Praxis 5017 Practice Test

B. Mean

Fifth-grade students create Table A to represent the number of sandwiches they each ate during the last month. The teacher then shows the students that redistributing the pictures of sandwiches equally among the students creates Table B. The activity will best help students understand which of the following mathematical concepts? A. Probability B. Mean C. Range D. Proportions

A. Estimate the answer first, use an algorithm, and compare results.

Fred, a student in a math class, showed the following solutions for two problems. Problem: Dan cooked 60 of the 200 burgers at a company picnic. What percent of the burgers did he cook? Work: 200 × 0.60 = 120 Answer: 120% Problem: Tara watered 50 of the 180 plants in her mother's garden. What percent of the plants did she water? Work: 180 × 0.50 = 90 Answer: 90% Which of the following strategies could best help the student check answers to word problems and look for errors? A. Estimate the answer first, use an algorithm, and compare results. B. Practice multiplication with decimals outside the context of a word problem. C. Multiply the first digits and add the appropriate number of zeros. D. Complete the multiplication, then use division to check the answer.

D.Return sweep

Ms. Kline, a kindergarten teacher, begins reading a picture book to a small group of students. She reads the top line of text aloud and keeps her finger on the last word. Ms. Kline then asks students, "Where do I read after this?" The teacher is reinforcing students' understanding of which of the following concepts of print? A.One-to-one correspondence B.Page sequencing C.Book orientation D.Return sweep

D. Determining how much farther an object moves along the ground when released

Question: After introducing students to the idea that math and science are closely related, which of the following is most helpful as a follow-up activity? A. Discussing the health benefits of light exercise such as walking and jogging B. Writing a script for a play about the interaction between scientists and mathematicians C. Reading about the lives of scientists who used mathematics in their scientific investigations D. Determining how much farther an object moves along the ground when released

D. Hold student and teacher discussions on how to improve learning

Question: Which of the following is best to do as part of a formative assessment that is given to evaluate students' levels of understanding? A. Have students revisit assignments after they have been graded to find and correct mistakes B. Praise students for discovering the correct solution to a problem C. Give cumulative assessments at the end of each teaching unit D. Hold student and teacher discussions on how to improve learning

A.Having students investigate the characteristics of the Sun and the Moon

Several fourth-grade students describe the Moon as "a star that gives off its own light at night." Which of the following actions by the teacher will best address the students' misconception? A.Having students investigate the characteristics of the Sun and the Moon B.Having students record moonrise and moonset times for a week C.Having students create posters to illustrate the relative sizes of Earth and the Sun D.Having students compare the times of high tides with the positions of the Moon

A. Isolation

Teacher: What is the first sound in "van"? Student: The first sound in "van" is /v/. Question: The activity shown represents which of the following phonemic-awareness strategies? A. Isolation B. Categorization C. Blending D. Segmentation

A.Using two-sided colored counters to model selected problems

Through observation and classroom discussion, a sixth-grade math teacher discovers that several students are having difficulty adding integers. Which of the following will most likely help students understand this concept? A.Using two-sided colored counters to model selected problems B.Allowing students to use calculators C.Providing students with a reference sheet describing the rules for adding integers D.Assigning additional practice problems

A.Description

When a volcano erupts, melted rock called magma rises out of the volcano and flows onto Earth's surface. The magma, now called lava, flows down the sides of the volcano. As the lava spreads over the surface, it cools and turns to solid rock. The type of rock that is formed is classified as igneous. The passage best illustrates which of the following text structures? A.Description B.Cause-effect C.Comparison-contrast D.Narrative

A, B

In a bag of red and blue marbles, there is 1 red marble for every 2 blue marbles. The bag contains 16 blue marbles. How many red marbles does the bag contain? A group of students who have not previously studied proportions are working on the problem shown. Which TWO of the following strategies will enable the students to solve this problem and build an understanding of proportional reasoning? A.Drawing a picture of 16 blue marbles arranged in groups of 2, drawing 1 red marble for each group of blue marbles, and then counting the red marbles B.Generating a table with pairs of possible numbers of red and blue marbles and verifying that the ratio between the number of red and the number of blue marbles in each pair is equivalent to 1/2 C.Setting a proportion 1/2=R/16 , where R is the number of red marbles, and then teaching how to solve for R D.Showing students that for every 3 marbles, 2 are blue and 1 is red, therefore 2/3 of the marbles in the bag must be blue and 1/3 must be red

C.Preparing students to participate in a democratic society

A second-grade curriculum requires that teachers review the importance of voting in United States elections. Which of the following purposes of teaching is best demonstrated by the requirement? A.Raising student awareness about diverse cultures B.Expanding students' knowledge of different political systems C.Preparing students to participate in a democratic society D.Preparing students to understand the different governmental branches

C. Identifying main ideas

A teacher gives students a set of cards with headlines written on them and a set of clippings of news articles. The teacher asks the students to match each news article with its corresponding headline. Which of the following skills is the activity most likely to develop? A. Making generalizations B. Recognizing sight vocabulary C. Identifying main ideas D. Using context clues

A.Formative

Elementary students break into groups to write a song using long and short sounds. The students present their songs to the class then reflect on their own writing process and the processes used by other groups. Based on the students' reflections, the teacher provides students with feedback. Which of the following is the type of assessment the teacher is using? A.Formative B.Summative C.Authentic D.Diagnostic

D.Clapping as they orally repeat each word in a sentence spoken by a teacher

Kindergarten students are working on improving phonological awareness skills through engagement in which of the following activities? A.Using magnetic letters to form and practice reading rhyming words B.Creating a word wall that organizes vocabulary into sets that have common phonograms C.Orally spelling high frequency, phonetically-regular words individually D.Clapping as they orally repeat each word in a sentence spoken by a teacher

C. Revising

While working on a writing assignment, a student asks a peer to listen to her read the rough draft and offer suggestions for clarifying, expanding, or condensing parts of the draft. The student is engaged in which stage of the writing process? A. Proofing B. Outlining C. Revising D. Publishing

D.Prime numbers

1. Start with a table of all counting numbers from 2 through 100. 2. Circle the number 2 and cross out all of the multiples of 2. 3. Circle the next available number that is not crossed out — in this case 3. Then cross out all of the multiples of 3. 4. Continue circling the next available number that is not crossed out, followed by crossing out all of the multiples of that number, until every number through 100 is either circled or crossed out. A fifth-grade math teacher uses the directions above as a class starter to reinforce a lesson previously introduced. Which of the following best describes the content being addressed by the lesson? A.Composite numbers B.Ordinal numbers C.Cardinal numbers D.Prime numbers

A, B

2/3 x +4 (-3 - x) = 1/2 (-x +1) A. Using the distributive property of multiplication over addition to distribute 4(⎯3⎯x) and 1/2(⎯x+1) B. Multiplying both sides of the equation by 6 to eliminate all fractions C. Adding 2/3 x and - x on the left side of the equation to combine the variable terms D. Subtracting 4(⎯3⎯x) from each side of the equation to move all the x terms to one side of the equation

B. Ten students tied for the winning prize of $25 in a contest. How many dollars will each student receive?

25÷10=N A third-grade teacher asks students to write a word problem for the number sentence above, where N is the exact answer to the problem. Which of the following student responses best satisfies the conditions set by the teacher? A. A team of 10 students wins 25 movie tickets. How many tickets will each student get? B. Ten students tied for the winning prize of $25 in a contest. How many dollars will each student receive? C. Twenty-five children at a birthday party will eat 10 pizzas. How many slices will each child have? D. A tub of paint holds 25 gallons. How many 10-pint cans can be completely filled with paint before the tub is empty?

A. To have students demonstrate that division can mean partitioning a set of objects

30 ÷ 6 53 ÷ 7 84 ÷ 8 75 ÷ 9 Question: Third graders studying division were asked to solve and check the four division problems above and then write a story for each problem. Which of the following is the most likely reason for asking the students to write the stories? A. To have students demonstrate that division can mean partitioning a set of objects B. To have students practice division skills through drill-and-check exercises C. To help students write quotients that might contain a decimal D. To have students practice the strategy of solving a simpler problem than those presented

D.Applying properties of equality

5x=20x=100, x -2 ,x= 5 P + 3= 6, P=9 T/ 3= 9, t= 3 A student's work for solving four equations is shown. Which of the following is best for a teacher to have the student review? A.Multiplying whole numbers B.Adding whole numbers C.Using inverse operations with whole numbers D.Applying properties of equality

D.Linking likelihood that an event will occur with probability

A fair, six-sided number cube has each face labeled with a different number from 1 through 6. The face with the number 3 is relabeled with a 2. How is the likelihood of rolling the cube and getting a number less than 3 affected by the relabeling? (A) Increases the likelihood (B) Decreases the likelihood (C) Does not change the likelihood A teacher uses the question above for a class discussion. Which of the following is best for the teacher to address with this question? A.Reasoning about conditional probability B.Computing probabilities of independent events C.Computing probabilities of mutually exclusive events D.Linking likelihood that an event will occur with probability

C. Providing the student with explicit instruction in phonics

A first-grade student writes "R dg is bg n blk" and reads aloud "Our dog is big and black." Which of the following activities will most likely improve the student's spelling skills? A. Giving the student a list of high-frequency words B. Discussing the difference between "our" and "are" C. Providing the student with explicit instruction in phonics D. Reviewing capitalization and punctuation rules

C. Manipulate a three-dimensional model of a cross section of Earth's upper layers and oceans

A formative assessment in the middle of a unit on plate tectonics reveals that a student believes that landmasses are plates that float and move on ocean water. Having the student do which of the following is the most appropriate next step? A. Give a class presentation on the concept B. Move a magnet close to the edge of a metal block and observe what happens C. Manipulate a three-dimensional model of a cross section of Earth's upper layers and oceans D. Stand books upright and next to each other in a row, push one of the books on th

B. The student used an inappropriate number-base system to calculate elapsed time.

A fourth-grade class is discussing the problem shown. Sid is traveling by train from Little City to Big City. The train departs Little City at 8:30 A.M. and arrives in Big City at 9:15 P.M. How long does it take the train to travel from Little City to Big City? Question: During the discussion, one student says, "All you have to do is subtract 830 from 915, and you have the answer! It's 85 minutes." For which of the following reasons is the student incorrect?

