allowed to do? Explain issues to the public related to elections Produce voter education guides Counsel the public on election procedures Campaign for a candidate or party
Campaign for a candidate or party
How is the number of electors assigned to each state determined? Political parties The Supreme Court Elections Census data
Census data
What type of primary is restricted to voters affiliated with a particular party? Blanket Closed Unopposed Open
Closed
Which form of political participation continues to increase, especially in the last decade? Participating in violent protests Attending political meetings Communicating directly with representatives Recruiting for a political party
Communicating directly with representatives
In which type of voting system are citizens required by law to vote? Compulsory Plurality Proxy Preferential
Compulsory
A student in the class thinks there should be tougher laws prohibiting marijuana. The student also thinks that if the government runs out of money it should cut back on services instead of raising taxes or borrowing. Which political ideology best fits with the student's beliefs? Libertarian Conservative Liberal Communitarian
Conservative
Democratic President Barack Obama won reelection in 2012 by a margin of 51 to 47 percent. After the election, there was a Republican majority in the House. What is it called when the executive and legislative branches align with different parties? Responsible parties Divided government Bipartisan Democratic policy control
Divided government
A concerned citizen is preparing to vote and carefully analyzes and compares the costs and benefits of voting. Eventually, the voter decides that the benefits of political participation outweigh the perceived costs associated with voting: driving, waiting in a long line, and taking time off from work to cast a ballot. Which model of voting best describes this example? Hamiltonian Psychological Economic Jeffersonian
Economic
What is a group that forms to advance the financial status of its members called? Single-issue groups Economic interest group Citizens' group Ideological interest group
Economic interest group
Which term refers to the extent to which people believe their actions affect the course of government? Confidence interval Conceptualization Political trust Efficacy
Efficacy
How often do senatorial elections take place? Every two years Every eight years Every six years Every four years
Every six years
Which type of poll is conducted as voters are leaving the voting booth? Push Exit Tracking Absentee
Exit
Which federal agency oversees the regulation of electronic media? Federal Communications Commission Department of Homeland Security Federal Bureau of Investigations Consumer Financial Protections Bureau
Federal Communications Commission
Which amendment extended voting rights to African American men? Twelfth Fifteenth Eleventh Nineteenth
Fifteenth
How many times in history has the president won an election but not the popular vote? Ten Five One Seven
Five
After September 11th raised to the th power President George W. Bush declared war in the Middle East in Iraq and Afghanistan. Which term best describes the ways the media emphasized the issue of fighting terrorism and presented war in a favorable light? Hard news Priming Agenda setting Framing
Framing
The press concealed the health of which president, thereby preserving his public image? Thomas Jefferson Theodore Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt George Washington
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
If a group lobbies for public goods or collective benefits that are so widespread that members and nonmembers alike receive them, incentives to join the group disappear. What is this collective action dilemma called? Free rider Iron triangle Revolving door Issue network
Free rider
Which term describes the differences in political attitudes between men and women? Gender gap Self-interest Polarization Glass ceiling
Gender gap
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 were a defining event that caused Americans to change their views on national security and express a willingness to give up some personal freedom to reduce the threat of terrorism. Which term best captures this effect? A nonattitude Generational effect Ideology Polarization
Generational effect
What is the trend in which older voters who die are replaced in the electorate by less reliable young voters called? Generational replacement Graveyard voting The voting-eligible population The grandfather clause
Generational replacement
Who is the only president to receive an approval rating higher than 90 percent? George W. Bush Franklin Roosevelt John Kennedy Ronald Reagan
George W. Bush
In 1991, a redistricting in North Carolina was designed to create a district with African Americans in the majority. Later, federal courts ruled that the state had to revise those district lines so that the congressional district was more compact. What is this politicization of drawing district boundaries called? Microtargeting Negative campaigning Gerrymandering Pork-barreling
Gerrymandering
What does the party organization do? -Creates norms about how voters cast their ballots -Ensures that elected representatives support certain policies and not others -Guides how a party operates at the federal, state, and local levels -States the party ideology in writing
Guides how a party operates at the federal, state, and local levels
A college student gets most news online from sources such as the Huffington Post and Daily Kos. In contrast, the student's grandparent reads a print version of the Wall Street Journal from cover to cover. Which term best describes the grandparent's consumption of news? Hard news Soft news Classified listings Yellow journalism
Hard news
The organization MoveOn.org explains its purpose as "Over the past 20 years, [our members] have...worked together to play a leading role in ending the war in Iraq, passing landmark legislation such as healthcare reform, and advancing the cause of economic fairness." What type of interest group is MoveOn.org? Single-issue groups Government agency Nongovernmental organization Ideological interest group
Ideological interest group
Which group increased membership and influenced party organizations in the large northern and midwestern cities during the late nineteenth century? Wealthy aristocrats Rural voters Immigrants Republicans
Immigrants
What is the median voter theorem? -An electoral system that assigns party delegates according to vote share in a presidential primary election. -The structure that one legislative seat represents citizens who live in a geographically defined district. -In a two-party race, if voters select candidates on the basis of ideology and everyone participates equally, the party closer to the middle will win. -An electoral system in which whoever wins the most votes in an election wins the election.
