Practice Exam 3

If you are an endurance athlete, you especially rely on which type of skeletal muscle fiber to perform your sport? A. slow oxidative fibers B. fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers C. fast glycolytic fibers D. all of these choices are correct E. none of these choices is correct

A

Motion will occur in a muscle when the _____ supplied exceeds the _____. A. effort, load B. resistance, lever C. load, effort D. load, resistance E. lever, effort

A

What is the origin and insertion of the biceps brachii? A. humerus; ulna B. scapula; ulna C. scapula; radius D. humerus; radius

C

Which occurs during the latent period? A. Calcium is transported back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum B. Myosin head binds to actin filament C. Calcium binds to troponin D. Action potential sweeps over the sarcolemma, calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

D

Which of the following molecules found in skeletal muscle cells binds oxygen that can later be used during aerobic metabolism to help generate ATP? A. glycogen B. titin C. creatine D. myoglobin E. creatine phosphate

D

Where is the masseter? (Look at photo on phone) A. D B. E C. F D. G E. B

E

The alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm in breathing is carried out by _________________ muscle. A. skeletal B. smooth C. cardiac

A

The involuntary muscle tissue of the blood vessels and airways is _______________. A. smooth B. smooth and skeletal C. cardiac D. skeletal

A

The muscles that contract and stabilize an intermediate joint for prime mover muscles that cross several joints are called: A. synergists B. antagonists C. agonists D. originists

A

The muscles that control the precise but weak movements of the digits are the: A. intrinsic B. extrinsic C. extensors D. flexors

A

The term 'flexor' means what? A. decreases joint angle B. increases joint angle C. moves bone away from midline D. moves bone toward midline

A

The term Magnus refers to being what? A. large B. larger C. largest D. huge

A

When oxygen is plentiful inside a skeletal muscle cell, what happens to the pyruvic acid that is formed during glycolysis? A. it diffuses into mitochondria to be broken down to generate ATP B. it is converted into glycogen C. it is used to convert creatine into creatine phosphate D. it diffuses out of the cell and into the bloodstream E. it is converted into lactic acid

A

Where is the tensor fascia latae? (look at photo on phone) A. B B. I C. J D. K E. L

A

Which action can happen with the piriformis muscle? A. lateral rotation B. adduction C. flexion D. extension

A

Which ion is required for exocytosis of ACh? A. Ca+2 B. H+1 C. Cl-1 D. K+1 E. Na+1

A

Which is not a rotator cuff muscle? A. Teres Major B. Supraspinatus C. Subscapularis D. Infraspinatus

A

Which letter in this figure identify the pectoralis major? (look at photo on phone) A. A B. B C. C D. E E. G F. H G. I

A

Which muscle is NOT found in the anterior compartment of the leg? A. fibularis brevis B. tibialis anterior C. extensor hallucis longus D. extensor digitorum longus

A

__________ cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of a cell and produces around 36 molecules of ATP. A. aerobic B. anaerobic C. glycolytic D. creatine phosphate

A

A contraction in which individual twitches cannot be detected is called: A. unfused tetanus B. fused tetanus C. wave summation D. refraction

B

A somatic motor neuron plus all the muscle fibers it stimulates is called a: A. sarcomere B. motor unit C. motor organ D. myofiber

B

As one ages, the presence of slow oxidative fibers ___. A. decreases B. increases C. stays the same D. slightly decreases

B

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris originates from the: A. Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus B. Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus C. Meidal Epicondyle of the Radius D. Lateral Epicondyle of the Radius

B

Long-term supplies of ATP for muscle fiber contraction comes from: A. anaerobic cellular metabolism B. aerobic cellular metabolism C. glycolysis D. creatine phosphate

B

Muscle fascicles can be arranged in one of several patterns. Which of the following patterns is not an example of the arrangement of fascicles in a muscle? A. pennate B. elliptical C. fusiform D. triangular E. circular

B

Muscular tissue has several important properties, such as electrical excitability. Another property of muscular tissue is that it is able to stretch, and return to its original size and shape. Which property of muscular tissue is this? A. Conductivity B. Elasticity C. Extensibility D. Plasticity E. None of these is correct

B

The ability of muscle cells to produce action potentials is an example of _____________ of muscles. A. Elasticity B. Electrical excitability C. Contractility D. Extensibility

B

The absence of ________ causes rigor mortis after death. A. Calcium B. ATP C. lactic acid D. myosin