D.supporting their comprehension of content-area texts and concepts

A fourth-grade teacher regularly integrates content-area math and science vocabulary into language arts lessons and activities. The practice primarily benefits students by A.improving their use of context clues to decipher meaning B.helping them increase vocabulary to improve test scores C.providing them with an overview of the content-area curriculum D.supporting their comprehension of content-area texts and concepts

B. To distinguish between prime and composite numbers

A fourth-grade teacher uses a group activity to introduce a unit. During the activity, the students in each group find all the factors of several numbers. Students then sort the numbers by writing any number with only two factors on one sheet of paper and any number with more than two factors on another sheet of paper. What is most likely the purpose of the activity? A. To determine the number of factors for numbers B. To distinguish between prime and composite numbers C. To develop the concept of greatest common factor for numbers D. To find and use factor trees for numbers

C. Concepts of print

A kindergarten teacher opens a storybook to the middle and asks a student, "Where on this page should I begin reading?" The teacher is most likely evaluating the student's understanding of which of the following? A. Receptive vocabulary B. Phonological awareness C. Concepts of print D. Alphabetic principle

D

A math teacher shows students the three chains of pattern blocks in the figure and then asks the students to find a pattern that will produce the perimeter of a chain made with any number of pattern blocks. Which of the following is best for the teacher to use for showing the students how to write a linear equation for the perimeter? A. Number of Hexagons 1, 2, 3 Perimeter 6, 10, 14 B. Number of Hexagons 1, 2, 3 Perimeter 6, 6 +4, 6+ 8 C. Number of Hexagons 1, 2, 3 Perimeter 6, 6 +4, 6 +4 + 4 D. Number of Hexagons 1, 2, 3 Perimeter 6, 10= 6 +(2-1) x 4, 14= 6 + (3-1) x 4

A.The student did not correctly record the tens after decomposing a ten into ones.

A second-grade student has made the following error in subtracting multidigit numbers. Which of the following is most likely the cause of the student's error? A.The student did not correctly record the tens after decomposing a ten into ones. B.The student decomposed the tens when it was not required. C.The student transposed the numbers during the process of regrouping. D.The student regrouped the ones when it was not required.

B.Shared writing

A second-grade teacher begins a writing lesson by engaging students in a discussion to activate their background knowledge on a topic of interest. The teacher then acts as a scribe and writes on a chart while the students contribute ideas about the topic as the text is composed. Which of the following best describes the instructional practice the teacher is using? A.Guided writing B.Shared writing C.Write-aloud D.Interactive writing

A.A pictograph with the food categories listed and a drawing to represent the number of students that chose each food

A teacher gave students an assignment in which they will determine the class's favorite cafeteria food. Which of the following is best for the students to use to summarize the distribution of data collected from surveying 25 fourth-grade students about their favorite cafeteria food? A.A pictograph with the food categories listed and a drawing to represent the number of students that chose each food B.An alphabetical list of the students surveyed with their food choices indicated next to their name C.A computer slide presentation with a picture of each student with his or her favorite food D.A bar graph with the names of the students listed at the bottom of the graph and the foods chosen listed vertically

A. Teaching decoding skills and modeling how to use the skills in context

A teacher observes that a first-grade student does not employ beginning and final consonants correctly while reading. Which of the following teaching strategies is most likely to help the student? A. Teaching decoding skills and modeling how to use the skills in context B. Showing a video of a children's story and listing some of the words that are used in the story C. Pairing the student with another student who is able to use consonants correctly D. Placing signs around the classroom to label items (e.g., desks, bookshelf, door)

D.Finding greatest common factors and least common multiples

A teacher organized an activity in which the work shown was presented to students. Which of the following best describes the objective of the activity? A.Identifying odd and even numbers B.Identifying prime and composite numbers C.Practicing multiplying single-digit numbers D.Finding greatest common factors and least common multiples

B. The density of each item

A teacher places some items on a table and then asks students to predict whether the items will sink or float in a container filled with water. Which of the following information will be most helpful to provide to the students? A. The temperature of the water B. The density of each item C. The capacity of the container D. The volume of the water

C.Entering the data in a spreadsheet so that values can be sorted in ascending or descending order

A teacher plans a class activity for students in which they determine the median family size for all students in the class. Which of the following strategies is most likely to be helpful to the students? A.Adding up all the data entries with a calculator B.Using a graphic organizer to identify the highest and lowest entries C.Entering the data in a spreadsheet so that values can be sorted in ascending or descending order D.Grouping together all entries that are the same

A. Circle 2 and cross out all multiples of 2. Then circle the next largest remaining number and cross out all multiples of that number. Repeat this procedure.

