positive psychology terminology
characteristics of flow
involved in the activity/absorbed; complete concentration sense of control loss of self consciousness distortion of the passing of time autotelic nature of the experience (do it bc you want to) challenging, requires a skill clear goals and immediate feedback
self efficacy
involves the belief in ones capacity to produce desired effects and outcomes by ones own actions
autonomous motivation
operating when we are compelled to engage in some activity for its own sake, regardless of any external reward. -internal to you, you value it. -intrinsic, increases well being
satisfaction with life
addresses a more global judgement about the "rightness' of your life.
biology
-neurotransmitters (increased dopamine=happier) -genetics (well being is heredity) -hormones (oxytocin - social bonding, trust, emo support)
positive institutions
-at the group or social level addresses issues such as development of civic virtues, creation of healthy families, and healthy work envrionments. -positive community to live in -investigates how institutions can work better to support and nurture all of the citizens they impact.
positive individual traits ART BOOTH
-at the individual level more positive behavioral patterns/traits seen in people over time. -includes the development/ability of aesthetic sensibility, tap into creative potential, and drive the pursuit of excellence. -confidence, altruism, integrety, persistence
positive subjective states ART BOOTH
-at the subjective level positive emotions such as happiness, joy, satisfaction with life, relaxation, love, intimacy, and contentment. -constructive thoughts about the future such as optimism and hope. -feelings of energy, vitality and confidence
happiness set point
-average level of happiness baseline level of well being that is determined by genetics (hereditary). return to this after temporary highs and lows.
mindfulness
-increased awareness -no multitasking -present focused -non judgemental -acceptance of what is occurring -gentleness towards self -aware of your subjective experience of an event
approach goals
-moving toward -increases well being -concrete goals with measurable progress
cognition
-perspective on time (future oriented-work on goals, present-live for the moment. -positive-negative balance (interpret a challenging event in positive ways) -meaning (positive interpretations of events can lead to a sense of meaning in life)
behavior
-self-regulation -character, virtues (how we treat others is the foundation of ethics, well-being, and morality. majority of efforts should be focused on strengths.)
social comparison process
-set a standard of what we should be like and then see how close we are to that -compare ourselves with other people.
socio-cultural
-social norms (society dictates emotional reactions) -culture (how we experience emotions is determined by this) -social setting (people regulate their moods based on their understanding of the situation)
top down theory
-theory that we bring our tendencies toward positive interpretations to situations we encounter in life. -reflects how we evaluate and interpret our experiences. -measured by looking at personality traits, attitudes, and cognitions.
bottom up theory
-theory that we create an overall assessment of our current well being by examining how satisfied we are with domains of life and then combine the various satisfactions into a totality of our current well being. -basically a summary statement of our overall satisfaction taken from different areas of our life.
hedonic treadmil
a rise in personal income usually translates into greater expectations about what one needs to be happy.
future oriented
a way to orient yourself in time -better delay gratification and work toward long-term goals than more present-oriented ones.
self determination theory
certain ingerent tendencies toward psychological growth along with a core croup of innate emotional needs are the basis for self-motivation and personality integration. -competence (mastery of experiences to deal with your environment effectively) -relatedness (mutaually supportive interpersonal relationships) -autonomy (the need to make independent decisions most important to you)
the four components of emotion
cognitions biology socio-cultural behavioral
complete mental health
combination of emotional well being, high psychological well being, and high social well being along with low mental illness
virtues
common themes of traits valued world wide -these assist us with coping and adapting in difficult circumstances. -assist us in growing
intrinsic goals
degree of fit between goals and your values. -increases motivation, commitment, pos. view of goal, and well being.
peak performance
describes those moments when we perform at a level beyond our normal level of functioning, more efficient, more creative, more productive or better than your ordinary behavior. -not an activity but a high level of fuctioning.