In a two-party race, if voters select candidates on the basis of ideology and everyone participates equally, the party closer to the middle will win.
The long view of presidential and congressional campaigns and elections demonstrates that different parties control government at different times. Why is this a good thing for American democracy? Increases government responsiveness Promotes a balanced budget The incumbency advantage Decreases negative campaigning
Increases government responsiveness
What is the term that describes someone who is running for a position that they have already been elected to fill and current occupy? Incumbents Diplomats Justices Veterans
Incumbents
An interest group forms in order to tackle the environmental issue of fracking. The leaders decide to use social media sites and e-mail to ensure their members register and to provide updates on developments and legislation. What interest group activity does this represent? Lobbying Campaigning Informing Protesting
Informing
What lobbying strategy keeps policy requests narrowly tailored to the group's needs and tries to influence legislators directly? Inside strategy Coalition building Outside strategy Campaigning
Inside strategy
In which model of voting is the voting process shaped by the rules of the system, political party behavior, the ways candidates run their campaigns, and the context of the election? Economic Psychological Hamiltonian Institutional
Institutional
What theory suggests that leaders in any organization eventually behave in their own self-interest? Watchdogs Iron law of oligarchy Iron triangle Free rider
Iron law of oligarchy
Coined by Hugh Heclo, which term describes the fluid and open relationship between interest groups and government? Public goods Free rider Iron triangle Issue networks
Issue networks
What has happened to newspaper readership since the 1990s? -It has risen for older age groups, but it has declined for younger age groups. -It has declined for both younger and older age groups. -It has remained stable for both younger and older age groups. -It has declined for younger age groups, but it has remained stable for older age groups.
It has declined for both younger and older age groups.
How has party polarization in Congress changed from the 1970s to present? -It has declined steadily over this time period. -It has remained stable over this time period. -It has increased steadily over this period. -It increased until the 1990s and has declined since.
It has increased steadily over this period.
Which statement describes spending on presidential elections from 2000 to 2016? It has risen sharply. It has declined slowly. It has been relatively stable. It has fluctuated.
It has risen sharply.
Which assessment of the 1960 debate between Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy is considered correct? -Most people watching on television or listening on the radio thought Nixon won. -Most television watchers thought Kennedy won, and most radio listeners thought Nixon won. -Most television watchers thought Nixon won, and most radio listeners thought Kennedy won. -Most people watching on television or listening on the radio thought Kennedy won.
Most television watchers thought Kennedy won, and most radio listeners thought Nixon won.
When thinking about the relationship between religion and public opinion, which of the following statements is most accurate? -Muslims respond with less support of same-sex relationships than Americans more generally. -When surveyed, nearly all Jews describe themselves as conservative. -Muslims tend to be more conservative than Protestants and Catholics. -Protestants tend to be more liberal and affiliate with the Democratic party at higher rates than Catholics or Jews.
Muslims respond with less support of same-sex relationships than Americans more generally.
A voter is looking forward to casting their ballot in the primary election but does not announce an affiliation with either party. The voter is given ballots with each party's list of candidates and can then choose which ballot to use and is restricted to voting for only one party's nominees. What type of primary is this? Blanket Open Closed Nonpartisan blanket
Open
Which state saw a high rate of voter turnout at 70 percent in 2008 and 68 percent in 2016 after implementing a voting by mail system? Virginia Rhode Island Oregon Utah
Oregon
Which concept concerns the psychological attachment someone has to a political party? Political trust Self-interest Party identification Civic interest
Party identification
Which term refers to the general patterns of party identification among voters and their behavior on election day? Party in government Party as an organization Party in the electorate Party caucuses
Party in the electorate
What is a long-term shift in voter allegiance from one part to another called? Party caucus Party realignment Party dealignment Party alignment
Party realignment
Which system awards government programs and benefits based on political loyalty to a party? Socialist Merit Nonpartisan Patronage
Patronage
What does the First Amendment state Americans have the right to do? Refuse military service Peaceably assemble Protest without restriction Overthrow government
Peaceably assemble
Which piece of legislation was passed to reform the civil service by requiring that government jobs be filled based on qualifications rather than political connections? Stamp Act McCain-Feingold Act Pendleton Act Emancipation Proclamation
Pendleton Act
Which newspaper, headed by Benjamin Franklin and often considered the foundation for modern American news coverage, included sensationalist stories? Philadelphia Gazette Public Occurrences New York Weekly Journal New York Sun
Philadelphia Gazette
In what type of society do battles over public policy by varied interest groups produce a consensus that serves the public's common interest? Pluralist Iron triangle Socialist Elitist
Pluralist
A group of voters concerned with the issue of climate change believes that the government will act in their best interest, but does not think what they do really matters. Given this information, which of the following statements is true about political trust and efficacy? Political trust and efficacy are low Political trust is low, whereas efficacy is high Political trust is high, whereas efficacy is low Political trust and efficacy are high
Political trust is high, whereas efficacy is low
In what election do voters choose candidates who will run on the party label in a general election? Caucus Ballot Party Primary
Primary
What type of interest group is created in response to an opening or opportunity for social, political, or economic changes? Pluralist Reactive Nonpartisan Proactive
Proactive
An electoral system that assigns party delegates according to vote share in a presidential primary election or that assigns seats in the legislature according to vote share in a general election is known as what? The winner-take-all system Closed primary Proportional representation Blanket primary
Proportional representation
Which form of political participation includes examples such as the Boston Tea Party, Occupy Wallstreet, and Black Lives Matter? Voter mobilization Freedom of the Press Digital participation Protest Politics
Protest Politics
Leroy grew up in a household with parents who voted in every election, national and local. Now as an adult, Leroy votes similarly, and when people ask him about his loyalty to the process, he simply tells them, "It is my duty to vote." Which model of voting does Leroy exemplify? Psychological Institutional Economic Hamiltonian
Psychological
The Sierra Club is the largest environmental interest group in the United States. When the group accomplishes its goals, everyone will benefit from cleaner air. In this example, which term best describes air? Public good Free rider problem Pluralism Selective benefits
Public good
One U.S. president read daily newspaper clippings, another held public meetings at the White House, and still another rode his horse into the countryside to talk to the people. Each of these presidents is attempting to influence what? Focus groups Popular vote A random sample Public opinion
Public opinion
What polling technique enabled George Gallup to predict correctly the outcome of the 1936 election? Confidence interval sample Restricted sample Biased sample Random sample
Random sample
What type of interest group forms in response to a perceived threat? Proactive Iron triangle Reactive Pluralist
Reactive
What is the term for people who have blue-collar jobs and support the Republican party because they believe in a conservative social agenda and a decreased role for government welfare-based programs? Bush Republicans Nixon Republicans Reagan Democrats Obama Democrats
Reagan Democrats
What is it called when state legislatures redraw district lines to try to keep districts equal in terms of population? Gerrymandering Microtargeting Pork-barreling Redistricting
Redistricting
A Republican representative from South Carolina resigned from office in 2013 to become the head of a conservative think tank called the Heritage Foundation. What concept does this example demonstrate? Revolving door Grassroots organization Watchdog group Iron triangle
Revolving door
Which Republican president attracted significant support from working-class, ethnic, northern, and southern white voters? George W. Bush George H. W. Bush Ronald Reagan Richard Nixon
Ronald Reagan
Vanishing marginals describe a trend of declining competition in elections. In this context, what are noncompetitive districts called? Term limits Presidential coattails Negative campaigning Safe seats
Safe seats
Mariella was a Democrat when she was young, but as she got older and began making more money she became a Republican because she believed Republicans have pursued tax policies that protect individual wealth. In this case, Mariella is choosing a political ideology based upon what? Self-interest Civic interest Generational effect Political trust
Self-interest
Which amendment allowed for the direct election of U.S. senators? Seventeenth Tenth Sixteenth Twelfth
Seventeenth
Which issue ignited the formation of the Republican Party? Education Unemployment Immigration Slavery
Slavery
Which Supreme Court case outlawed the practice of the white primary? Brown v. Board of Education Smith v. Allwright Griswold v. Connecticut Marbury v. Madison
Smith v. Allwright
Two people grow up in different states, eat different kinds of foods, and have different family traditions. Their families are different sizes, practice different religions, and have jobs in different sectors of the economy. Given these major life differences, which of the following terms best describes how each person will have different ideas about their family, community, and politics? Efficacy Socialization Ideology Polarization
Socialization
Which state elected Joseph Rainey, the first African American member of the House of Representatives? Virginia South Carolina North Carolina West Virginia
South Carolina
Which statement accurately describes the aim of the Constitution and the states in regard to elections? -The Constitution does not include information on the rules about voting in elections, leaving such choices to states. -The Constitution is specific about the dominant role of the federal government in holding elections, and the states play a limited role. -The Constitution divides the responsibility for holding elections equally between the federal government and the states. -The Constitution includes guidelines for all state and national elections, and it requires the national government to establish eligibility requirements for the states.
