preschoolers 1
What play activity should the nurse provide for a 4-year-old child on bedrest?
Correct1 Finger painting on blank sheets of paper
Which statement is true regarding nightmares in preschoolers?
The child may be reassured by another's presence.
What is the average duration of sleep per night for a preschooler?
12hr
A nurse is reviewing the report of a biopsy taken from a preschool child's brain tumor. The tumor is a cerebellar astrocytoma. The nurse determines that this tumor is:
Benign and associated with a high rate of cure
A 3½ -year-old child with severe iron-deficiency anemia is seen by a nurse in the clinic. In addition to weakness and fatigue, what should the nurse expect the child to exhibit?
Increased pulse rate
A nurse in the child life center encourages preschool children to engage in role play. Why does the nurse consider this an important part of socialization?
It encourages expression of concerns.
A nurse is caring for a preschooler on the pediatric unit. What does the nurse identify as the child's greatest fear at this age?
Mutilation
A health care provider prescribes steroid therapy for a 4-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. What goal of this treatment does the nurse explain to the child's parents?
Stimulates diuresis
The nurse, caring for a 3-year-old child with meningitis, should be alert for which signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure? (Select all that apply.)
Vomiting Headache Irritability
A nurse is preparing to give a 3-year-old toddler an intramuscular injection, and the child starts to cry. What is the most therapeutic approach for the nurse to take?
"It's all right to cry as loud as you want, but don't move."
The parents of a 3-year-old child who has recurrent attacks of acute spasmodic laryngitis (spasmodic croup) ask the nurse why this happens to their child. The best rationale for the nurse to convey why this is a disorder of young children is that they:
Have small airways
A nurse accompanies a 3-year-old child to the pediatric unit's playroom. The toddler seems reluctant to select a toy or activity. Which toy is most appropriate for the nurse to offer as a means of fostering creativity?
Mold and clay
A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when caring for the child? (Select all that apply.)
Pallor Fatigue Multiple bruises
A 4-year-old child is admitted with burns over the entire right arm and the anterior and posterior aspects of both legs. Using the percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) that was burned, the nurse estimates that the TBSA affected is approximately:
41
An IV catheter is to be inserted into a 3-year-old toddler's peripheral vein. As local topical anesthetic is applied, the toddler starts to cry and asks whether the insertion is going to hurt. How should the nurse respond?
Correct1 "Yes, it may hurt, but not for very long."
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child whose arm is immobilized. What play activity is most appropriate for this child?
solving puzzles
A 4-year-old child is found to have acute lymphoblastic leukemia. One of the parents tells the nurse, "We just had a discussion with our pediatrician about starting chemotherapy, consolidation therapy, and radiation therapy. We're so confused, and we don't know what to do. We want to do what is best for our child, but we don't want any unnecessary suffering." What is the best response by the nurse?
"Maybe you could talk with your health care provider about getting a second opinion from a specialist in leukemia."
A 3-year-old boy is found to have X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neither parent has muscular dystrophy. Which statement indicates that the parents understand how the disorder is transmitted?
"Our daughters may be carriers of the disease."
A preschool child is found to have atopic dermatitis. The nurse emphasizes that the child should be discouraged from scratching. The child's mother asks why scratching should be prevented. The nurse responds:
"Scratching results in skin breaks that can lead to infection."
A nurse is preparing an intramuscular injection to be administered to a 2-year-old child. What approach is the most therapeutic?
"This might hurt, but it's important that you be very still."
When preparing a child with asthma for discharge, what instructions must the nurse emphasize to the family? (Select all that apply.)
-Eliminate allergens in the home. -Continue the medications even if the child is asymptomatic.
A hospitalized 3-year-old child with leukemia is undergoing chemotherapy. The mother tells the nurse that her child is asking for fried chicken. How should the nurse respond?.
Any food that is requested should be given, because the child needs calories.
What is the best way for the nurse to greet a 3-year-old child sitting in the waiting room of the pediatric clinic?
Correct1 By walking into the waiting room to greet the child
A 3-year-old child is hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. The child has oliguria and generalized edema. What factor does the nurse identify that will have the greatest effect on the child's adjustment to hospitalization?