A teacher provides students with a list of all the numbers from 2 through 46, as shown. Which of the following activities will best help students develop an understanding of the concept of prime numbers? A. Circle 2 and cross out all multiples of 2. Then circle the next largest remaining number and cross out all multiples of that number. Repeat this procedure. B. Cross out 2 and circle 3. Cross out 4 and circle 5. Continue crossing out the next largest number and circling the number adjacent to it. C. Make a list of all the numbers that divide 2. Then add to the list any numbers that divide 3 that are not in the list. Continue expanding the list by considering the divisors of each successively larger number. D. Separate the even numbers and the odd numbers into two

D.Phoneme identity

A teacher shows a student flash cards that say "red," "roll," "rug," and "roar" and asks what sound is the same in the set of words. The teacher is using which of the following strategies to reinforce the student's phonemic awareness? A.Phoneme deletion B.Phoneme categorization C.Phoneme isolation D.Phoneme identity

D. The number of hundreds that were composed from tens in incorrect.

A teacher shows students the problem above and asks them to identify the first error that occurs in the solution. Which of the following student answers is correct? A. The sum in the ones column is incorrect. B. There is an addition mistake in the tens column. C. The number of tens that were composed from ones is incorrect. D. The number of hundreds that were composed from tens in incorrect.

C.Determining whether a suitcase meets weight restrictions on an airline flight given the weight of the suitcase in grams and the airline weight limits in kilograms

A teacher wants to assess student learning after completing a unit on converting measurements. Which of the following is the most effective assessment for the teacher to use? A.Determining which metric unit is most appropriate to measure the length of a pencil, the length of a classroom door, and the length of a baseball field B.Determining how much more of each ingredient for a recipe is needed if three times the number of people the recipe serves intend to eat the dish C.Determining whether a suitcase meets weight restrictions on an airline flight given the weight of the suitcase in grams and the airline weight limits in kilograms D.Determining the weekly salary of a worker given the worker's hourly rate of pay

A. it makes the other vowel have a long sound

A teacher wants to describe to the class a rule associated with adding a silent "e" to the end of a consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) word. The best approach would be to tell the students that when a silent "e" appears at the end of a CVC word, it cannot be heard, but A. it makes the other vowel have a long sound B. it makes the other vowel and consonants have a blended sound C. it makes the other vowel have a short sound D. it changes the other vowel into a long "e" sound

B.Cite evidence in the text to support your idea.

A third-grade teacher notices that students are having difficulty making meaningful predictions as they read a novel. Which of the following recommendations by the teacher is most likely to help students make meaningful predictions? A.Connect your experiences with the experiences of the characters. B.Cite evidence in the text to support your idea. C.Identify the main idea of the text. D.Compare the story to another you read earlier in the year.

C.identify phonemes in words

Activities such as chanting rhymes or singing songs best help students A.understand syntax in sentences B.increase expressive vocabulary C.identify phonemes in words D.improve sight-word recognition

D.Completing a project that compares the different forms of government from around the world

An elementary teacher is designing a lesson to teach students about how different societies from around the world are organized. Which of the following student assignments will best support the goal of the lesson? A.Researching how countries adapt to the environment by developing different agricultural techniques B.Drawing a poster that illustrates the artistic styles used by various cultures from around the world C.Creating a map that illustrates the global trade routes used by merchants D.Completing a project that compares the different forms of government from around the world

B.The alternative sources of energy that are used by some primary producers

Comparing autotrophs that live in the darkness of the deep ocean with those that are exposed to sunlight on the ocean surface will be most effective in helping students explore which of the following topics? A.The influence of human activities on wildlife populations B.The alternative sources of energy that are used by some primary producers C.The dependence of consumers on other organisms as sources of nutrients D.The role of molds and bacteria in the recycling of organic matter

D. You want a dog so you will have a companion.

During a conference, Jake tells his teacher that he has always wanted a dog. He says if he had a dog, he would always have a friend. Which of the following responses by the teacher indicates active listening? A. I had a dog once and I loved him very much. B. There are other ways to have a friend. C. Are you sad because you don't have a dog? D. You want a dog so you will have a companion.

C.Creating a graph of temperatures collected

During a science unit, students make observations and gather data on the daily weather conditions. Which of the following activities is the best way for students to present their findings and enhance their learning? A.Giving an oral report on the weather conditions B.Giving a weather forecast for the following week C.Creating a graph of temperatures collected D.Creating a picture of different weather conditions

D. Evaluation

During a unit on folktales, a second-grade teacher wants to help students engage in higher-order thinking. After the students read The Little Red Hen, the teacher asks the students to justify the little red hen's decision to eat the bread herself. Which level of Bloom's taxonomy does the activity address? A. Application B. Analysis C. Synthesis D. Evaluation

A, B, C

During the early letter name-alphabetic stage in spelling development, a student might write U for "you," BD for "bed," Y for "when," DF for "drive," and SHP for "ship." Which of the following is characteristic of what students do correctly during the stage? Select all that apply. A. Use consistent directionality B. Demonstrate letter-sound correspondences C. Spell consonant blends partially D. Use vowels in unstressed syllables

A. Use consistent directionality B. Demonstrate letter-sound correspondences C. Spell consonant blends partially

During the early letter name-alphabetic stage in spelling development, a student might write U for "you," BD for "bed," Y for "when," DF for "drive," and SHP for "ship." Which of the following is characteristic of what students do correctly during the stage? Select all that apply. A. Use consistent directionality B. Demonstrate letter-sound correspondences C. Spell consonant blends partially D. Use vowels in unstressed syllables

A.The activity should be used at the very beginning of the lesson to introduce and contextualize the notions of mean, median, and mode.

