POLS Final
redistributive
"Robin Hood" effect (take from the rich to give to the poor)
Pre-kingergarten programs College Scholarships
Money raised from Georgia's lottery can be used for what purposes?
President
Negotiates treaties
collective security and restraint
Obama foregin policy
Only in US federal government
Officers in the executive branch are appointed by the head
true
SUpreme court judges are appointed by the President and approved by the Senate
President
The clear leader for US foreign policy
Pass the state's operating budget
What is the most important funciton of the General Assembly?
state department
cabinet department
cabinet department
department of defense
Abraham Lincoln
ended slavery
state department
manages the Foreign Service
What is the primary job of the Lieutenant governor?
preside over the senate
congress
ratifies treaties
federal district court
the lowest level federal court
Preventative war
George W. Bush foreign policy
multilateralism
If the US works with the United Nations to carry out anti-terrorism initiatives around the world, the approach would be catagorized as
Governor
In the Georgia budget process, who is the first to submit a budget proposal
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Instituted the New Deal
the ability to approve or reject treaties
The senate has which of the following powers related to foerign relations?
He thought that defense spending should not be driven by private companies seeking commercial gain
Why did Eisenhower talk about the "military-industrial complex" in his farewell speech?
Medicaid
a health insurance program for low-income citizens
protectionism
a policy in which a country does not permit other countries to sell goods and services within its borders or charges them very high tariffs (import taxes) to do so
redistributive policy
a policy in which costs are born by a relatively small number of groups or individuals, but benefits are expected to be enjoyed by a different group in society
Keynesian economics
an economic policy based on the idea that economic growth is closely tied to the ability of individuals to consume goods
supply-side economics
an economic policy that assumes economic growth is largely a function of a country's productive capacity
laissez-faire
an economic policy that assumes the key to economic growth and development is for the government to allow private markets to operate efficiently without interference
commission system
an elected commission that serves as the governing body within a given county
council-administrator system
an elected council that appoints an administrator to oversee the operation of the county government
Medicare
an entitlement health insurance program for older people and retirees who no longer get health insurance through their work
treaty
an international agreement entered by the United States that requires presidential negotiation with other nation(s), consent by two-thirds of the Senate, and final ratification by the president
sole executive agreement
an international agreement that is not a treaty and that is negotiated and approved by the president acting alone
congressional executive agreement
an international agreement that is not a treaty and that is negotiated by the president and approved by a simple majority of the House and Senate
United Nations (UN)
an international organization of nation-states that seeks to promote peace, international relations, and economic and environmental programs
trustee
an officeholder who believes he or she was elected to exercise judgment and to know best by virtue of having the time and expertise to study and understand an issue
consecutive term limits
caps allowing a member of the legislature to serve for only a specified period of time in either the state house or senate and forcing a wait before the member can run again
distributive
collects payments from many but concentrates benefits on a few
redistributive
costs are born by one group and benefits are reaped by another group
William Henry Harrison
died of a cold after 1 month
redistributive
ecample: supplementary nutrional aid program (SNAP or food stamps)
state appellate court
examines whether the law has been applied correctly in a state trial court case
federal court of appeal
examines whether the law has been applied correctly in federal district courts
regulatory
example: creation of the U.S. Food and drug administration (FDA)
distribuitve
example: government giving lands to private companies to build a railroad
regulatory
example: government preventing monopolies from forming
distributive
example: governmetn assistance to farmers and food producers
regulatory
example: rules to prevent excessive air pollution by manufacturers
redistributive
example: temporary assistance for needy families (TANF)
independent regulatory commission
federal communication commission
mandatory spending
government spending earmarked for entitlement programs guaranteeing support to those who meet certain qualifications
regulatory
overseeing private companies in a way that protects the public
excise taxes
taxes applied to specific goods or services as a source of revenue
Colorado
what state? Has 40-50% women in the state legislature (2019)
7 levels
According to the 1983 Constitution of Georgia, how many levels of courts exist in the judicial branch?
