Prep U Chapter 49

The nurse is assessing a diverse group of clients. What client is at a greater risk for the development of hypothyroidism?

A 75-year-old female client with osteoporosis

The nurse is providing care for an older adult client whose current medication regimen includes levothyroxine. As a result, the nurse should be aware of the heightened risk of adverse effects when administering an IV dose of what medication?

A benzodiazepine

Which of the following can be performed to determine a client's general status and rule out disorders?

A complete blood count and chemistry profile

Which of the following hormones controls secretion of adrenal androgens?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

During a client education session, the nurse describes the role of endocrine glands. Which homeostatic process is regulated by hormones?

All options are correct

The nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism. What level of activity would the nurse expect to promote?

Ambulation and activity as tolerated

The primary function of the thyroid gland includes which of the following?

Control of cellular metabolic activity

Which disorder is characterized by a group of symptoms produced by an excess of free circulating cortisol from the adrenal cortex?

Cushing syndrome

The nurse providing care for a client with Cushing syndrome has identified the nursing diagnosis of risk for injury related to weakness. How should the nurse best reduce this risk?

Establish falls-prevention measures.

A client with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on the critical care unit. The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with this condition is what?

Excess fluid volume

The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing which substances?

Glucocorticoids and androgens

The pharmacology instructor is discussing the endocrine system with a class of pre-nursing students. What would the instructor tell the students is considered to be a hormone?

Norepinephrine

The nurse is caring for a client with Addison disease who is scheduled for discharge. When teaching the client about hormone replacement therapy, the nurse should address what topic?

The need for lifelong steroid replacement

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory order for a client suspected of having an endocrine disorder. The lab slip includes obtaining cortisol levels. What is being tested?

adrenal function

A client is undergoing diagnostics for an alteration in thyroid function. What physiologic function is affected by altered thyroid function?

metabolic rate

Cardiac effects of hyperthyroidism include

palpitations.

A client seeks treatment for disturbed sleep cycles and depressed mood. Which gland and hormone are involved in regulating sleep cycles and mood?

pineal gland; melatonin

During a client education session, the nurse describes the mechanism of hormone level maintenance. What causes most hormones to be secreted?

decrease in hormonal levels

A nurse educator is teaching a chapter on "The Function of the Endocrine System." Which hormone would not be included as one of the six hypothalamic hormones?

prolactin

A nurse is caring for a client with a kidney disorder. What hormone released by the kidneys initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume?

renin

When high levels of plasma calcium occur, the nurse is aware that the following hormone will be secreted:

Calcitonin

Which diagnostic test is done to determine a suspected pituitary tumor?

Computed tomography

A client with hypofunction of the adrenal cortex has been admitted to the medical unit. What would the nurse most likely find when assessing this client?

Decreased blood pressure

While palpating the neck of a client diagnosed with a thyroid disorder, the nurse takes special care to be very gentle. What is the rationale for the nurse's action?

Deep palpation of the thyroid can result in excessive release of thyroid hormone.

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism secondary to Hashimoto thyroiditis. When assessing this client, what sign or symptom would the nurse expect?

Fatigue

The student nurse is labeling a diagram of the endocrine system. What organ would the student nurse not include in the diagram because it is not a major organ of the endocrine system?

Gallbladder

A nurse caring for a client with diabetes insipidus is reviewing laboratory results. What is an expected urinalysis finding?

Highly dilute urine

A client has returned to the floor after having a thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer. What laboratory finding may be an early indication of parathyroid gland injury or removal?

Hypocalcemia

The typical triad of manifestations seen in a client diagnosed with pheochromocytoma does not include which of the following?

Hypotension

The pharmacology instructor is diagramming the nervous and endocrine systems. What organ would the instructor diagram as the connector between the nervous and endocrine systems?

Hypothalamus

The physiology instructor is talking with the class of nursing students. What would the instructor explain to the students is the connecting link between the nervous system and the endocrine system?

Hypothalamus

A client is scheduled for a thyroid test. Which of the following findings in the client's history would the nurse bring to the physician's attention before initiating the thyroid test?

Intravenous pyelogram 2 months ago

The negative feedback system along the HPA may include a secondary dimension. Current thought is that the anterior pituitary may be sensitive to TSH levels as well as thyroid hormone. What does this regulate in the body?

Its own production of TSH

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of Addison disease. What sign or symptom is most closely associated with this health problem?

Muscle weakness

Which glands regulate calcium and phosphorous metabolism?

Parathyroid

A client visits the clinic to seek treatment for disturbed sleep cycles and depressed mood. Which glands and hormones help to regulate sleep cycles and mood?

Pineal gland, melatonin

Which gland was originally identified as the master gland?

Pituitary

The nurse is planning the care of a client with hyperthyroidism. What should the nurse specify in the client's meal plan?

Small, frequent meals, high in protein and calories

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has which effects on the kidney?

Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion

A nurse explains to a client with thyroid disease that the thyroid gland normally produces:

T3, thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin.

Hormones are chemicals produced in the body to perform specific functions. What is a characteristic of a hormone?

They travel through the blood to specific receptor sites throughout the body

A group of nursing students are doing a presentation on hormones. What hormone would the presentation show regulates the metabolic rate and influences the growth and development of the body?

Thyroid hormone

A nurse is performing an examination and notes that the client exhibits signs of exophthalmos. What has the nurse observed?

abnormal bulging or protrusion of the eyes

While preparing a client with mild cognitive impairment for upcoming diagnostics, the nurse includes the client's family during the information-gathering portion of the assessment. The nurse takes this action in order to:

confirm the medications the client is using.

The nurse is educating a couple who has had difficulty with conception. The client asks about the hormone, which is responsible for the production of eggs. The nurse answers that this hormone is called:

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A client has been experiencing a decrease in serum calcium. After diagnostics, the physician proposes the calcium level fluctuation is due to altered parathyroid function. What is the typical number of parathyroid glands?

four

A client has had an alteration in the production of T lymphocytes and is undergoing diagnostics. What gland aids in the development of T lymphocytes?

thymus