PrepU Ch. 38 Digestion & GI - Adult MedSurg

Which of the following is the primary function of the small intestine?

Absorption

Which of the following digestive enzymes aids in the digesting of starch?

Amylase

An older adult client is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of an acute flare-up of a chronic GI condition. In addition to assessing the client for complications of the current illness, the nurse monitors for age-related changes in the GI tract. What age-related change increases the risk of anemia?

Atrophy of the gastric mucosa

An older adult client is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of an acute flare-up of a chronic gastrointestinal condition. In addition to assessing the client for complications of the current illness, the nurse monitors for age-related changes in the gastrointestinal tract. Which age-related change increases the risk of anemia?

Atrophy of the gastric mucosa

When assisting with preparing a client scheduled for a barium swallow, which of the following would be appropriate to include?

Avoid smoking for at least 12-24 hours before the procedure.

When assisting with preparing a client scheduled for a barium swallow, what nursing instruction would be appropriate to include?

Avoid smoking for at least a day before the procedure.

Which of the following is the most definitive means of assessing for liver disease?

Biopsy

The nurse is to obtain a stool specimen from a client who reported that he is taking iron supplements. The nurse would expect the stool to be which color?

Black

A client reports a history of bleeding hemorrhoids to the nurse. Which observation supports the client's statement?

Blood streaks on stool

A nurse is assessing a client for GI dysfunction. What is the most common symptom in a client with GI dysfunction?

Dyspepsia

The nurse is performing an assessment of a patient. During the assessment the patient informs the nurse of some recent "stomach trouble." What does the nurse know is the most common symptom of patients with GI dysfunction?

Dyspepsia

The nurse is investigating a client's report of pain in the duodenal area. Where should the nurse perform the assessment?

Epigastric area and consider possible radiation of pain to the right subscapular region

The nurse is providing community education at the mall. The nurse is instructing on the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. The nurse outlines this structure on a drawing and labels it with which of the following?

Esophagus

The nurse is caring for a client with a GI condition. For which reason will the nurse question the client being scheduled for a barium enema?

Frank blood in stool

A few hours after eating hot and spicy chicken wings, a client presents with lower chest pain. He wonders if he is having a heart attack. How should the nurse proceed first?

Further investigate the initial complaint

A client with abdominal pain is scheduled for a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast. Which assessment will the nurse complete before transporting the client for the diagnostic test?

History of allergies

The nurse auscultates the abdomen to assess bowel sounds. She documents five to six sounds heard in less than 30 seconds. How does the nurse document the bowel sounds?

Hyperactive

The nurse is working on a general medical unit. A client is scheduled for an upper gastrointestinal series. Upon returning to the nursing unit, what does the nurse identify as the client goal?

Increase in the amount of fluids

The nurse is working on a general medical unit. A client is scheduled for an upper gastrointestinal series. Upon return to the nursing unit, what does the nurse identify as the client goal?

Increase the amount of fluids

Gastrin has which of the following effects on GI motility?

Increased motility of the stomach

A client is scheduled for an upper gastrointestinal barium study. Which teaching will the nurse provide for the client to prepare for this diagnostic test?

Ingest nothing by mouth after midnight

A client is scheduled for an upper GI barium study. Which teaching will the nurse provide for the client to prepare for this diagnostic test?

Ingest nothing by mouth after midnight.

The nurse is preparing to examine the abdomen of a client with reports of nausea and vomiting. What action would the nurse perform first?

Inspection

A focused GI assessment begins with a complete history and physical examination. Identify the quadrant of the abdomen to be palpated or percussed for a patient with pancreatitis.

Left upper

After 20 seconds of auscultating for bowel sounds on a client recovering from abdominal surgery, the nurse hears nothing. What should the nurse do based on the assessment findings?

Listen longer for the sounds.

Swallowing is regulated by which area of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Medulla oblongata

A nurse is giving a client barium swallow test. What is the most important assessment a nurse would make to ensure that a client does not retain any barium after a barium swallow?

Monitoring the stool passage and its color.

The nurse is providing client education about which parts of the body are involved in the digestion of food. What part of the GI tract begins the digestion of food?

Mouth

The nurse is working with clients with digestive tract disorders. Which of the following organs does the nurse realize has effects as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?

Pancreas

The nurse is assisting the health care provider with a gastric acid stimulation test for a client. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer subcutaneously to stimulate gastric secretions?

Pentagastrin

Which of the following is an enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa?

Pepsin

Which diagnostic produces images of the body by detecting the radiation emitted from radioactive substances?

Positron emission tomography (PET)

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a percutaneous liver biopsy. Which diagnostic test is obtained prior?

Prothrombin time (PT)

The nurse is scheduling gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic testing for a client. Which GI test should be scheduled first?

Radiography of the gallbladder

The nurse is instructing the client who was newly diagnosed with peptic ulcers. Which of the following diagnostic studies would the nurse anticipate reviewing with the client?

Serum antibodies for H. pylori

The instructor has just finished teaching a group of students about the various organs of the upper GI tract and possible disorders. The instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which structure as possibly being affected?

Stomach

The nurse is preparing to examine the abdomen of a client who reports a change in bowel pattern. The nurse would place the client in which position?

Supine with knees flexed

A client with diabetes begins to have digestive problems and is told by the physician that they are a complication of the diabetes. Which of the following explanations from the nurse is most accurate?