General Services Administration
After eleceltion of a new president, who oversees the logistics of the transition to a new administration, including things such as IT support and office assignments? A. attorney general B. Office of Management and Budget C. The VP D. General services administration
the informal alliance between the U.S. government and defense contractors who produce weapons and military technology
After watching the video, what do you think the "military-industrial complex" means?
government corporation
Amtrak
presidents who come after
An executive order issued by the President can be overturned by which of the following? A. the VP B. the attorny general C. Presidents who come after D. indivdual states
independent agency
CIA
Only in georgia state government
Constitutional officers of the executive branch are elected
Congress
Contains the House Foreign Affairs Committee
Jimmy Carter
Created the Merit system protection board to defend merit-based recruitment/promotion
Thomas Jefferson
Doubled amount of US land
Harry S. Truman
Dropped atomic bomb on Japan
b. Democrats refused to proceed with the bill, and since it takes 60 votes to invoke cloture and stop debate, they could filibuster the bill to stop its passage.
During the government shutdown, Republicans held the majority in the Senate but had fewer than 60 votes. What prevented them from passing the spending bill? a. Spending bills must have a two-thirds majority to be passed. b. Democrats refused to proceed with the bill, and since it takes 60 votes to invoke cloture and stop debate, they could filibuster the bill to stop its passage. c. President Trump argued that the bill must be bipartisan, or he would veto it. d. President Trump was unable to convince Senate Republicans to compromise, so Republicans pulled the bill.
it wanted to increase hi-tech skills in the population in order to compete with the Soviet Union.
Education policy has been focused at the state level, but involvement of the federal government started to increase after World War II, because...
True
Executive privilege, the presudents right to withold information from Congress, is stated in Article II of the Constitution A. True B. False
Vice President
Exists to succeed president and break ties in the Senate
Democrats from rural counties in the southern part of the state
From 1930 until today, Georgia's governors have most often been ..
False
Georgia's governor is responsible for appointing the Attorney General and Secretary of State
John F. Kennedy
Handled the Cuban Missle Crisis
in both US and Georgia governments
Has a Bill of Rights in the Constitution
In both US and georgia governmetns
Has a Constitution
In both US and Georgia governments
Has a bicameral legislature with a House and a Senate
in both US and Georgia governments
Has legislstive, executive, and judicial branches
Congress
Has the power to declare war, per the Consitution
Department of Defense
Houses the US armed services (army, navy, air force)
He thought it was important and had wanted to make this speech for over two years.
How did President Eisenhower feel about making this speech?
The Georgia Bill of Rights includes some liberties that are not mentioned by the US constitution
How does the Georgia Bill of Rights differ from the US Bill of Rights ?
Elected by all the voters of the state
How is the Lieutentant Governor determined?
10
How many state Constitutions has Georgia had in its history
Every 2 years
How often do Georgia voters elect members of the legislature ?
seperation of powers
Kavanaugh emphasizes the importance of judicial independence when refusing to answer one senator's question about presidential power. What key aspect of American government does judicial independence promote?
1. security of citizens 2. access to key resources and markets 3. maintaining a balance of power 4. protection of human rights
List the 4 main goals of US foreign policy.
Woodrow Wilson
Only President with a PhD
James Buchanan
Only bachelor President
deterrence and containment
Presidents during the Cold War foregin policy
going public
Presidents have many internal powers. one example is when they use popular appeals over broadcast media to create suuport for their agenda. This tactic is called A. mass appeal B. going public C. going popular D. base appeal
Local governments and private charities
Prior to the New Deal of the 1930s, who were the primary parties that funded the welfare system in the U.S.?
judicial review
Several senators ask Kavanaugh questions about his beliefs and opinions on issues like presidential power and abortion laws. What Supreme Court power allows it to affect acts and laws put forth by other branches of government?
noncontributory
Supplemental nutrition assistance program (SNAP)
c. The Senate bill would have to go back to the House, and the House would have to vote again to accept the Senate's changes.
Suppose Republicans and Democrats in the Senate had agreed to a compromise bill that included some of what both parties wanted but that this bill now differed from the spending bill passed by the House. What would have to happen for the compromise bill to become law? a. President Trump would need to sign the bill he preferred; the original House bill, or the compromise Senate bill. b. Nothing; Senate bills take precedence over House bills, so the Senate bill would go to the President. c. The Senate bill would have to go back to the House, and the House would have to vote again to accept the Senate's changes. d. The Supreme Court would need to intervene to determine which changes are constitutional and which are not.
Only in Georgia state government
Supreme court members are for a 6 year term
National Security Council
Synthesizes messages out of bureaucracy to help the President
Congress
Tends to focus more on domestic policy than foreign policy
D. preside over the senate, casting a tie-breaking vote when necessary
The Vp has two roles (formally) first, to succeed the president in case of death, resignation, or incapactity,and second to,, A. advise the president on matters of state B. manage the federal departments so chosen by the president C. provide the presidential candidate with electoral votes in hard to win states D. preside over the senate, casting a tie-breaking vote when necessary
in both US and Georgia governments
The head of the executive branch is elected every 4 years
Executive agreements
The majority of international agreements into which the US enters are not treaties but__
the shadow welfare state.
The middle class receives social benefits from their employers which are subsidized by the federal government through tax deductions. This is referred to as...
only in US federal government
The name of the legislative branch is Congress
judicial
The presidents power to grant pardons is an example of his/her ____ powers A. judicial B. Legislative C. military D. domestic
head of government
The presidents role as the lead in US foreign policy is known as ___ A. chief legislator B. Head of government C. head of state D. head of nation
There is a limit of 159 counties, but no limit on the number of cities or special districts
There are three types of local government in Georgia- counties, cities, and special districts. How does the constitution of Georgia limit the number of those local governmetns?
Chief of Staff
Traditioannly advises President and manages White house staff
Millard Filmore
Was VP until President died
A person must be at least 30 years old, a US citizen for 15 years, and a Georgia resident for 6 years
What are the eigibility requirements to be elected as governor of Georgia
1. Bill is introduced to Senate and sent to a Senate committee for markup and gets approved by vote 2. Bill goes to Senate floor for debate and passes by majority vote 3. Bill goes to House and sent to committee for markup and approval 4. Bill goes to Rules Committee for scheduling 5. Bill goes to House floor for debate and ammendments 6. Bill goes to conference committee 7. Compromise bill sent to both House adn Seante and passes by majority vote 8. President signs the bill
What are the steps for how a bill becomes a law?
a result of World War II and the Korean War
What did Eisenhower indicate was the reason for the emergence of the military-industrial complex?
the rise of misplaced power in the commercial defense industry which could increase defense spending and promote war
What do you gather is Eisenhower's concern about the "military-industrial complex"?
various high level talks involving leaders of north korea, south korea, and the US
What has been the result of US efforts of diplomacy with North Korea regarding thier nuclear weapons program?
C. the president signing legislation while also noting how the new law will be interpreted
What is a signing statement? A. a directive to a particular government agency B. a public proclamation that does not require congressional approval C. the president signing legislation while also noting how the new law will be interpreted D. thepresident signing legislation but vetoing particular segments of the bill
two-thirds vote in both the house and the senate
What is required in order to override a presidential veto? A. two-thirds vote in both the house and the senate B. a three quarters vote in both the House and the Senate C. a simple majority vote in the house and the senate D. a simple majority vote in the House and two thirds vote in the senate.
Education
What is the single largest spending area in Georgia's budget?
Gerald Ford
What president pardoned his predecessor
State taxes (income tax, sales tax, motor fuel tax)
Where does the majority of Georgia's revenue come from?
National Sercurity council
Which White House unit oversees the vast foregin policy establishment and synthesizes messages arising out of the breaucracy of the President?
Departmetn of Homeland Security
Which department was created in response to the terrorist attacks on september 11, 2001?
c. protection for undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children
Which issue did Democratic senators demand be included in the spending bill? a. children's health insurance b. short-term spending agreement c. protection for undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children d. funding for the U.S.-Mexico border wall
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Which of the following groups approve the spending proposals from executive agencies? A. Executive Office of the President (EOP) B. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) C. National Security Council (NSC) D. Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
White House Chief of Staff
Which of the following presidential slections is not subject to senate approval? A. White House Chief of Staff B. US Supreme Court Justice C. Attorney General D. Director of the CIA
D. The president may deploy troops in a state. If the president deems it necessary to maintain an essential national service during an emergency
Which of the following statements about the presidents domestic military powers is true? A. there is not presidential power for domestic use of force B. Presidents are obligated to employ national troops if a governor makes such a request C. The constitution puts no restraints on the presidents use of domestic force D. The president may deploy troops in a state. If the president deems it necessary to maintain an essential national service during an emergency
Most Presidents have served while between the ages of 50 and 60
Which of the following statements is true about the diversity of American Presidents? A. There has only been one Jewish President B. Most Presidents have served while between the ages of 50 and 60 C. The majority of Presidents were previsouly business men D. More Presidents have been Democrat than Republican
containment
Which of the following terms refers to a policy meant to thwart the political expansion of a hostile country?
Superior courts
Which type of court in Georgia has exclusive jurisdiction over trials in felony cases, divorce, equity, and cases pertaining to land?
the heads of major federal departments
Who makes up the Cabinet ? A. the heads of major federal government departments B. White House staffers C. the presidents close personal and political associates D. the VP and national security advisers
council-elected executive system
a county government in which voters elect both the members of the council and the executive
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
a cross-national military organization with bases in Belgium and Germany formed to maintain stability in Europe
moralistic political culture
a culture that views the government as a means to better society and promote the general welfare
individualistic political culture
a culture that views the government as a mechanism for addressing issues that matter to individual citizens and for pursuing individual goals
traditionalistic political culture
a culture that views the government as necessary to maintaining the existing social order or the status quo
charter
a document that provides a framework and detailed account of local government responsibilities and areas of authority
liberal internationalism
a foreign policy approach of becoming proactively engaged in world affairs by cooperating in a community of nations
isolationism
a foreign policy approach that advocates a nation's staying out of foreign entanglements and keeping to itself
foreign policy
a government's goals in dealing with other countries or regions and the strategy used to achieve them
pardon
a governor's action to absolve someone of blame for a crime and secure his or her release from prison
reduction veto
a governor's authority to reduce the amount budgeted in a piece of legislation
Dillon's Rule
a legal principle that holds state power and actions above those of local governments and declares state governments to be sovereign relative to local governments
delegate legislator
a legislator who represents the will of those who elected him or her to office and acts in their expressed interest, even when it goes against a personal belief about what is ultimately in the constituency's best interest
free trade
a policy in which a country allows the unfettered flow of goods and services between itself and other countries
neo-isolationism
a policy of distancing the United States from the United Nations and other international organizations, while still participating in the world economy
selective engagement
a policy of retaining a strong military presence and remaining engaged across the world
distributive policy
a policy that collect payments or resources broadly but concentrates direct benefits on relatively few
regulatory policy
a policy that regulates companies and organizations in a way that protects the public
entitlement
a program that guarantees benefits to members of a specific group or segment of the population
lifetime ban
a rule that members can serve only one time in the state legislature for the number of years allotted and may not run again
free-market economics
a school of thought that believes the forces of supply and demand, working without any government intervention, are the most effective way for markets to operate
balance of power
a situation in which no one nation or region is much more powerful militarily than any other in the world
Social Security
a social welfare policy for people who no longer receive an income from employment
line-item veto
a state governor's ability to strike out a line or individual portions of a bill while letting the remainder pass into law
bottom-up implementation
a strategy in which the federal government allows local areas some flexibility to meet their specific challenges and needs in implementing policy
top-down implementation
a strategy in which the federal government dictates the specifics of public policy and each state implements it the same exact way
mayor-council system
a structure of government in which both city council members and the mayor are elected by voters
council-manager system
a structure of government in which elected members of the city council appoint a city manager to carry out administrative functions
regressive tax
a tax applied at a lower overall rate as individuals' income rises
progressive tax
a tax that tends to increase the effective tax rate as the wealth or income of the tax payer increases
recession
a temporary contraction of the economy in which there is no economic growth for two consecutive quarters
amendatory veto
a veto that allows a governor to send a bill back to the legislature with a message requesting a specific amendment
safety net
a way to provide for members of society experiencing economic hardship
true
a writ of ceritorari allows a case to be heard by the US Supreme Court
President
appoints ambassadors
donald trump
called for deep budget cuts and reorganizations throughout the executive branch
discretionary spending
government spending that Congress must pass legislation to authorize each year
only in georgia state government
has had 10 Constitutions
National security council
headed by the national security advisor
barack obama
held a deep beleif in employing scientific expertise in government service
Spending was about $1 trillion more than revenues
in 2019, how did revenues compare with spending (outlays) in the federal budget?