For a lesson on central tendency of data, a teacher plans to have students line up at the front of the classroom in increasing order according to each student's height. The students will then be instructed how to compute the mean, median, and mode of the resulting data set. At what point in the lesson should the teacher use the activity to most effectively promote student learning? A.The activity should be used at the very beginning of the lesson to introduce and contextualize the notions of mean, median, and mode. B.The activity should be used early in the lesson, after the teacher has defined the notions of mean, median, and mode. C.The activity should be used late in the lesson, after students have had a chance to compute means, medians, and modes of some simple data sets. D.The activity should not be used as a part of the lesson, as it is not an effective use of time.

C. Pour water on a slanted board covered with sand and observe the sand being washed away

Having students do which of the following will most effectively help them learn about erosion? A. Look at a series of images taken from a satellite that show the formation of a river delta over time B. Visit an aquarium and carry out an investigation about the buildup of a coral reef C. Pour water on a slanted board covered with sand and observe the sand being washed away D. Listen to the teacher talk about cave formation

B. Writing pairs of numbers that make the problem statement true and identifying a pattern in the numbers before using variables

Leo has five fewer magnets than Su-Ling. A teacher in a fifth-grade math class asks the students to write an equation in two variables that represents the word problem shown. Many students write an incorrect equation. Which of the following strategies will best help the students learn how to write a correct equation? A. Translating each word into a symbol or operation as the sentence is read left to right B. Writing pairs of numbers that make the problem statement true and identifying a pattern in the numbers before using variables C. Representing the number of magnets one person has by using a variable and then representing the number of magnets the other person has using the same variable D. Using counters to represent the number of magnets Leo has and taking away five to get the number of magnets Su-Ling has

C.Teaching students letter-sound relationships with manipulatives such as letter tiles to provide hands-on activities

Mr. Engle is concerned about the English-language learners (ELLs) E.L.Ls in his second-grade class who are having problems in reading due to their lack of phonics skills. Which of the following strategies is best for the teacher to use to help the students develop the required skills? A.Allowing students to read material in their native language and transfer the phonics skills to help them decode English B.Sending students to a first-grade class for reading instruction since they would benefit from phonics instruction there C.Teaching students letter-sound relationships with manipulatives such as letter tiles to provide hands-on activities D.Providing students with supplemental phonics worksheets that focus on basic letter-sound relationships

C. Conversation styles, including taking turns, are not uniform across cultures.

Ms. Bartholomew teaches a class of fifth graders from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. She often uses formal and informal rules to guide class discussion. In some cases, she uses playing cards to order the responses from the students. In other cases, she uses rules of procedure to guide class discussion, such as having students call on each other to give responses or limiting the length of their responses with a timer. What knowledge does the teacher demonstrate by using multiple discussion formats? A. Formal speaking requires different skills than informal speaking. B. Students will not respect the speaking styles of others unless they are taught to. C. Conversation styles, including taking turns, are not uniform across cultures. D. The teacher is allowing the students to take a leadership role, which will increase self-confidence.

B.Blending

Ms. Morgan meets individually with Xavier. She tells him, "I am going to say all the sounds that are in a word. Then, I want you to tell me the word that you hear when you put them all together and say it fast. So if I say, '/d/ /o/ /g/,' /d/ means the d sound, /o/ means the o sound, and /g/ means the g sound you say . . .?" Xavier responds, "Dog." This activity assesses which of the following aspects of phonemic awareness? A.Digraphs B.Blending C.Syllabication D.Rhyme

A.A student stops a tuning fork from making a sound by grasping it firmly.

Of the following actions, which best demonstrates an understanding of the concept that vibrating materials can make a sound? A.A student stops a tuning fork from making a sound by grasping it firmly. B.A student creates a concept map that shows the different sounds animals make. C.A student draws and labels the different parts of a string instrument. D.A student formulates the hypothesis that the sooner thunder is heard, the closer the lightning is occurring.

