PrepU Theory, Research, and Evidence-Informed Practice Chapter 2

A nurse researcher is planning to conduct a research study and applies to the appropriate Institutional Review Board (IRB) for approval. When applying to the IRB, which information would the nurse researcher be required to include? Select all that apply.

-Detailed plans for data security -A proposed consent form

Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?

Drug metabolism

Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?

Evidence-based research

A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting?

Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?

Person

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?

Qualitative

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

adults.

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice.

A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?

Quantitative research

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge

A nurse is using the quantitative research process to study the cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and how to prevent them. Which actions are examples of the components of this process? Select all that apply.

-The nurse formulates a hypothesis and variables in the study. -The nurse collects data from subjects in the study

The nurse is reading about nursing theorists for a class. The theory reveals the following, "Individuals who use self-care to sustain life and health, to recover from disease or injury, or to cope with its effects." Which individual developed this theory?

Dorothea Orem

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson.

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research

Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?

Nursing Theory

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?

Preventing skin breakdown

Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge?

Authoritative knowledge

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?

General systems theory

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?

General systems theory

The nurse researcher is aware that the type of variable that can be manipulated in a study is which type of variable?

Independent

When following evidence-based practice, a nurse's actions are based on which sources of information? (Select all that apply.)

-National standards -National guidelines -Targeted literature -Published research

A nurse researcher is reviewing the Privacy Rule under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and finds information about handling protected health information (PHI). The nurse researcher would most likely find rules for which aspects of PHI? Select all that apply.

-Sharing -Usage -Access

A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading?

Abstract

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

Chromium Supplements

A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making?

Developmental theory

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

Evaluating practice change

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?

Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?

Traditional Knowledge

A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?

Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.