Posi 2320 exam 1
The inevitable discovery exception
- Allows admission of tainted evidence in certain cases - states that exclusion of physical evidence that would have been found anyway has no effect on the fairness of a trial - was developed in the case of Nix v. Williams (1984)
Which of the following Hispanic politicians were top contenders for the republican presidential nomination?
-Ted cruz -Marco Rubio
Among the laws giving women greater equality in society were laws prohibiting
-certain employers from paying women less than men for doing the same job -sexual discrimination in access to financial credit -sexual discrimination in higher education
Which of the following are primary socializing agents for children that can have a formative influence on children's beliefs?
-family -school -religious organizations
Some critics argue that which of the following have weakened the exclusionary rule almost to the point that it applies only to extreme forms of police misconduct?
-inevitable discovery exception -good faith exception -plain view exception
Support for poverty programs is highest among which religious denominations?
-jews -catholics
In Hamadan v. Rumsfeld (2006), the Supreme Court ruled that enemy combatant detainees were protected by which of the following
-the US Uniform Code of Military Justice -the Geneva Convention
Which of the following are rights gays and lesbians had to fight for in the US?
-the right to have the same benefits as traditional couples -the right to openly enlist in the military
Which of the following accurately describes Native Americans today?
-they are less than half likely as other Americans to have completed college -Casino gamboling has raised Native Americans' average income level, but it is still far below the national average
Democratic voters tend to live in which of the following regions
-west coast -northern midwest -northeast
Despite the courts ruling in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, by the 1970s ____ percent of black children were still attending schools that were mostly of entirely black.
95
Free Exercise Clause
A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion.
In Mapp v. Ohio, the Supreme Court extended the constitutional protection against unreasonable search and seizure to action by _____ government
State
In which 2014 case did the Supreme Court rule that companies that are "closely held" (only a few owners) are not required to provide their employees with birth control if they object on religious grounds?
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby
In order for an affirmative action program to be upheld as constitutional, the Supreme Court requires hat government prove what kind of interest?
Compelling
Which of the following refers to a situation in which multiple group loyalties diminish a persons identification with a single group
Crosscutting
______ refers to wether people have a pro or con position on an issue
Direction
When does the process of political socialization start
Early childhood
Research indicates that peer influence can
Encourage those without opinions to conform to the group
Which proposed amendment to the constitution was passed by the congress in 1971 but failed to receive the necessary 3/4 majority?
Equal rights amendment
Match the Supreme Court case with the freedom incorporated into the states
Fiske v. Kansas- freedom of speech Near v. Minnesota- freedom of press Hamilton v. Regents, U of C- freedom of religion Dejonge v. Oregon- freedom of assembly
The first amendment clause barring the government from passing any laws that prohibit an individuals practice of his or her religion is known as the ______ clause
Free-exercise
Under which of the following Supreme Court cases did part of the bill of rights first become incorporated to apply to actions by the states?
Gitlow v. New York
The current standard used to determine whether the establishment clause has been violated is known as the __________ test
Lemon
The Supreme Court has stated that in order for an affirmative action program to be upheld, the program must be
Narrowly tailored
Which constitutional amendment granted women the right to vote?
Nineteenth amendment
A public opinion _______ is designed to estimate the views or sentiments of the public
Poll
Which method of sampling gives everyone in a population an equal chance of being interviewed
Random sampling
Through various methods of random _____, pollsters attempt to select a subset of the population that is representative of the populations views
Sampling
Which of the following acts of legislation gave government increased authority to examine medical, financial, and student records and increased surveillance of communications without a warrant or court order?
The USA Patriot Act
In terms of political socialization, which of the following is considered a primary agent?
The family
today most of the guarantees in the bill of rights are protected from action by which of the following
The federal and state governments
Which of the following allows the admission into trial of otherwise excludable evidence if the evidence was obtained by police who thought they were following proper procedure?
The good faith exception
Why do men and women differ in their political opinions
Their political opinions reflect their gendered positions in society, which tend to differ
In Hamden v. Rumsfeld, the Supreme Court ruled that the use of secret military tribunals to try detainees accused of terrorism was _____, as detainees were entitled to a trial affording all the guarantees contained in the constitution.
Unconstitutional
What demographic group is most likely to support same-sex marriage?
Younger adults