C. 3, 1, 2

Question: The following three lesson summaries share a common objective: The students will understand and solve multiplication problems with accuracy and efficiency. Lesson 1: Students create and test their own strategy, often mentally, to find an answer to a given multiplication word problem. Lesson 2: Students practice using the traditional algorithm to find an answer to a given multiplication word problem. Lesson 3: Students use a variety of concrete models to find an answer to a given multiplication word problem. Which sequence of the lessons will best support the stated objective? A. 1, 3, 2 B. 2, 3, 1 C. 3, 1, 2 D. 2,1,3

C. Adding starch to a yellow iodine solution and observing the color of the solution change to purple D. Writing messages on paper with invisible ink made of lemon juice, then heating the

Question: Which TWO of the following student activities are most effective at helping students learn about chemical change? A. Using shovels to break up the soil in the school garden B. Looking at photographs of a new silver bracelet and an old silver bracelet that has tarnished over time C. Adding starch to a yellow iodine solution and observing the color of the solution change to purple D. Writing messages on paper with invisible ink made of lemon juice, then heating the

B. Ask students to identify characteristics of various organisms that allow them to survive in specific environments

Question: Which of the following is most useful for a teacher to do to assess what students have learned at the end of a unit about organisms and their environment? A. Observe students as they work in groups to research a certain mammal and its characteristics B. Ask students to identify characteristics of various organisms that allow them to survive in specific environments C. Read student journal entries about insects and the environment D. Evaluate student research projects about different habitats

A. Drawing the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages of an ant

Question: Which of the following student activities is most effective in helping students learn about complete metamorphosis in insects? A. Drawing the egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages of an ant B. Listening to a biologist guest speaker describe how butterflies go through egg, larva, chrysalis, and adult stages C. Visiting a beekeeper and learning that a queen bee lays all the eggs in a hive but worker bees produce wax and gather nectar and pollen D. Manipulating the order of a series of flash cards that illustrate a grasshopper hatching from an egg and shedding its exoskeleton many times as it grows to adult size

B. A triple-beam balance

Question: Which of the following tools is most helpful in determining the mass of a seashell? A. A metric ruler B. A triple-beam balance C. A 200 mL volumetric flask D. A micrometer

B. Production, distribution, and consumption

Some elementary school teachers from the same school plan to invite people from service industries to their classes as guest speakers. The activity would best fit with which of the following units from the social studies curriculum? A. Time, continuity, and change B. Production, distribution, and consumption C. Civic ideals and practices D. Individual development and identity

C. Creating and using homemade rulers that use unit models of length so students realize that the spaces on the rulers are more important than the marks on the rulers

Students in a fourth-grade class are asked to find the length of the line segment shown. A common incorrect answer given by fourth graders is 4 inches. A teacher who is developing a lesson plan on measurement wants to help students avoid the misconception that results in the incorrect answer. Which of the following tasks is best for the teacher to include in the lesson plan? A. Completing a table with the lengths of several different objects and comparing the objects based on their measurable attributes B. Using a piece of string that is the length of the line segment to measure the length of different objects around the room C. Creating and using homemade rulers that use unit models of length so students realize that the spaces on the rulers are more important than the marks on the rulers D. Using a ruler to measure pictures of objects

C.impart an understanding of how the basic elements of art coexist and function

Teaching students to analyze an artwork in terms of line, color, shape, form, space, and texture primarily serves to A.demonstrate how unity and harmony contribute to the expressive nature of a work B.expose students to terms associated with the compositional principles of design C.impart an understanding of how the basic elements of art coexist and function D.provide exemplars that show students how to create perspective in artwork

C. applying number sense

The Evergreen Shoe Factory received an order for 100 pairs of shoes. The factory ships shoes in cartons that each holds up to 12 pairs. How many cartons will the factory need to ship this order? Most of the fourth graders who worked on the problem above gave answers such as 8 R4, 8.333, and 813 8 1/3. These responses suggest that the students need practice in A. rounding down B. expressing remainders C. applying number sense D. using fractions rather than decim

D

The amount of money that Daniela has in her pocket is at least 7 dollars more than 3 times the amount of money that Emily has in her pocket. A teacher plans to use the statement shown during a lesson on translating sentences into linear inequalities. Which of the following is best for the teacher to do to help the students write an inequality that correctly models the relationship between the amount of money that Daniela has in her pocket, D, to the amount of money that Emily has in her pocket, E? A.Having students make a table of values for possible amounts of money Daniela and Emily each have in their pockets B.Having students work several practice exercises solving inequalities like 3E+7≤D 3 E + 7 ≤ D for E C.Having students parse the sentence into "Daniela has at least 7 dollars" and "more than 3 times the amount that Emily has" to write D≥7>3E D ≥ 7 > 3 E D.Having students parse the sentence into "Daniela has," "at least," and "7 dollars more than 3 times the amount that Emily has" to write D≥7+3E

B.The baker almost dropped the cupcakes.

The cupcakes were almost dropped by the baker. A teacher explaining the concept of voice writes the above sentence on the board and requests that students change it from passive to active voice. Which of the following responses is correct? A.The baker has dropped almost all the cupcakes. B.The baker almost dropped the cupcakes. C.The baker dropped the cupcakes. D.The cupcakes should have been dropped by the baker.