Correct1 Lack of parental visits
A parent and 4-year-old child who recently emigrated from Colombia arrive at the pediatric clinic. The child has a temperature of 102° F (38.8° C), is irritable, and has a runny nose. Inspection reveals a rash and several small, red, irregularly shaped spots with blue-white centers in the mouth. What illness does the nurse suspect?
Correct1 Measles
A nurse is trying to involve a hospitalized preschooler in therapeutic play. Why is this so important?
Correct1 The child can work out ways of coping with fears.
The parents of a 4½-year-old child are concerned about the effects of hospitalization on the child. Which behavior should the nurse expect the child to exhibit?
Crying when the parents leave and return but not during their absence
To confirm a tentative diagnosis of leukemia a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are to be performed on a 4-year-old boy. The nurse gives an age-appropriate explanation of the procedure to the child. What else is involved in caring for this child?
Explaining to the child that he will sleep during the procedure
A 4½-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit in preparation for surgery. What psychological responses to hospitalization does the nurse anticipate from this preschooler? (Select all that apply.)
Fearfulness regarding intrusive procedures Misgivings about being punished for a misdeed
A preschool-age boy has been restricted to bedrest since being admitted to the hospital. As he begins to recover, he becomes interested in playing. In light of his developmental level and activity restriction, what should the nurse provide for him?
Little cars and a shoebox garage
Which reactions does a nurse expect of a 4-year-old child in response to illness and hospitalization?
Out-of-control behavior, regression to overdependency, and fear of bodily mutilation
A 4-year-old child is receiving prednisone. Which immunizations are safe for the child to receive? (Select all that apply.)
Pertussis Inactivated poliovirus Tetanus immune globulin
A nurse is caring for 3-year-old children. At what stage of cognitive thought does the nurse expect them to be?
Preconceptional
What should the nurse do to meet the emotional needs of a 4-year-old child who is receiving daily injections?
Provide the child with a doll and related equipment, and observe what happens
What nursing intervention best meets the developmental needs of hospitalized preschool-age children?
Providing materials for simulating activities
A 4-year-old abused child, after being hospitalized for severe injuries, is placed in temporary foster care. The foster family comes to the hospital to meet the child. What action should the nurse take to facilitate their first meeting?
Providing the child and foster family with a private room
A busy work-at-home parent reports little time to interact with preschool children who become easily bored. Which activity is best for the nurse to recommend to keep the children occupied for long periods?
Teach the children games such as tag, jump rope, and hide-and-seek.
A nurse is preparing to take the vital signs of a 4-year-old child who was brought to the well-child clinic. What criterion should the nurse use when selecting the appropriate size of blood pressure cuff?
The width is approximately 40% of the circumference of the upper arm.
A 3-year-old child with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the child health unit during a painful episode. Splenomegaly is identified. The nurse explains to the parents that splenomegaly is:
Triggered by a vaso-occlusive crisis
A child who has been undergoing prolonged steroid therapy takes on a cushingoid appearance. What will the nursing evaluation probably reveal? (Select all that apply.)
Truncal obesity Thin extremities
Monitoring vital signs, particularly the blood pressure and the rate and quality of the pulse, is essential in detecting physiological adaptations in a preschool child with nephrotic syndrome. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse be able to detect from these vital signs?
hypovolemia
A nurse plans care of 4-year-old hospitalized children on the basis of their developmental level. What is the major vulnerability of children this age?
intrusive procedure
A nurse is teaching the parents of a 3-year-old child with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis about their child's special needs. What statement indicates that the parents need further teaching about the issues related to cystic fibrosis?
"We'll have to move to a very warm climate."
A nurse is planning to foster independence in a group of 4-year-old children. What self-care skill does the nurse expect 4-year-olds to be capable of performing?
Putting on a shirt and buttoning it
A 3½-year-old boy from Central America who has tetralogy of Fallot attends the pediatric cardiac clinic for a diagnostic workup before corrective surgery is scheduled. The nurse's evaluation of the child's motor ability demonstrates that he is just beginning to walk unsupported. When comparing this child with other 3½-year-old children, the nurse determines that the child:
Should have started to walk about 2 years earlier