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes.

Which nursing instruction is correct to provide the client following a barium enema?

The stools may be a white or clay colored.

The nurse is assisting the health care provider with a colonoscopy for a client with rectal bleeding. The health care provider requests the nurse to administer glucagon during the procedure. Why is the nurse administering this medication during the procedure?

To relax colonic musculature and reduce spasm.

When describing the role of the pancreas to a client with a pancreatic dysfunction, the nurse would identify which substance as being acted on by a pancreatic lipase?

Triglycerides

When describing the role of the pancreas to a client with a pancreatic dysfunction, the nurse would identify which substance as being acted on by pancreatic lipase?

Triglycerides

Which enzyme aids in the digestion of protein?

Trypsin

A client is scheduled to have an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Which structures are visualized during this procedure?

common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree

When gastric analysis testing reveals excess secretion of gastric acid, the nurse recognizes which medical diagnoses is supported?

duodenal ulcer

Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system>

duodenum

Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system?

duodenum

The nurse is caring for a client with a gastrointestinal condition. For which reason will the nurse question the client being scheduled for a barium enema?

frank blood in stool

The major carbohydrate that tissue cells use as fuel is

glucose.

Which response is a parasympathetic response in the GI tract?

increased peristalsis

The nurse prepares to administer the lavage solution to a client having a colonoscopy completed. The nurse stops and notifies the physician when noting that the client has which condition?

inflammatory bowel disease

The nurse performs an abdominal assessment. The nurse should perform the assessment in which order?

inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

When bowel sounds are heard about every 15 seconds, the nurse would record that the bowel sounds are

normal.

A client tells the nurse that the stool was colored yellow. The nurse assesses the client for

recent foods ingested.

Which procedure is performed to examine and visualize the lumen of the small bowel?

small bowel enteroscopy

A nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the GI tract absorbs food. What is the nurse's best response?

small intestine

The client describes a test previously completed to detect a small bowel obstruction prior to admission to the hospital. The client states that the test involved insertion of a tube through the nose and lasted over 6 hours. The nurse determines which test name should be documented?

upper GI enteroclysis

The nurse recognizes which change of the gastrointestinal system is an age-related change?

weakened gag reflex

The nurse is scheduling a client for a GI motility study. The nurse knows that this type of diagnostic test will aid in determine which of the following alterations?

- Dumping syndrome - Diabetic gastroparesis - Disorders of gastric motility

The nurse is assessing the abdomen of the client with an undiagnosed disorder. In which sequence would the nurse conduct the abdominal assessment? Use all options.

- Inspection - Auscultation - Percussion - Palpation

The nurse is caring for a client recovering from a colonoscopy. Which assessment finding will the nurse expect in the client after the procedure?

Abdominal cramps

A patient is scheduled for a fiberoptic colonoscopy. What does the nurse know that fiberoptic colonoscopy is most frequently used to diagnose?

Cancer

What would the nurse recognize as preventing a client from being able to take a fecal occult blood test (FOBT)?

The client has hemorrhoidal bleeding

The nurse is teaching the client about the upcoming endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Although the nurse instructs on several pertinent points of care, which is emphasized?

The client will need to be repositioned frequently throughout the procedure in order to prevent injury.

A client is to have an upper GI procedure with barium ingestion and abdominal ultrasonography. While scheduling these diagnostic tests, the nurse must consider which factor?

The ultrasonography should be scheduled before the GI procedure.

A client reports having red stools lately. What will the nurse ask during assessment questioning?

"Have you been eating beets?"

The nurse is preparing a client for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen. Which statement by the client would indicate the need to notify the physician?

"I really don't like to be in small, enclosed spaces."

A home care nurse is caring for a client with reports of epigastric discomfort who is scheduled for a barium swallow. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the test?

"I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test."

A client asks the nurse why the physician ordered the blood test carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nurse answers:

"It indicates if a cancer is present."

The nurse asks a client to point to where the pain is felt. The client asks why this is important. What is the nurse's best response?

"Often the area of pain is referred from another area."

The nurse is caring for a client who reports new onset of diarrhea. Which of the following should the nurse ask this client? Select all that apply.

- "How long ago did the diarrhea start?" - "Does the diarrhea appear to contain mucus?" - "Does the diarrhea awaken you at the night?" - "Have you noticed any blood in the diarrhea?"

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a urea breath test to detect for Helicobacter pylori as a reason for gastric distress. Which instruction(s) will the nurse provide to the client to prepare for this test? Select all that apply.

- Avoid bismuth subsalicylate before the test. - Do not take proton pump inhibitors before the test.

The nurse is preparing to assess the abdomen of a client experiencing a gastrointestinal condition. Place in order the actions the nurse will take to complete this assessment. Use all options.

- Position Supine - Flex the knees - Inspect the skin - Auscultate bowel sounds - Percuss abdominal organs - Palpate for tenderness and masses

Blood flow to the GI tract is approximately what percentage of the total cardiac output?

20%

When completing a nutritional assessment of a patient who is admitted for a GI disorder, the nurse notes a recent history of dietary intake. This is based on the knowledge that a portion of digested waste products can remain in the rectum for how many days after a meal is digested?

3 days

When examining the skin of a client who is dehydrated due to fluid losses from the GI tract, which of the following would be most important?

Checking if the mucous membranes are dry