The Constitution does not include information on the rules about voting in elections, leaving such choices to states.
Which party established itself as the party for civil rights for African Americans in the 1960s? The Republican Party The Green Party The Federalists The Democratic Party
The Democratic Party
Which of the mass media eras occurred most recently? The Founding Era The Colonial Era The Professional Era The Partisan Era
The Professional Era
What did the Supreme Court case Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. (2007) determine? -The Supreme Court ruled that if a campaign advertisement could be reasonably viewed as issue based it was protected under the guarantee of free speech. -The Supreme Court upheld limits on donations to congressional campaigns. -The Supreme Court ruled that targeting a public figure does not constitute libel. -The Supreme Court ruled that limiting campaign spending for corporations was a violation of free speech.
The Supreme Court ruled that if a campaign advertisement could be reasonably viewed as issue based it was protected under the guarantee of free speech.
A highly qualified person is running for a seat on the House of Representatives. The candidate beats her opponents in the election but does not get 50 percent or more of the votes. In a single-member plurality system, what does this mean? -The candidate has not won yet and still needs to win the electoral college vote. -The candidate wins because only a plurality of votes is needed. -The candidate does not win. -The candidate wins a percentage of the representation based on the percentage of the candidate's votes.
The candidate wins because only a plurality of votes is needed.
What was the Supreme Court's ruling in McCutcheon et al. v. Federal Election Commission? -The court determined that unions can spend as much money as they want on issue ads. -The decision removed limits on how much money can be given to one candidate. -The decision ruled that an individual cannot contribute to every single candidate running for federal office. -The decision removed limits on the amount of money one individual could contribute to all federal elections.
The decision removed limits on the amount of money one individual could contribute to all federal elections.
Which phrase best defines political trust? -The extent to which people have attitudes or beliefs about certain issues -The extent to which people believe their actions can affect election outcomes -The extent to which people believe the government acts in their best interests -The extent to which people evaluate the job of the president or Congress
The extent to which people believe the government acts in their best interests
Which was a result of the Pentagon Papers Supreme Court decision? -No federal agencies can regulate electronic media, but they can regulate print media. -The government had not met and would have needed to meet an extraordinary burden of proof for prior restraint. -The government can prevent news stories by claiming publication would be detrimental to national security. -The media must submit controversial news stories to the courts prior to publication.
The government had not met and would have needed to meet an extraordinary burden of proof for prior restraint.
Which statement describes the relationship between income and voting? -Those who represent the annual median family income in the U.S. are most likely to vote. -The lower one's income, the more likely one is to vote. -The higher one's income, the more likely one is to vote. -Those with a high income and those with a low income are equally likely to vote.
The higher one's income, the more likely one is to vote.
What is the period before the primaries during which candidates attempt to capture party support and media coverage called? Open primaries The invisible primary Vanishing marginals General elections
The invisible primary
What is the entity that presents the vast array of sources of information that are available to the public? The penny press The news media The mass media Broadcast media
The mass media
During which event does the party name its presidential and vice-presidential candidates and lay out the party's plan for government? The Iowa caucus The national convention General elections The invisible primary
The national convention
The number of electoral votes a state receives corresponds to what? -The state's geographical area -The number of senators and members of the House of Representatives for the state -The popularity of the state's major political players -The number of major cities in the state
The number of senators and members of the House of Representatives for the state
What usually happens to total seats in the House of Representatives at the midterm elections? -The president's party usually loses seats. -The president's party usually gains seats. -The president's party gains about the same number of seats as it loses. -The present's party gains seats about half the time and loses seats the other half.
The president's party usually loses seats.
What is it called when a popular president running for reelection brings additional party candidates into office? The presidential coattails effect The midterm election effect Microtargeting Pork-barreling
The presidential coattails effect
According to journalist David Broder, what is the main factor that contributes to bias in the media? The influence of large corporations Pressure from the government The speed with which journalists must act The inability of journalists to recognize their own bias
The speed with which journalists must act
In December 2013, with President Barack Obama's popularity sagging and a struggling economy, many quality Democratic candidates decided not to run in the 2014 elections. What is this called? Microtargeting The strategic politician hypothesis Vanishing marginals The permanent campaign
The strategic politician hypothesis
In the 1960s, members of underrepresented groups such as women and African Americans objected to the Democratic Party's use of the unit rule to nominate presidents, which stated that whoever won the majority of primary or state nominating convention votes won all of the state's delegates. What is this rule called? Blanket primaries The winner-take-all system Superdelegate Proportional representation
The winner-take-all system
Which of the following statements best describes the party in government? -Voters have the option to register as Democrats or Republicans. -In some states, registered Democrats are only permitted to participate in Democratic primary elections. -There are Democrats and Republicans in Congress. -The Republican National Committee writes the Republican Party platform.
There are Democrats and Republicans in Congress.
Which of the following statements best describes a current trend regarding social media and how news is circulated? Soft news has decreased across media types. Propaganda is the most common form of media. Television news no longer engages in priming or framing. There has been a recent increase in fake news.
There has been a recent increase in fake news.
How do college graduates differ in their perspective about immigration reform when compared with those who have a high school education or less? -They feel similarly to those with a lower level of education about immigration reform. -They are more opposed to allowing illegal immigrants to become citizens. -They are less likely to be knowledgeable about this issue and tend to have no opinion. -They are more in favor of allowing illegal immigrants to become citizens.
They are more in favor of allowing illegal immigrants to become citizens.
In the earliest presidential elections, how did electors vote for president and vice president? -They rallied behind and voted for a party candidate, regardless of the candidate's political ideology. -Those voting within the District of Columbia were allowed to break any ties. -They cast ballots for their top two choices and then the winner became president, and the second-place finisher became vice president. -They selected the most popular (as opposed to qualified) candidate.
They cast ballots for their top two choices and then the winner became president, and the second-place finisher became vice president.
Why do candidates who are elected from third parties like Ross Perot and Ralph Nader have little influence in legislatures? They have no party organization to join in the legislature. They cannot be elected to the Senate. They are not allowed to speak in legislative sessions. They cannot participate in legislative votes.
They have no party organization to join in the legislature.
How did the Framers feel about the public's capacity to be politically informed and make good choices? -They were unsure about the public's ability but felt the public deserved a chance to participate in a true and complete democracy regardless. -They were concerned about the public's ability to make good political decisions. -They completely trusted the public's ability to make political decisions. -They felt that most of the public was trustworthy, although there were a few "bad eggs."
They were concerned about the public's ability to make good political decisions.
According to political scientists, what motivates people to get involved in political campaigns? To mobilize voters To register voters To discourage voters To influence voters
To influence voters
The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) considers itself the voice for radio and TV broadcasters across the United States. Specifically, it "advances the interests of our members in federal government, industry and public affairs; improves the quality and profitability of broadcasting; encourages content and technology innovation; and spotlights the important and unique ways stations serve their communities." What type of interest group is the NAB? Citizens' group Trade association Ideological interest group Nongovernmental organization
Trade association
Which amendment set the voting age at 18? Nineteenth Twenty-Sixth Sixteenth Twenty-Second
Twenty-Sixth
How long are terms for members of the House of Representatives? Four years Six years Eight years Two years
Two years
How does the average rate of voter turnout in the U.S. compare to that of other democracies? Voter turnout is lower. Voter turnout is much higher. Voter turnout is about the same. Voter turnout is slightly higher.