B

The contractile proteins that generate force during contraction are: A. tropomyosin and troponin B. actin and myosin C. titin and troponin D. titin and actin

B

The main action of the gluteus medius muscle is adduction and external rotation. A. True B. False

B

The shortening of a muscle that maintains a constant tension is an example of: A. elasticity B. concentric contraction C. isometric contraction D. extensibility

B

Thenar muscles are located on the ____________ side of the hand and produce movement at the ___________. A. Lateral, Pinky B. Lateral, Thumb C. Medial, Thumb D. Medial, Pinky

B

Two of the muscles that flex the elbow joint: A. triceps brachii and pronator teres B. biceps brachi and brachialis C. triceps brachii and anconeus D. deltoid and latissimus dorsi

B

What type of skeletal muscle fibers are very resistant to fatigue? A. Fast Glycolytic B. Slow Oxidative C. Fast Oxidative-Glycolytic

B

Which muscle type has more range of motion but less power? A. pennate B. parallel C. fusiform D. triangular

B

Which muscles move the skin rather than a joint when they contract? A. the muscles of mastication B. the muscles of facial expression C. the intrinsic mucles of the hand D. the quadriceps femoris muscles

B

Which of the following is the strongest muscle of mastication? A. buccinator B. masseter C. temporalis D. medial pterygoid E. lateral pterygoid

B

A muscle that acts as a __________ stabilizes the origin of the prime mover so that the prime mover may act more efficiently. A. antagonist B. abductor C. fixator D. synergist E. agonist

C

Muscles act on bones to produce movement. The bones act as levers and the joints act as __________. A. the load B. the resistance C. the fulcrum D. the force E. the effort

C

Skeletal muscle myofibrils contain many functional contractile units called: A. fasicles B. sarcolemma C. sarcomeres D. z discs

C

Skeletal muscle shortens during contraction because the thick filaments and thin filaments: A. shorten B. lengthen C. stay the same length but slide past one another D. move towards the z discs

C

The attachment of a muscle's tendon to the stationary bone is called the _____; the attachment of the muscle's other tendon to the movable bone is called the _____. A. origin, action B. insertion, action C. origin, insertion D. insertion, origin E. insertion, action

C

The neuromuscular junction is the: A. site of contact of the muscle to a tendon B. site of contact of the muscle to a bone C. site of contact of the muscle to a nerve D. action potential

C

The rectus femoris muscle produces extension at the knee joint and _______ at the hip joint. A. Abduction B. Extension C. Flexion D. Adduction

C

The shape of the gracilis muscle would mean what? A. saw toothed B. comblike C. slender D. flat

C

The superficial posterior compartment muscles of the leg share a common tendon of insertion called the: A. tendon of quadriceps femoris B. gastrocnemius C. achilles tendon D. plantaris tendon

C

What is the insertion of the muscle labeled D? (look at photo on phone) A. lateral and medial condyles of femur and capsule of knee B. head of fibula C. calcaneus by way of Achilles tendon D. anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane E. distal phalanx of great toe

C

What type of skeletal muscle fiber would an Olympic quality weight lifter specifically be developing during training, to enhance his or her weight lifting power? A. slow oxidative fibers B. fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers C. fast glycolytic fibers D. all of these choices E. none of these choices

C

Where would you find Ca++ during relaxation of a muscle? A. interstitial fluid B. t tubules C. sarcoplasmic reticulum D. sarcolemma

C

Which muscle in this figure can flex the hip joint and extend the knee joint? (look at photo on phone) A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

C

Which muscle inserts on the tibia by way of the iliotibial tract? A. Biceps Femoris B. Semimembranosus C. Tensor Fasciae Latae D. Pectineus

C

Which muscle types contain alternating light and dark bands called striations? A. smooth and skeletal B. smooth and cardiac C. cardiac and skeletal D. skeletal only

C

Which of these are the axial muscles that adduct the arm? A. teres minor and subscapular B. deltoid and subscapularis C. pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi D. suprapinatus and infraspinatus

C

Which of these is not part of the Erector Spinae? A. Iliocostalis B. Spinalis C. Splenius D. Longissimus

C

Which of these muscles divides the neck into two principal triangles and rotates the face towards the opposite side of the muscle when contracted? A. masseter B. genioglossus C. sternocleidomastoid D. sternohyoid

C

Within an opposing pair of muscles the muscle which causes the desired action is called the_____, the muscle that stretches and yields to the first muscle is the _____ A. prime mover; agonist B. agonist; synergist C. agonist; antagonist D. synergist; fixator