executive privilege
in recent years, presidents have made more use of ___ in order to alter or influence the application of the laws they sign A. executive privilege B. signing statements C. the presidential memo D. executive agreements
White house staff
includes advisors, specail assistants, press secretary
the cabinet
includes department of justice
independent agencies
includes the CIA
Executive office of the president
includes the offic eof management and budget
false
justices of the US Supreme court serve 6 year terms
executive agreement
made between the president and another country without consent of the Senate
additinak government spending stimulates the economy
many modern economists beleive that during times of economic decline the government should actually run a deficit because,
noncontributory
medicaid
contributory
medicare
soft power
nonmilitary tools used to influence another country, such as economic sanctions
policy advocates
people who actively work to propose or maintain public policy
libertarians
people who believe that government almost always operates less efficiently than the private sector and that its actions should be kept to a minimum
policy analysts
people who identify all possible choices available to a decision maker and assess the potential impact of each
home rule
principle that provides local governments some degree of independence from the state government, typically detailed in a charter
Executive order
rule treated as law without going through the lawmaking process of Congress
term limits
rules that restrict the length of time a member can serve in the state legislature
independent regulatory commission
securities and exchange commission
contributory
social security
bill clinton
started the national performance review to focus on best practices in management
cabinet department
state department
signing agreement
statement meant to influence how a signed law should be enforced
nonstate actors
terrorist groups that threaten American security are classified as
false
the US Supreme court must rule on every appeal filed with it
deficit
the annual amount by which expenditures are greater than revenues
neoconservatism
the belief that, rather than exercising restraint, the United States should aggressively use its might to promote its values and ideals around the world
public policy
the broad strategy government uses to do its job; the relatively stable set of purposive governmental behaviors that address matters of concern to some part of society
only in US federal government
the chief of the executive branch must be a natureal born US citizen
Congressional Budget Office
the congressional office that scores the spending or revenue impact of all proposed legislation to assess its net effect on the budget
false
the constitution dicatates that the US Supreme Court should have 9 justices
deterrence
the development of military strength in order to discourage attacks is known as:
containment
the effort by the United States and Western European allies, begun during the Cold War, to prevent the spread of communism
diplomacy
the establishment and maintenance of a formal relationship between countries
state trial court
the first court to hear a criminal or civil case
liberal internationalism
the foreign policy approach that emphasizes proactive engagement in world affairs and cooperation in a community of nations is called?
Only in Georgia state government
the house of representatives has 180 members
social security
the largest expense for the federal government in 2019 was...
individual income taxes
the largest source of revenue for the US federal government in 2019 was..
Only in Georgia state government
the name of the legislative branch is the General Assembly
US supreme court
the only federal court established by the Constitution
Cold War
the period from shortly after World War II until approximately 1989-1990 when advanced industrial democracies divided behind the two superpowers (East: Soviet Union, West: United States) and the fear of nuclear war abounded
false
the power of judicial review is given to the US Supreme Court by the Constitution
balance of trade
the relationship between a country's inflow and outflow of goods
true
the solicitor general will screen out undeserving litigation for all cases in which the government is a party before an appeal can be sent to the Supreme Court
the period of struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union between the late 1940s and the late 1980s
the term cold war refers to..?
two presidencies thesis
the thesis by Wildavsky that there are two distinct presidencies, one for foreign and one for domestic policy, and that presidents are more successful in foreign than domestic policy
debt
the total amount the government owes across all years
hard power
the use or threat of military power to influence the behavior of another country
formal powers
those powers a governor may exercise that are specifically outlined in the state constitution or state law
implied powers
those powers not specifically detailed in the U.S. Constitution but inferred as necessary to achieve the objectives of the national government
expressed powers
those powers specifically provided to the Congress and the president in the U.S. Constitution
In the news clip, why must then-Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh appear before the Senate Judiciary Committee to answer questions?
to fulfill the Senate's role of advising and consenting to presidential appointments
contributory
unemployment insurance
George W. Bush
used contracting/privatization to reduce the bureaucracy including military functions
bully pulpit
using positiojn of the presidency to focus media attention on an issue
isolationism
washington and monroe foreign policy
the program is financed by madatory contributions of participants
what does it mean for a federal social welfare program to be contributory
Government subsidies at the state and federal level have contributed to solar energt becoming the cheapest form of electricity in the US
what has been the impact of US domestic policy on solar energy?
Oklahoma
what state? Has lifetime ban (legislators may serve only once for the allotted number of years)
New Hampshire
what state? Largest number of members in states House (400)
Nebraska
what state? Only state to have one chamber in the legislature (unicameral)
Pennsylvania
what state? has one of the most professional legislatures (full-time, high salary, large staff)
Alaska
what state? smallest number of members in the state house (40)
isolationsim
what was american foreign policy based on during the 18th and 19 century?
distributive
when long-term benefit to a private good but upfront cost is too high
A. Office of Management and Budget
which of the following is the largest agency of the executive office of the president ? A. Office of Management and Budget B. Council of Economic advisers C. National security council D. Environmental protection agency
ambassadors
which of the following roles is meant to formalize diplomatic relations in US foreign policy?
executive privilege
withholding information in the public interest
