Practical Research 2

Which of the following descriptions exemplifies a scientific relationship

Children who receive frequent teacher approval are more likely to stay on task

What are the commonly used ways to clarify unclear terms in aresearch question?

Constitutive definitions, definitions by example, and operational definitions

Which term measures the extent to which scores from a test can be used to infer or predict performance in some activity

Construct validity

A qualitative research problem statement

Conveys a sense of emerging design

Adopting ethical principles in research means

Deception is only used when necessary

Which of the following is not a professional guideline concerning the use of deception

Deception is permitted in studies involving children with parental consent

Which form of reasoning isnthe process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises

Deductive reasoning

The variable is influenced by the independent variable

Dependent

Which of the following is a good research question

Do students with high levels of self-efficacy demonstrate more active job searching behaviors

Which of the following is a good research question

Does the phonics or the whole-language approach to reading lead to higher achievement

An appropriate source to find out descriptive information is _______

Encyclopedia

A radical perspective on ethics suggests that

Ethics should be based on self-reflexivity

"Controlled group" is a term used in

Experimental research

Which of the following would not be appropriate synonym for the dependent variable

Experimental variable

A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to influence job-seeking behaviors. The main purpose of the study was:

Explanation

Cyber bullying at work is a growing threat to employee job satisfaction. Researchers want to find out why people do this and how they feel about it. The primary purpose of the study is:

Exploration

Good research questions are

Feasible, clear, significant, and ethical

Researchers need to be familiar with these three basic types of sources

General references, primary resources, adn secondary resources

Sometimes a comprehensive review of the literature prior to data collection is not recommended by:

Grounded theory

This federal agency has the major responsibility for establishing the guidelines for research involving human subjects

Health and human services

Interviewing is the favored approach EXCEPT when

High numbers of respondents are needed

In conducting secondary data analysis, researchers should ask themselves all of the following EXCEPT

How can respondents be re-interviewed?

Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?

Identification of problem

Which of the following is an example of unethical practices

If some of the results in a research study are different from the others, it is okay to delete the different ones

Which of the following is not one of the steps involved in a literature review

Ignore secondary sources

In preparing for a presentation, you should do all of the following EXCEPT

Ignore your nerves

The primary advantage that the world wide web has brought to literature review is

Immediate access to a wide variety of current materials

Which variables are those that a researcher chooses to study in order to assess their possible effects on one or more other variables

Independent

The variable manipulated by the researcher in an experiment is called the

Independent variable

Whcih research method is bottom-up approach to research?

Inductive method

If a researcher innterviews a principal about the characteristics of the district superintendent, the principal is a

Informant

What is bibliometry

Information management tool

A theory:

Is an accumulated body of knowledge

Which of the following should not be a criterion for a good research project

Is independent on the completion of other projects

Which of the following is not a good research question

Is it good to include civics courses in the high school curriculum

Qualitative research is used in all the following circumstances EXCEPT

It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest

The most directly pertinent information to read in a literature review will usually come form

Journal articles and research reports

Which of the following is an example of a disadvantage of searching the World Wide Web

Lack of credibility

In order for a question to qualify as a research question, the researcher must be able to

Make observations and then analyze these to find an answer

What are the two main ways to do a literature research

Manually and electronically with a computer

In qualitative research, sampling that involves selecting diverse cases is refered to as:

Maximum variation sampling

The significance level

Measures the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis

Research that uses qualitative methods for one phase and quantitative methods for the next phase is known as

Mixed-method research

Validity in interviews is strengthened by the following EXCEPT

Multiple questions cover the same theme

Which of the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?

Numerical Aptitude

A meta-analysis is a method researchers use to

Obtain a complete set of references about a specified topic

One researcher classified the participants as "good", "average", or "poor" readers. This researcher used

Ordinal scale

Information is...