B.Asking the students to complete a graphic organizer where n is the middle number of three consecutive even integers and find algebraic expressions for the other two integers and the sum

The sum of three consecutive even integers is 102. What are the three integers? A teacher asks the students in an algebra class to write an equation to represent the problem situation shown. Which of the following approaches is best for helping the students write an algebraic equation that represents the problem situation? A.Asking the students to highlight keywords "3," "consecutive," "even," and "sum" in the problem and use the keywords to write the expression B.Asking the students to complete a graphic organizer where n is the middle number of three consecutive even integers and find algebraic expressions for the other two integers and the sum C.Asking the students to compute the sums of three consecutive integers, starting with 0+2+4

D.Learning objectives outlined in the course curriculum

To adjust instruction within a unit, which of the following is most appropriate for a teacher to use when designing a summative assessment? A.Student surveys on prior knowledge of the content B.Supplemental reading assigned to support the curriculum C.Topics of student interest expressed during the lesson D.Learning objectives outlined in the course curriculum

A, B, D

Two whole pizzas of the same size are shared equally among three people. What is each person's share of pizza? A teacher gives the word problem shown to a fifth-grade class. Which THREE of the following concepts are most likely addressed by the use of the word problem? A. 2/3 is the same as 2 x 1/3 B. 2 divided by 3 is the same as 2/3 C. Division is thought of as repeated subtraction. D. Division is thought of as a partitioning

A, B, D

Which THREE of the following Web resources are likely to offer the most appropriate materials for physical activity instruction? A.The Jump Rope For Heart® and Hoops For Heart® online resources B.University research materials and online publications C.A commonly used lesson plan Web site D.Regular e-mail updates from a national professional organization E.A physical educator's online blog

B, C, D

Which THREE of the following strategies are most appropriate to help students understand how to calculate the amount of time, in hours and minutes, that it takes a child to clean a room starting at 3:20 P.M. and finishing at 5:07 P.M.? A.Using a clock face manipulative to count the total number of minutes from 3:07 P.M. to 5:20 P.M., then dividing the total by 60 B.Using a clock face manipulative to count the total number of minutes from 3:20 P.M. to 3:30 P.M., the number of hours and minutes from 3:30 P.M. to 5:00 P.M., and the number of minutes from 5:00 P.M. to 5:07 P.M., then adding the totals together C.Using a clock face manipulative to count the total number of hours and minutes from 3:07 P.M. to 5:07 P.M., then subtracting 13 minutes from the total D.Using a number line to count the number of hours from 3:20 P.M. to 4:20 P.M., the number of minutes from 4:20 P.M. to 4:50 P.M., and the number of minutes from 4:50 P.M. to 5:07 P.M., then adding the totals together

A, B, C

Which THREE of the following strategies will best help students learn about the most effective ways to avoid catching the common cold? A.Having students browse reputable Web sites to read about the transmission of airborne viruses B.Having students create a list of misconceptions about respiratory diseases C.Having students make signs that can serve as reminders of the importance of handwashing D.Having students wear hats and mittens when playing outside in cold weather

C.Composing songs by choosing preexisting melodic phrases and assembling viable melodies according to teacher-provided guidelines

Which activity most directly addresses learning about the structure of music? A.Participating in student-directed time at free-play centers with a variety of simple percussion instruments and noisemaking toys B.Listening to musical selections while using expressive movement and engaging in a class discussion of feelings, ideas, and emotional experiences C.Composing songs by choosing preexisting melodic phrases and assembling viable melodies according to teacher-provided guidelines D.Listening to peers perform short prepared and improvised performances, then reacting to and critiquing the performances in newspaper-style written reviews

D. Students determining the meaning of a word by considering the word's parts

Which of the following activities involves structural analysis? A. Students identifying the beginning, middle, and ending sounds of words B. Students using individual sounds to blend the letters that make up a word C. Students determining the number of syllables that make up different words D. Students determining the meaning of a word by considering the word's parts

C.Designing a mini obstacle course and giving students a time to complete it

Which of the following activities most effectively develops students' agility skills? A.Asking students to work together to stretch their bodies into a letter of the alphabet B.Playing music and having students twirl hula hoops around their waist C.Designing a mini obstacle course and giving students a time to complete it D.Having students balance on plyometric boxes

B. Using a thermometer to illustrate extreme temperatures recorded at the South Pole

Which of the following activities will best help kindergarten students understand the concept of negative numbers? A. Watching a needle on a dial that shows how fast a wheel is turning B. Using a thermometer to illustrate extreme temperatures recorded at the South Pole C. Moving the hands of a clock back an hour at the beginning of daylight saving time D. Placing money from a change purse into a piggy bank

C.Slicing an orange at different angles

Which of the following activities will best help students learn about the cross sections formed when a plane intersects a sphere? A.Having students draw several concentric circles and the common center point B.Drawing several circles and ellipses on a whiteboard C.Slicing an orange at different angles D.Having students trace various circular objects, such as coins

A.Creating word maps for each word

Which of the following activities will most effectively help students understand the meaning of unknown vocabulary words? A.Creating word maps for each word B.Looking up the definitions for the words C.Writing each word in a sentence D.Reading the text that includes the words

D.Researching the reasons for the start of the Second World War

Which of the following activities would best help students develop an understanding of twentieth-century developments in the United States? A.Reviewing the events surrounding the development of the first textile mill B.Examining the effect of the cotton gin on agricultural production C.Analyzing the impact of railroads on migration patterns D.Researching the reasons for the start of the Second World War

D.Arts education offers vital enrichment experiences to students from financially disadvantaged backgrounds.

