prep U oncology key terms

A client diagnosed with acute myelocytic leukemia has been receiving chemotherapy. During the last 2 cycles of chemotherapy, the client developed severe thrombocytopenia requiring multiple platelet transfusions. The client is now scheduled to receive a third cycle. How can the nurse best detect early signs and symptoms of thrombocytopenia?

Closely observe the client's skin for petechiae and bruising

The nurse is caring for a client is scheduled for chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct response: "I hope they find a bone marrow donor who matches."

the drug interleukin-2 is an example of which type of biologic response modifier?

Cytokine

The nurse is providing an educational presentation on dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of cancer. Which of the following food selections would demonstrate a good understanding of the information provided in the presentation? Select all that apply.

Egg white omelet with spinach and mushrooms Steamed broccoli and carrots Turkey breast on whole wheat bread

What intervention should the nurse provide to reduce the incidence of renal damage when a patient is taking a chemotherapy regimen?

Encourage fluid intake to dilute the urine

A patient will be having an endoscopic procedure with a diagnostic biopsy. What type of biopsy does the nurse explain will remove an entire piece of suspicious tissue?

Excisional biopsy

The client is diagnosed with a benign brain tumor. Which of the following features of a benign tumor is of most concern to the nurse?

Tumor pressure against normal tissues

what dose benign tumor indicate

benign tumor doesn't usually cause death

he patient diagnosed with thrombocytopenia is at risk for which of the following adverse effects:

bleeding

A young female client has received chemotherapeutic medications and asks about any effects the treatments will have related to her sexual health. The most appropriate statement by the nurse is

You will need to practice birth control measures."

patient states I dont want to be throwing up after chemo what can be done?

chemotherapy treatment can be adjusted to optemize the effects while limiting the adverse effects

The nurse is evaluating the client's risk for cancer. The nurse should recommend the client change which lifestyle choice?

eats red meat such as steaks or hamburgers every day

The nurse is working with a client who has had an allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The nurse notices a diffuse rash and diarrhea. The nurse contacts the physician to report that the client has symptoms of

graft-versus-host disease.

What foods should the nurse suggest that the patient consume less of in order to reduce nitrate intake because of the possibility of carcinogenic action?

ham and bacon

why is it recommended to get the HPV vaccine?

help prevent cervical cancer

a nurse instruct a patient receiving chemotherapy on actions to prevent the development of stomatitis. which patient statements indicates the nurse teaching was effective?

i will brush my teeth after every meal

A client has received several treatments of bleomycin. It is now important for the nurse to assess

lung sounds

Which is a growth-based classification of tumors?

malignancy

When a client receives vincristine, an antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA and protein synthesis, the client needs to be informed to report which symptoms that would be expected side effects of motor neuropathy? Select all that apply.

muscle weakness cramps and spasm in the legs loss of balance and cordination

Which type of surgery is used in an attempt to relieve complications of cancer?

palliative

A nurse is receiving a client with a radioactive implant for the treatment of cervical cancer. What is the nurse's best action?

place the patient on a private room

which if the following dose the nurse access during a bone marrow transplant?

psychological status

Following surgery for adenocarcinoma, the client learns the tumor stage is T3,N1,M0. What treatment mode should the nurse anticipate?

adjuvant therapy

The nurse is providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What dietary modifications should the nurse advise?

avoid spicy and fatty foods

A client is recovering from a craniotomy with tumor debulking. Which comment by the client indicates to the nurse a correct understanding of what the surgery entailed?

I guess the doctor could not remove the entire tumor.

For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?

Inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift

An oncology client will begin a course of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for the treatment of bone metastases. What is one means by which malignant disease processes transfer cells from one place to another?

Invading healthy host tissues

Which of the following is a characteristic of a malignant tumor?

It gains access to the blood and lymphatic channels

The nurse is caring for a client undergoing an incisional biopsy. Which statement does the nurse understand to be true about an incisional biopsy?

It removes a wedge of tissue for diagnosis.

A nurse is caring for a client after a bone marrow transplant. What is the nurse's priority in caring for the client?

Monitor the client to prevent sepsis.

A client asks the nurse what is causing the fatigue following radiotherapy. What is the nurse's best response?

Substances are released when tumor cells are destroyed.

A client is undergoing chemotherapy treatment for prostate cancer and has lost considerable weight due to nausea and vomiting. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the client?

Adjusting the client's meal plan before and after chemotherapy

Which type of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is characterized by cells from a donor other than the patient?

Allogeneic

he nurse is conducting a screening for familial predisposition to cancer. Which element should the nurse note as a possible indication of hereditary cancer syndrome?

An aunt and uncle diagnosed with cancer

A client is receiving external radiation to the left thorax to treat lung cancer. Which intervention should be part of this client's care plan?

Avoiding using soap on the irradiated areas

Which oncologic emergency involves the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space?

Cardiac tamponade

a pat with chemo has a WBC of 30000 which statement by the patient determines need for intervention.

I floss my teeth every morning

A client undergoes a biopsy of a suspicious lesion. The biopsy report classifies the lesion according to the TNM staging system as follows: Tis, N0, M0. What does this classification mean?

arcinoma in situ, no abnormal regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of distant metastasis