Organized data

Plagiarism can be avoided by

Paraphrasing the author's text in your own words

Inductive logic proceeds from:

Particular to General

Which of the following descriptor combinations will produce the most references

Peer editing or peer groups or writing instruction

Which of the following is one type of subject completed instrument used in educational research

Performance tests

Whcih of the following is not on the five types of researcher-completed intruments used in educational research

Personality or character inventory

Conference proceedings are considered as _______ documents

Primary

An instrument that could be used to grade pottery that students created in a visual art class is

Product rating scale

The five types of researcher-completed instruments used in educational research are

Rating scales, tally sheets, flowcharts, performance checklists, interview schedules

To predict the value of the dependent variable for a new case based on the knowledge of one or more independent variables, we would use

Regression analysis

Which of the following is not ethical practice in research with humans

Requiring participants to continue until the study has been completed

The ethical principle that data collected from subjects should be kept confidential means that

Researchers should never reveal the names of participants when they report results

In the process of conducting research "Formulation of Hypothesis" is followed by

Selection of research tools

A scale on which opposing adjectives are presented is called a

Semantic differential

Which of the following type of items is not a selection item

Short answe

An instrument that identifies how individuals relate to peers is called

Sociometric device

If a researcher studies fourth-grade students to determine the effect of rewarding good behavior on subsequent behavior, which of the following is least likely to be an extraneous variable

Student grade level

Performance intruments are used to measure

Success on task

An example of a categorical variable is

The length a teacher had to walk from the office to her class

Which of the following best describes how research should usually be presented in the body of a literature review report

The major findings of the study should be briefly reprted

A Type-1 error occurs in a situation where:

The null hypothesis is rejected when it is in fact true

All of the following are source of secondary data EXCEPT

The researcher's research diary

Which of the following statements are true

The smaller the sample size, the greater the sampling error

The measure of the extent to which responses vary from the mean is called:

The standard deviation

Which of the following is a constitutive definition of self-esteem

The value one places on oneself

A researcher conducted an experiment to see if increasing water consumption lessens the visible effects of rosacea, a common skin condition. The dependetn variable in this experiment was

The visible condition of the skin

An example of a quantitative variable is the

Time taken to complete a spatial reasoning taks

Questionnaire is a:

Tool for data collection

Avoiding naive empiricism in the interpretation of visual data means

Understanding the context in which they were produced

When designing a questionnaire it is important to do each of the following EXCEPT

Use leading questions

You can create interest in your presentation by:

Using metaphors

When does the scientific community permit research thst may cause participants harm

When the potential value of the study for humans is very high

Which of the following questions meets the criteria of a well-formulated research question

Will the use of peer critiques improve college students' compositions

Study participants should always be told of their right to

Withdraw from participation in the study

Which of the following is not an SPSS Type variable

Word

Which correlation is the strongest?

-1.00

A graph that uses vertical bars to represent data is called:

A bar chart

Which of the following best describes the development process for a research question?

A broad question is made more specific as terms are kore clearly defined

Which of the following will produce the least sampling error?

A large sample based on random sampling

To compare the performance of a group at time T1 and then at T2, we would use:

A paired t-test

A hypothesis can be described as

A prediction of some sort regarding the possible outcomes of a study

Action research means

A research initiated to solve an immediate problem

Which of the following is least likely to be a primary source

A textbook

Which of the following statements best describes the relationships between a hypothesis and a theory

A theoritical prediction can be stated as a specific hypothesis

Which of the following is a form of research typically conducted by managers and other professionals to addres issues in their organizations and/or professional practice

Action research

A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called:

An independent variable

An educated psychology student who conducts dissertation research using humann participants must obtain formal approval that the research meets ethical guidelines from

An institutionsl college, or department review board

Which of the following is the foremost ethical question a reseacher must address

Are participants protected from harm

Which of the following statements exemplifies ethical research practice

As a student of a university, you are not required to participate in any study

Which of the following is a possible operational definition for "motivated to learn science?"

As measured by the "Science Interest" questionnaire

Which generally cannot be guaranteed in conducting qualitative studies in the field?

Assuring anonymity rather than just confidentiality

Active listening skills means

Attentive listening

Who is protected by the law of previleged communications

Attorneys, physicians, and members of the clergy