Which of the following generalizations is most consistent with current arts education research findings? A.High-quality arts education programs must require parental participation to ensure equal opportunity for student success. B.Visual arts instruction helps close achievement gaps only if implemented in the primary grades. C.Integration of the arts into the general curriculum adequately refines students' foundational art skills. D.Arts education offers vital enrichment experiences to students from financially disadvantaged backgrounds.

C. Students are given a page with a letter centered on the page. They are asked to write a sentence with four to six words, with each word starting with the letter on the page.

Which of the following is a student activity that reinforces the poetic element of alliteration? A. Students are given a page with a word written down the left side. They are asked to write a sentence or phrase, each one starting with a letter in the word. B. Students are given a page with a topic written on it. They are asked to write five lines about the topic they have been given. C. Students are given a page with a letter centered on the page. They are asked to write a sentence with four to six words, with each word starting with the letter on the page. D. Students are given a page with a word centered on the page. They are asked to write as many words as they can that rhyme with the word.

C. The shape of each face of the geometric solid and where the faces can be connected

Which of the following is most important for a student to consider before creating a net of a geometric solid? A. The number of cubes with sides of unit length that can fit inside the geometric solid B. The number of vertices of the geometric solid C. The shape of each face of the geometric solid and where the faces can be connected D. The total surface area of the geometric solid

C.Using an area model comprised of two adjacent rectangles with sides 80 and 49 and sides 80 and 1, respectively

Which of the following is the most effective way to help students understand why 49×80 49 x 80 equals 3,920 A.Using manipulatives to show that when 49 is added to itself 80 times, the result is 3,920 B.Using manipulatives to show that when 80 is added to itself 49 times, the result is 3,920 C.Using an area model comprised of two adjacent rectangles with sides 80 and 49 and sides 80 and 1, respectively D.Using the algorithm of multiplication to show all partial products, and pointing out that 8×9=72

C.Using an area model comprised of two adjacent rectangles with sides 80 and 49 and sides 80 and 1, respectively

Which of the following is the most effective way to help students understand why 49×80 equals 3,920 A.Using manipulatives to show that when 49 is added to itself 80 times, the result is 3,920 B.Using manipulatives to show that when 80 is added to itself 49 times, the result is 3,920 C.Using an area model comprised of two adjacent rectangles with sides 80 and 49 and sides 80 and 1, respectively D.Using the algorithm of multiplication to show all partial products, and pointing out that 8×9=72, 8 x 4= 32, 72 + 320=392, 392 x 10= 3920

C.Cube, circle, square, sphere, triangle, tetrahedron

Which of the following lists of shapes is best for a teacher to use in a lesson in which students identify shapes as two-dimensional or three-dimensional based on their properties? A.Cube, rectangular prism, pyramid, octahedron B.Rhombus, kite, parallelogram, square, rectangle C.Cube, circle, square, sphere, triangle, tetrahedron D.Sphere, cylinder, cone, slanted cone

A.What I just read reminds me of . .

Which of the following sentence starters is most likely to help students make text-to-text connections within the books they are reading? A.What I just read reminds me of . . . B.The main characters are motivated by . . . C.If this story were set in another time period . . . D.The author wrote this story to show that . . .

A.Asking students to restate sentences from a text in their own words

Which of the following teaching strategies will best help improve students' reading comprehension? A.Asking students to restate sentences from a text in their own words B.Providing students with opportunities to engage in choral reading C.Showing students how to determine the number of syllables in a word D.Having students identify words in a text that have the same rime

D. Dialogue

Which of the following terms is most closely associated with dramatic writing? A. Rhyme B. Alliteration C. Meter D. Dialogue

D.Using rectangular arrays

Which of the following will most likely help students understand the concept of the factors of a whole number? A.Using a stem-and-leaf plot B.Using a factor tree C.Memorizing a multiplication table D.Using rectangular arrays

C.A teacher has students complete a closure assignment at the end of a lesson to determine any misconceptions before the next lesson.

Which statement best describes a teacher using a formative assessment to adjust instruction? A.A teacher provides reading material to the students at the start of the unit to provide them with foundational knowledge. B.A teacher assigns a group project to students during the lesson to reinforce the concepts being taught. C.A teacher has students complete a closure assignment at the end of a lesson to determine any misconceptions before the next lesson. D.A teacher has students complete a test at the end of a unit to determine their level of understanding.

A, E

Which two classroom activities would most help students understand the structure of the United States government? A.Constructing a diagram that outlines the powers of the different branches of the government B.Reading an informational text about the history of the government C.Writing an essay about the founders of the United States government D.Listening to speeches by United States government leaders E.Creating scenarios in which government officials apply checks and balances