C

A small amount of muscle tension and muscle definition (the appearance of muscle beneath the skin) is present even in a relaxed muscle. A person who is physically fit due to regular exercise, will have more of this characteristic of muscle tissue than someone who is not fit. What is this characteristic? A. muscle relaxation B. muscle contraction C. muscle recruitment D. muscle tone E. muscle refraction

D

An athete who excels at short sprints most likely has more _____________ muscle fibers as compared to a marathoner. A. actin B. myosin C. slow oxidative D. fast glycolytic

D

An example of a triangular arrangement of fascicles spread over a broad area that converges at a thick central tendon would be the __________ muscle. A. biceps brachii B. sternocleidomastoid C. rectus femoris D. pectoralis major

D

Deltoid means what type of shape? A. trapezoid B. pear shaped C. diamond shaped D. triangular

D

Exercise can produce a fashionable "six pack" of toned muscles. Which of the following muscles is involved in giving the appearance of this defined pack of muscles? A. external oblique B. internal oblique C. transversus abdominis D. rectus abdominis E. serratus anterior

D

Improper lifting of a heavy load (such as trying to lift a box of books from its position on the floor), is most likely to cause painful back spasms in which muscle(s)? A. splenius capitis B. splenius cervicis C. longissimus thoracis D. erector spinae E. Scalene

D

One of the most common causes of shoulder pain and dysfunction in atheletes is called: A. central tendon neuroses B. strabismus C. carpal tunnel D. impingement syndrome

D

Skeletal muscle is covered, surrounded and protected by various layers of connective tissue. Which layer of connective tissue would surround a bundle of muscle fibers (muscle cells)? A. epimysium B. endomysium C. hypodermis D. perimysium E. fascia

D

The contractile organelle of skeletal muscle fibers is A. the sarcomere B. the endoplasmic reticulum C. the T tubule D. the myofibril E. the myofilament

D

The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds and protects muscles is called: A. periosteum B. fasicle C. sacrolemma D. fascia

D

The rectus abdominis produces ___________ of the vertebral column when it contracts. A. Abduction B. Adduction C. Extension D. Flexion

D

The site where a somatic motor neuron releases acetylcholine to stimulate a skeletal muscle fiber is called the A. motor end plate B. myofibril C. synaptic end bulbs D. neuromuscular junction E. sarcolemma

D

What molecule carries the message from the axon across the synaptic cleft to the muscle? A. Ca+ B. Na+ C. acetylcholinesterase D. acetylcholine

D

Which muscle is NOT a part of the Quadriceps muscle group? A. vastus lateralis B. vastus medialis C. Rectus femoris D. biceps femoris

D

Which muscle is the transverse abdominus? A. C B. E C. G D. H E. I

D

Which of the following pairs of muscles are agonist-antagonists (that is, one flexes and the other extends) the forearm? A. biceps brachii and brachioradialis B. brachialis and brachioradialis C. triceps brachii and anconeus D. biceps brachii and triceps brachii E. anconeus and supinator

D

Which term best applies to a muscle that acts to move a bone away from the midline of the body? A. oblique B. synergist C. flexor D. abductor E. Adductor

D

What is the action of the muscle labeled I? A. adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint B. abducting arm at shoulder joint C. laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint D. laterally rotates and extends arm at shoulder joint E. flexes the elbow and the shoulder

E

When the term rectus appears in the name of a muscle, it indicates that A. it is a relatively small muscle B. it is a relatively large muscle C. it is circular in shape D. it is flat in shape E. the muscle fascicles run parallel to the midline of the body

E

Which list of organs contains ONLY smooth muscle tissue? A. blood vessels, diaphragm, esophagus B. bladder, uterus, sternocleidomastoid C. biceps brachii, triceps brachii (muscles of the arm) D. heart E. blood vessels, stomach, esophagus and bladder

E

Which of the following is not one of the quadriceps femoris group of muscles? gracilis sartorius vastus medialis vastus lateralis A. gracilis B. sartorius C. vastus medialis D. 4 vastus lateralis E. gracilis and sartorius

E

Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary (can't be consciously controlled)? A. skeletal muscle B. smooth muscle C. cardiac muscle D. skeletal muscle and smooth muscle E. smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

E

To delay the onset of muscle fatigue, not all the motor units in a muscle will contract at the same time. Some will remain relaxed while others are contracting. If the contraction continues, and greater force is needed, more motor units will be recruited. A. True B. False Answer Key:True

True