Basic modes of fulfillment
efficiency creativity inner harmony relatedness self transcendence
the good life
entails the consideration of factors that lead to the greatest satisfaction, contentment, and well being. -it is what holds the greatest value in life combinations of: -connections to others -positive individual traits -life regulation qualities (self control/regulate emotions)
positive psych
focuses on communities
autonomous motivation impacts
health, work, relationships, religion. persistence, creativity, self esteem, and well being.
flourishing
high levels of well being
strengths most associated with well being
hope zest curiosity sense of humor
character
how we conduct ourselves as members of a society -traits -some may be valued more world wide than others
happiness
how you feel about your world and yourself
eudaemonic
living up to values that are consistent with your beliefs -higher for work than for pleasure
sustainable happiness model
long term happiness is a function of: 1. ones set point 2. circumstantial factors (where you live etc) 3. intentional activity (how you spend your time) -change activities=inc wellbeing -goals must fit persons interests and values
subject self report
measuring well being/asses self-perceptions of happiness by: -comaring oneself with others -respond to questions about how your life is ideal -select a scale of your happiness based on cartoon faces.
present focus
most important orientation in time live for the moment
low neuroticism
not having high levels of fear, anxiety, moodiness, envy, worries.
emotional creativity
people can use their emotions in creative ways that foster a greater sense of meaning, vitality, and connectedness in life.
five elements of the well being theory
positive emotion engagement relationships meaning accomplishments
broaden-and-build model
positive emotions broaden our awareness and the build upon resultant learning to create future emotional and intellectual resources.
undoing hypothesis
positive emotions help both the body and the mind regain a sense of balance, flexibility, and equilibrium after the impact of negative emotions.
flow and subjective well being
positive relationship of lesiure activities and subj. well being. more time in flow =greater experience at the end of the day flow=makes one feel better about oneself
hedonic
pure pleasure, pure enjoyment principle that defines happiness as based on values and virtues. -higher for pleasure than for work
quality of life therapy
rate satisfaction in 16 areas of life
time affluence
refers to a perception that one has enough time for leisure and activities that are personally meaningful.
life regulation qualities TGL
regulate day to day behavior so we can accomplish goals and enrich people and institutions along the way. sense of individuality or autonomy healthy self control presence of wisdom as a guide to behavior
six dimensional structure to measure well being
self acceptance personal growth positive relations with other people autonomy purpose in life environmental mastery
positive individual traits TGL
sense of integrity ability to play ability to be creative presence of virtues like courage and humility
self actualization
some people could achieve their maximum potential
positive connections to others "The Good Life"
the ability to love presence of altruistic concerns ability to forgive presence of spiritual connections
emotional intelligence
the ability to recognize the meanings of emotions and their relationships and to reason and problem solve on the basis of them.
devine command theory
the approach to the search for happiness.
signature strengths
the most important strengths for an individual
positive psychology ART BOOTH
the scientific study of positive human functioning and flourishing on multiple levels that include the biological, personal, relational, institutional, cultural, and global dimensions of life. -focuses on human strengths, how people can flourish and be successful
well being theory
theory that argues that positive emotion, engagement, and meaning are not sufficient to cover the dimensions of a life well lived. -five elements: PERMA -seligman
cognitive therapy
therapy helping people change negative styles of thinking as a way to change how they feel.
how to increase happiness
three good things and what caused them letter of gratitude use a via strength smile more preform acts of kindness write about your best possible self
learned optimism ART BOOTH
trying to take a different perspective can be learned and taught. can be more optimistic by paying attention to how they explain life events to themselves. -seligman -people can unlearn negative styles of thinking
strengths
unique positive qualities we each have, which we bring to our encounters both with other people and with ourselves. -top achievers use these
hope
well being is enhanced with people have well-developed goals and believe they have the capacities and resources to reach them. -have clear goals and make numerous paths to them and be personally meaningful -set goals must be specific measurable and achievable. -helps us focus on more concrete and immediate goals that lead to greater happiness.
systems theory (biopsychological model)
what motivates you -look at friends, you, family, community
controlled motivation
when we act to obtain some external reward, be it status, praise, money, or another incentive that comes from outside ourselves. -decrease well being -extrinsic, not congruent with values