Principles of Biology Chapter 6 Questions

In this diagram, the cell on the left?

-has a less stable configuration -has more potential energy -is more organized

In this diagram, the molecule on the left?

-has a less stable configuration -has more potential energy -is more organized

Which of the following can act as an enzyme cofactor?

-iron -vitamines -NAD+

In which of the following ways is the enzyme inhibitor warfarin used?

-rat poison -anticoagulant medicine

If an enzymatic reaction was contributed by feedback inhibition, we would expect it to stop?

as soon as a critical level of end product builds up

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning enzymatic activity?

as the temperature increases, most enzymatic reactions will still proceed at the same rate

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the second law of thermodynamics and entropy?

carbon dioxide and water form glucose without the input of energy

The main reason that ATP is considered the energy currency in cells is because it?

contains accessible energy in phosphate bonds

If you wished to increase enzyme activity, you would do all of the following except?

decrease the temperature

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the first law of thermodynamics?

energy can be neither created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another

Which statement most accurately describes the second law of thermodynamics?

energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy

Enzymes are specific. This means that they?

have a particular substrate

Each enzyme has a particular substrate because enzymes?

have active sites complementary in shape to their substrates

The function of an enzyme is to?

increase the rate of a metabolic reaction

Occasionally someone claims to have built a machine that can run forever, producing as much energy as it consumes. This has always been disproved because it violates?

the second law of thermodynamics

Which of the following statements is true about enzymes?

they catalyze only one specific type of reaction

In feedback inhibition of a metabolic pathway, where does the inhibitor bind?

to the enzyme of the first reaction

We often say that we need food for energy. In a biological sense, is this correct?

yes, because the food we eat has potential energy in its structure and this chemical energy can be converted into mechanical energy

Which is NOT a correct attribute of a metabolic pathway?

a constant supply of new enzymes must be produced to keep the metabolic pathway active

Some metabolic reactions require that one molecules undergoes a reaction that causes it to lose energy and that energy is then transferred to a new chemical bond on another molecule. This describes?

a coupled reaction

If A-->B-->C-->D-->E represents a metabolic pathway, then letter E would be

a product

The location in which the enzyme and substrate complexes is called the?

active site

Which is true about energy of activation?

adding the correct enzyme can lower the energy of activation

ATP contains?

an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups

If you give a child a sugary snack you might notice that they become hyperactive right afterward. Much of the sugar in the blood can be quickly absorbed by the neuronal cells of the brain where the glucose is quickly broken down to create ATP. This is an example of which factor affecting rates of enzymatic reactions?

substrate concentration

While paddling your canoe down a river you notice many turtles lying on longs in the sun. This is an example of which factor affecting rates of enzymatic reactions?

temperature

This image demonstrates the second law of thermodynamics in that?

the animal loses some energy to heat when chemical energy is converted to mechanical energy

During an enzymatic reaction, what happens to the enzyme?

the enzyme and the substrate form a temporary complex

The high energy bond in ATP that is used by cells is found in or between?

the phosphate groups

The image demonstrates the first law of thermodynamics in that?

the plants convert light energy from the sun to chemical energy