Voter turnout is lower.
Nearly three-fourths of which group of people vote in elections? Latino voters Voters with an annual income over $40,000 Voters with a college education Voters with a grade school education
Voters with a college education
The voting-age population measure has been in error because it has not considered increases in the number of immigrants and convicted felons who are ineligible to vote. What new measure corrects for these trends? Voting-eligible population Available voter Adjusted voter Legal voter
Voting-eligible population
What are controversial topics used in campaigns to break up an opponent's coalitions called? Position issues Wedge issues Valence issues Negative campaigning
Wedge issues
What have preliminary studies of twins suggested about the formation of political attitudes? -Political attitudes are not influenced by either socialization or genetics. -Genetics are irrelevant to the formation of political attitudes. -Genetics may play a role in the formation of political attitudes. -Early family socialization plays no role in the formation of political attitudes.
Genetics may play a role in the formation of political attitudes.
Which problem is most specific to internet polling? -It tends to have older sample populations because older people are more likely to be retired and therefore available. -It lacks security and is more likely to be tampered with by political campaigns. -It may be biased against older and poor Americans who are less likely to have internet access. -It may be biased against younger Americans who are more likely to move around frequently.
It may be biased against older and poor Americans who are less likely to have internet access.
Which president started his own newspaper to get his message out regarding issues of the day? George Washington James K. Polk Thomas Jefferson Theodore Roosevelt
James K. Polk
If a concerned citizen believes in equality and citizen participation values, and thinks that if more people are allowed to vote the government will be more responsive, which model of voting do they support? Economic model Hamiltonian model Jeffersonian model Psychological model
Jeffersonian model
To assess their educational skills, potential voters in 1960s Alabama were required to answer questions like these: Whose duty is it to keep Congress informed of the state of the union? In which document or writing is the "Bill of Rights" found? How many states were required to approve the original Constitution in order for it to be in effect? In what type of assessment were these potential voters participating? Invisible primaries Literacy tests Jim Crow laws Grandfather clauses
Literacy tests
Since the 1980s, the makeup company Mary Kay Inc. has been committed to ending domestic violence against women. In 2005, six sales directors drove to Washington, D.C. to persuade Congress to renew the Violence Against Women Act. What democratic and legitimate form of petitioning did the Mary Kay employees perform? Lobbying Protesting Campaigning Boycotting
Lobbying
Which of the following is an important consideration for interest groups to survive? Membership stability Electioneering Campaigning One policy priority
Membership stability
What are elections called that occur in between the four-year presidential election cycles? Vanishing marginals Midterm elections Invisible primaries General elections
Midterm elections
Which model for interpreting public opinion asserts that the news media does not have a lot of influence on the public's thinking about politics? Propaganda Broadcast media Not-so-minimal effects Minimal effects
Minimal effects
Which Supreme Court case limited the government's ability to suppress a news story? Near v. Minnesota Mapp v. Ohio Loving v. Virginia Gibbons v. Ogden
Near v. Minnesota
Which of the following is an example of a swing state? Massachusetts Tennessee Texas Ohio
Ohio
Teddy Roosevelt ran for president under which third party label? Progressive Green Democrat Federalist
Progressive
In 2016, the Republican Party controlled both the White House and Congress. Between 2016 and 2020, voters had high expectations and held the Republican party accountable for policy outcomes during that period. What is this standard of expectation among the electorate called? Divided government Responsible parties Single-member plurality Party caucuses
Responsible parties
What groups can raise and give an unlimited amount of money to political candidates? Interest groups 501(c)(3) organizations Super PACs PACs
Super PACs
Which women's suffrage advocate was arrested after her attempt to vote in 1872? Eleanor Roosevelt Victoria Claflin Woodhull Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Susan B. Anthony
Which political movement began with protests against the nearly $800 billion stimulus package, which Congress passed in 2009 in the hopes of ending the financial crisis that began in 2008? Women's Rights Civil Rights March for Our Lives Tea Party
Tea Party
What was wrong with the 1936 Literary Digest poll conducted during the presidential campaign? The wording was biased. It did not poll enough people. The poll was conducted too early in the campaign. The poll's sampling was biased.
The poll's sampling was biased.
What are noncontroversial issues that are not likely to differ between candidates called? Wedge issues Partisan issues Position issues Valence issues
Valence issues