Practice Exam 1

A health care provider prescribes tolterodine (Detrol) for a client with an overactive bladder. What is most important for the nurse to teach the client to do?

Avoid activities requiring alertness until response to the medication is known, Tolterodine , a urinary tract antispasmotic (drug used to relieve spasm of involuntary muscle), may cause dizziness and blurred vision, placing the client at risk for injury.

A client with myasthenia gravis has been receiving neostigmine (Prostigmin) and asks about its action. What information about its action should the nurse consider when formulating a response?

Blocks the action of cholinesterase (Drug class: Cholinesterase Inhibitor)

A client is to receive donepezil (Aricept) for treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer type. The nurse sits down with the primary caregiver and the client and reviews the purpose of the drug, its dosage, and the usual side effects. What side effect identified by the caregiver leads the nurse to conclude that further teaching is needed?

Constipation

What medication should the nurse expect to administer to actively reverse the overdose sedative effects of lorazepam?

Flumazenil

The nurse administers a medication to a patient that stimulates the function of the parasympathetic nervous system. The nurse should assess the patient for which intended effect?

Improved bladder emptying GI motility Constriction of pupil Decrease HR/BP Increase salivation Increase gastric secretions Bronchoconstriction

A nurse administers a medication that activates dopamine receptors. The nurse should assess the patient for which intended effect?

Improved renal perfusion (Dilates renal blood vessels) In addition to: Increase HR/BP/force of contraction

The nurse administers a medication to a patient that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. The nurse should assess the patient for which intended effect?

Increased heart rate Stimulation of the Sympathetic NS: Increase BP Bronchodilation Increase blood glucose levels

A patient taking levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) for Parkinson disease experiences frequest "on-off" episodes (abrupt loss of effect). Which action by the nurse is best?

Instruct the patient to avoid high-protein foods.

Valproic acid (Depakote) is a broad-spectrum AED (anti-epileptic drug). You have four patients taking valproic acid, three for different seizure types and one for bipolar disorder. You know that you need to educate each of these patients about the signs and symptoms of possible damage from valproic acid to which organs?

Liver (hepatotoxicity) and pancreas (pancreatitis)

Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet) is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse monitors the client for which side effects of the medication? Select all that apply.

Nausea/Vomiting Drowsiness Dyskinesias Orthostatic hypotension Cardiovascular effects of beta1 stimulation (tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias) Psychosis Discoloration of sweat and urine Activation of malignant melanoma

A patient is receiving a drug that blocks alpha1-adrenergic receptors. Which adverse effect, if experienced by the patient, is of most concern to the nurse?

Orthostatic hypotension Alpha blocking drugs are used for their ability to lower blood pressure through vasodilation, recall however, that they can also cause orthostatic hypotension. Alpha blocking drugs also may cause all of these other options, however, the question wants to know which one concerns you the most and orthostatic hypotension is a safety risk (FALLS).

A client is diagnosed with Parkinson disease and receives a prescription for levodopa (L-dopa) therapy. The nurse concludes that the medication is appropriate of this client because it:

Restores the dopamine levels in the brain.

Antipsychotic drugs can cause extrapyramidal side effects. Which responses should the nurse document as indicating pseudoparkinsonism? Select all that apply.

Rigidity Tremors Bradykinesia

The nurse prepares to administer a cholinesterase inhibitor to a patient with Alzheimer's disease. Which medication, if ordered by the healthcare provider, should the nurse question?

Select drug that is NOT a cholinesterase inhibitor that is used to treat AD Drugs that treat AD: Donepezil Galantamine Rivastigmine Memantine