PrepU Parkinsons
__________ _____________ is an anticholinergic agent used to control tremor and rigidity in Parkinson disease.
Benztropine Mesylate
The most effective drug to treat major symptoms associated with Parkinson's is:
Levodopa.
_____________ increases dopaminergic activity and slows the progression of the disease.
Selegiline
When centrally active anticholinergics are given for Parkinson's disease what adverse effects may occur?
agitation, mental confusion, hallucinations, and psychosis
Side Effects of Anticholinergic drugs
blurred vision dry mouth tachycardia urinary retention decreased sweating may cause fever or heatstroke.
Anticholinergic drugs are used in idiopathic parkinsonism to
decrease salivation, spasticity, and tremors
Levodopa is a __________.
dopaminergic
Choreiform movements, suicidal tendencies, and psychotic episodes are serious adverse reactions associated with the use of ____________.
levodopa
Since levodopa can dilate pupils and raise intraocular pressure, it is contraindicated in ___________-__________ __________.
narrow-angle glaucoma.
Adverse effects of dopaminergic drugs such as carbidopa-levodopa include _________ ____________
orthostatic hypotension
Cardinal signs of Parkinson's disease are
tremor rigidity bradykinesia postural instability.
Clients with Parkinson's disease are at risk for aspiration; therefore, the nurse should instruct the ancillary staff member to make sure the head of the client's bed is elevated to ________ degrees before assisting the client with eating.
90
__________drugs are used to reduce the symptoms of dyskinesia and other side effects.
Anticholinergic
____________ _____________ is a dopamine agonist.
Bromocriptine mesylate
A nurse is educating a client who has Parkinson's disease and family regarding possible adverse effects of carbidopa-levodopa. The nurse emphasizes which should be a closely monitored effect?
involuntary movements
A client is receiving levodopa as treatment for Parkinson disease. The nurse would instruct the client to avoid foods high in which vitamin to prevent a reduction in the effect of levodopa?
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
A patient with Parkinson's disease is experiencing an on-off syndrome. What does the nurse recognize that the patient's clinical symptoms will be?
The patient will have periods of near immobility, followed by a sudden return of effectiveness of the medication.
A 52-year-old male client is being treated for Parkinson's disease. The nurse is aware that Parkinson's disease results in several physical manifestations. What occurs in the neurons that causes these symptoms?
There is an imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine.
Most clients within 5 to 10 years of taking levodopa develop a response to the medication called ____________, manifested as facial grimacing, rhythmic jerking movements of the hands, head bobbing, chewing and smacking movements, and involuntary movements of the trunk and extremities.
dyskinesia
A nurse is caring for a patient who has received carbidopa/levodopa. After administration of the first dose of the drug, the patient has developed gastrointestinal disturbances. Which nursing intervention should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?
Administer the next drug dose with meals.
A patient with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse what can be done to prevent problems with bowel elimination. What would be an intervention that would assist this patient with a regular stool pattern?
Adopt a diet with moderate fiber intake.
A nurse is caring for 70-year-old patient who is undergoing anticholinergic drug therapy. The nurse should assess for which condition when caring for this elderly patient?
Confusion and disorientation
Which topic is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for a client newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease?
Maintaining a safe environment
_________________ administered with the herbal supplement St. John's wort will enhance the stimulation of serotonergic receptors to cause hyperpyrexia and death.
Rasagiline
The home health nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands that the purpose of adding selegiline with carbidopa-levodopa to the medication regime should result in which purpose?
Slows the progression of the disease
Amantadine is an __________ agent.
antiviral
The three major features of Parkinson's include:
rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremors