Project Management Exam

Activity on Node

A type of network diagram where the activities are represented on rectangular nodes with arrows representing the dependencies.

A very accurate measure is ______. a very precise measurement an indicator of high grade an indicator of high quality not necessarily precise

A very accurate measurement is not necessarily precise.

A work package can be _________. scheduled cost estimated monitored and controlled All of the above

A work package can be cost estimated, scheduled, monitored and controlled.

How many consecutive data points need to be outside acceptable limits before adjustment to a process is required? 3 5 7 1

7

Process

"A process is a package of inputs, tools, and outputs used together to do something necessary and valuable for a project" (Andy Crow, 2015)

Regulation

"A regulation is an official document that provides guidelines that must be followed. Compliance with a regulation is mandatory (e.g. in the US, wheelchair ramps are required for many streets and buildings). Regulations are issued by government agencies or another official organization" (Crow, 2015).

Standard

"A standard is a document approved by a recognized body that provides guidelines. Compliance with a standard is not mandatory but may be helpful" (Crow, 2015).

Activity List

A list of every activity that will be performed on the projects.

Phases

"Each phase of a project produces one or more deliverable" (Andy Crow, 2015) Phases can include "design", "construction", "recording", "edit", etc.

The PMBOK® Guide details "good practice" for project management. This means that the approach defined in the PMBOK® Guide_____________. is something that should always be applied uniformly to all projects is something that should be customized for an organization, but internally standardized and applied with complete consistency to ensure optimal results includes the most valuable elements of project management, which any PM should master is a generally agreed-upon set of skills, tools and techniques that will increase chances of success over a wide range of projects

"Good Practice" is the generally agreed-upon set of skills, tools and techniques that is able to increase your chances of success over a wide range of projects.

Lessons Learned

"The key word for you to remember when you think of lessons learned is "variances" (Crow, 2015). Lessons learned are gathered at the end of each phase or at the end of each project, and they focus on variances between the plan and the results. The goal is to detail what lessons were learned that should be shared with future project teams. Lessons Learned are another portion of OPAs (Operations Process Assets) as they were in Historical Information and is a major input to many planning processes. (What was planned, what actually happened, and what would you have done differently).

Baseline

"The term Baseline is used for certain plans: scope, time, cost, and for the project plan itself" (Crow, 2015) The baseline is simply referred to the organizational plan plus any approved changes. In other words, there's a base plan for developing scope that's accepted along with any approved changes.

Exit Gate or Kill Point

"is an evaluation of deliverables of one project phase to determine if the project should continue and the next phase should be initiated" (Andy Crow, 2015)

Which of the following strategies can be used with positive or negative risks? accept share transfer None of the above

Accept

____ refers to the measured value and how close it is to the true value. Precision Accuracy Quality Grade

Accuracy means that the measured value is very close to the true value.

Activities provide the basis for ______ the project work. estimating scheduling monitoring and controlling All of the above

Activities provide the basis for estimating, scheduling, executing, monitoring and controlling the project work.

The term "schedule model" refers to _____. schedule data and calculations the printed schedule information the printed schedule and the schedule data and calculations combined None of the above

Advanced practitioners may refer to the printed project schedule information as the schedule and the schedule data and calculations as the schedule model.

Which of the following are enterprise environmental factor updates to the Develop Project Team process? personnel administration updates for employee training records updates to employee skill assessments All of the above .

All of the Above Personal Administration updates for employee training records updates to employee skill assessments

Which of the following roles should attend the risk planning meeting? stakeholder project team member others, as needed All of the above

All of the Above Stakeholder Project Team Member others, as needed

The SOW references _______________. business need product scope strategic plan All of the above

All three of these items are referenced in a statement of work as defined by the PMBOK® Guide. *All of the above

Any increase to the authorized budget can only be approved through the _______. CCB approval Perform Integrated Change Control process sponsor approval None of the above

Any increase to the authorized budget can only be approved through the Perform Integrated Change Control process.

BAC stands for ______. budget at completion balance at completion budgeted actual cost None of the above

BAC stands for budget at completion.

Portions of a project schedule network diagram are often referred to as _____. a sub network a fragment network Neither of these Both of these

Both of these

McClelland' Three Need Theory

1 of 6 Theories of motivation related to the tool of Recognition and Rewards. Team members have 3 primary needs: Achievement, Power, and Affiliation. Big idea; To successfully motivate the team, a manager should know the primary need of each team member. The need to stand out, to have some control, and to belong to the team Also called Acheivement Theory or McClelland's Theory of Needs.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

1 of 6 theories fo motivation related to the tool of Recognition and Rewards. Abraham Maslow grouped human needs into a hierarchy of 5 categories - 3 Lower and 2 Higher groups of needs. The most basic is Physiological - Shelter, Food, Water Then Security - People must be able to feel secure in their space. Acceptance - Part of a community Esteem - How one views themselves Self Actualization - Buidling on Esteem, Self Actualization happens when people have all other needs met. This is when they can truly find out who they are and define their strengths.

Contingency Theory

1 of 6 theories fo motivation related to the tool of Recognition and Rewards. Fiedler states that the effectiveness of a leader is contingent on 2 factors: Leadership Style The situation or Environment Big Idea - Task - oriented leaders are more effective in stressful environments, whereas relationship - oriented leaders are more effective in relatively calm environments.

McGregor's Theory X and Y

1 of 6 theories fo motivation related to the tool of Recognition and Rewards. McGregor's theory states that managers feel into 2 categories: X and Y Big Idea - Theory X managers do not trust people and believe in the need for constant supervision. Theory Y mangers believe people will perform well whith little supervision and can be trusted.

Hertzberg's Motivation - Hygiene Theory

1 of 6 theories of motivation related to the tool of Recognition and Rewards. Examples of hygiene factors include adequate pay, security, work conditions. Examples of motivational factors include opportunity for promotion growth and recognition. Big Idea: Hygiene factors must be in place before motivational factors will work.

Perform Integrated Change Control Process

Change requests are processed for review and disposition

6 Theories of Motivation

1. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs 2. Herzberg's Motivation - Hygiene Theory 3. McGregor's X and Y Theory 4. Contingency Theory 5. McClelland's Three-Need Theory 6. Expectancy Theory

Actions and activities necessary to transfer the project's products, services or results to the next phase or to production and operations are part of the _____ process. Control Quality Close Project or Phase Control Scope Phase Planning

Close Project or Phase These actions are part of the Close Project or Phase process.

When referring to project funding requirements, total funds required are those in the ______. cost baseline only cost baseline, plus any management reserves management reserves only None of the above

Cost baseline, plus any management reserves When referring to project funding requirements, total funds required are those in the cost baseline, plus any management reserves.

Crashing a project will _____. always produce a viable alternative and result in reduced risk and/or cost not always produce a viable alternative and result in reduced risk and/or cost always produce a viable alternative without increasing risk and/or cost not always produce a viable alternative and may result in increased risk and/or cost

Crashing a project will not always produce a viable alternative and may result in increased risk and/or cost.

_____ is the process used to identify the deliverables at the lowest level in the work breakdown structure.

Create WBS

While there are several communication methods, they can be broadly classified into how many categories? 2 3 5 7

3

While there are several communication methods, they can be broadly classified into how many categories? 2 3 5 7

3

How many types of dependencies or logical relationships are there? 1 2 4 7

4 - There are four types of dependencies: FF, FS, SF and SS.

External

Dependencies relying on factors outside the project.

The group decision making method in which one individual makes the decision for the entire group is _______.

Dictatorship

A _______ predecessor relationship is when the completion of the successor activity depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity. Start to Finish Start to Start Finish to Finish Finish to Start

A Finish to Finish predecessor relationship is when the completion of the successor activity depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity.

___ is when the initiation of the successor activity depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity. Start to Finish Start to Start Finish to Finish Finish to Start

A Finish to Start predecessor relationship is when the initiation of the successor activity depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity.

High performance teams are characterized by_________________. the ability to fulfill project objectives exceeding the schedule and cost requirements Both of these Neither of these

High performance teams are characterized by task-oriented and results-oriented outcomes.

A RACI chart is an example of a ______. hierarchy-type chart schedule optimization tool matrix based chart none of these

A RACI chart (responsible, accountable, consult, inform) is a type of matrix chart that shows the work to be done and how it impacts each of the players involved.

A _______ predecessor relationship is when the initiation of the successor activity depends upon the initiation of the predecessor activity. Start to Finish Start to Start Finish to Finish Finish to Start

A Start to Start predecessor relationship is when the initiation of the successor activity depends upon the initiation of the predecessor activity.

A ____ directs a delay in the successor activity.

Lag

WBS - Work Breakdown Structure

A WBS or Work Breakdown Structure is a chart that represents all work to be completed on a project. The work is represented in a Deliverables-based graphical and hierarchical chart comprised of "nodes" . The lowest group of nodes represented on the graph are called "work packages". The entire structure represents all work to be completed in the project.

Change control meetings are held as part of what process? Direct and manage project work Monitor and control project work Perform Integrated Change Control Evaluate requested changes

Perform Integrated Change Control

Change requests are processed for review and disposition according to the _______. change control board Perform integrated Change Control process project charter Control Scope process

Perform Integrated Change Control Process

_____ is the process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and product, and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance. Perform quality assurance Plan quality management Control quality Perform quality management

Plan Quality Management

A business case for each ____ compares the cost of the quality step to the expected benefit.

A business case for each quality activity compares the cost of the quality step to the expected benefit.

A corporation has initiated a new project to bring a record keeping system up to date (more modern) and to adhere to compliance regulations. A manager for the company is creating the project charter for review. Which of the following would be the most important item that he/she would need in order to complete the task and why? Managerial approval to proceed, because it may affect whether or not the project moves forward. A scope statement because it will set the parameters for project scope. A scope statement, because it will set the parameters for the project scope A business case, because it explains the justification for the project.

A business case, because it explains the justification for the project.

Analysis of scope performance can result in ____ to the project scope baseline. a change request an immediate refactoring a configuration variation a workaround

A change request

Where are the descriptions of the three cost management processes documented? cost management process dictionary reporting formats process descriptions None of the above

Process Descriptions

Delivery requirements is an example of a ________ project requirement product requirement stakeholder requirement acceptance criterion

Project Requirments

___________ includes the processes and activities of the performing organization that determine quality policies, objectives and responsibilities so that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken. Project quality management Project quality control Project quality assurance Project quality planning

Project quality management includes the processes and activities of the performing organization that determine quality policies, objectives and responsibilities so that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.

A ___ approach to risk should be developed for each project, and communication about risk and its handling should be open and honest. conservative consistent open transparent

A consistent approach to risk should be developed for each project, and communication about risk and its handling should be open and honest.

Consistent Approach to Risk

A consistent approach to risk should be developed for each project, and communication about risk and its handling should be open and honest.

A ___ value of greater than 1.0 indicates a cost underrun for the work completed. SPI CPI EV BAC

A cost performance index (CPI) value of greater than 1.0 indicates a cost underrun for the work completed.

The formula for SPI is _______.

SPI = EV/PV

A desire to _____ a positive risk involves allocating some or all of the ownership of the opportunity to a third party who is better able to capture the opportunity for the benefit of the project. accept share exploit enhance

A desire to share a positive risk involves allocating some or all of the ownership of the opportunity to a third party who is better able to capture the opportunity for the benefit of the project. "Share"

The Project Scope Statement Should Contain

A detailed description of the scope.

Analogous Estimating

A form of expert judgement often used early on when there is little information available. An example would be having performed a similar project in the past and using that information in a Top Down estimation that focuses on the "big picture".

Which of these is a traditional organization chart structure that can be used to show positions and relationships in a graphic, top down format? RACI hierarchical-type chart matrix based chart hierarchical matrix chart

A hierarchical-type chart is a traditional organization chart structure that can be used to show positions and relationships in a graphic, top down format.

A _____ is a general management technique used to determine whether particular work could be best accomplished by the project team or purchased from outside sources. make-or-buy decision teaming decision fixed-price contract None of the above

A make-or-buy decision is a general management technique used to determine whether particular work could be best accomplished by the project team or purchased from outside resources.

Delphi Technique

A means of gathering expert judgment where the participants do not know who the others are and therefore are not able to influence each other's opinion. The Delphi technique is designed to prevent groupthink and to find out a participant's real opinion.

Beta Distribution

A method of estimating activity duration using the formula - (Pes + 4x Real+ OP) / 6

Expert Judgment

A method of estimating in which experts are asked to provide input into the schedule. Combining expert judgment with other tools and methods can significantly improve the accuracy of time estimates and reduce risk.

The person or group responsible for evaluating change on a project is: The change control board The sponsor The project team The program manager

The Change Control Board

Portfolio

A portfolio represents and entire investment in projects and programs. Project Portfolios should be aligned to the organization's strategic goals. In fact, an organization's portfoloio might be considered the truest indicator of its real stratigeic goals.

The ___ allows for consistency with the estimates, budgets and control of costs. continuity management plan work breakdown structure cost breakdown structure cost consistency plan

The WBS allows for consistency with the estimates, budgets and control of costs.

The WBS organizes and defines the _______. high level requirements total scope of the project resource assignments items defined in the traceability matrix

The WBS organizes and defines the total scope of the project, and represents the work specified in the current approved project scope statement.

The _____ provides the framework for the cost management plan. AOA PMIS SPI WBS

The WBS provides the framework for the cost management plan.

A _____ is a graphic depiction of processes, with interfaces identified and used to facilitate a process. process metric process boundary process configuration target for improvement

A process configuration is a graphic depiction of processes, with interfaces identified and used to facilitate a process.

The management control point where scope, cost and scheduled are integrated and compared to the earned value for performance measurement, this is called ______. configuration manager control register control account control management point

The control account is a management control point where scope, cost and schedule are integrated and compared to the earned value for performance measurement.

Program

A program is a larger effort that encompasses multiple projects. Generally, these projects are correlated and may include operations. A model of a car, the Ford F-150 is a program that has a number of different projects beneath it, i.e. interior, drive train, or wheels. "For example, building a new airport might be viewed as a program, made up of numerous component projects, and this program would certainly take the ongoing operations into consideration in order to make things run smoothly and to keep ongoing costs under control" (Andy Crow, 2015)

The formula for the EAC forecast for ETC work at the present CPI is ____. EAC=BAC/cumulative CPI EAC=AC+BAC-EV EAC=BAC/cumulative SPI EAC=BAC/cumulative BCWP

The formula for the EAC forecast for ETC work at the present CPI is EAC=BAC/cumulative CPI.

Project Charter

A project charter (PC) is a document that states a project exists and provides the project manager with written authority to begin work. http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/project-charter-PC Created in Develop Project Charter process of Integration Knowledge area. Explains the need addressed by the project, Signed by vendor senior management. It identifies the Project Manager and gives authority to the Project Manager, it includes a high-level project requirements, and high level schedule with a summary budget. This document does not include plans.

Project

A project is defined as a temporary endeavor that requires a "finite group of related tasks undertaken to create a unique project, service, or result" (Andy Crow, 2015). Characteristics include: "A project is time-limited (it has a definite beginning and end) A project is unique (it has not been attempted before by this organization) A project is undertaken for a purpose (it will yield a specific product, service, or result)" (Andy Crow, 2015)

A _____ is a graphic display of project team members and their reporting relationships. project organization chart RACI chart networking diagram WBS

A project organization chart so a graphic display of project team members and their reporting relationships.

A ____ is a schedule that may be developed with a target start and target finish date for each activity. schedule baseline project target schedule Critical Path None of the above

A project target schedule may also be developed with a defined target start and target finish for each activity.

Activity on Arrow

A rarely used type of network diagram where activities are represented by the arrows connecting the notes. Nodes are typically represented by circles in this type of project network diagram.

A risk many be caused by a(n) ____ that creates the possibility of a negative or positive outcome. requirement assumption constraint All of the above

A risk many be caused by a requirement, assumption, constraint or condition that creates the possibility of a negative or positive outcome.

A _____ is a specific version of the project schedule developed from the schedule network analysis. critical path milestone chart schedule baseline None of the above

A schedule baseline is a specific version of the project schedule developed from the schedule network analysis.

______ is the specific version of the project schedule that is developed from the schedule network analysis. Schedule data Schedule baseline Critical path Ishikawa schedule

A schedule baseline is a specific version of the project schedule developed from the schedule network analysis.

A ____ defines the rules and approaches for the scheduling process. scheduling methodology scheduling tool schedule management plan None of the above

A scheduling methodology defines the rules and approaches for the scheduling process.

A scheduling tool can be used_____. in conjunction with a project management software application and manual methods with project management software applications only with a manual process only

A scheduling tool can be used in conjunction with a project management software application and manual methods. with either a scheduling tool or manual methods, but not both at the same time

The project management team must ensure that the _____ is/are fully aware of the policy used for the project through the appropriate distribution of information. project stakeholders project sponsor product owner None of the above

The project management team must ensure that the project stakeholders are fully aware of the policy used for the project through the appropriate distribution of information.

Why is the project manager's bottom-up EAC method problematic? It is not problematic. It requires an additional round of approval by the project sponsor. It interferes with the conduct of project work. None of the above

The project manager's bottom-up EAC method may be problematic in that it interferes with the conduct of project work.

Which of the following documents enables the team to perform more detailed planning and guides the project team's work during execution? execution management plan project charter work breakdown structure project scope statement

The project scope statement enables the team to perform more detailed planning and guides the project team's work during execution.

The scope baseline is a(n) _______ of the Create WBS process input tool/technique output input as well as a tool/technique

The scope baseline is an output of the Create WBS process.

The project management information system would likely include all of the EXCEPT. A schedule tool An information distribution system A system for collecting information from team members. A system for identifying stakeholders

A system for identifying stakeholders.

System

A system incorporates all the formal procedures and tools put in place to manage something. The term system doesn't necessarily refer to a computer system, but it refers to a combination of technologies and tools that are used to make something more efficient and useful.

Duration Compression

A technique primarily made up of two means of compressing the schedule crashing and fast-tracking.

When Task B is scheduled to start up to 5 days after Task A begins, this could be shown as a _____ relationship. Finish to Start Start to Start Start to Finish None of the above

This could be shown as a Start to Start relationship.

Decisions to _____ risk, such as agreements for insurance, services and other items as appropriate, are made during the contract decisions part of the Plan Risk Responses process. exploit avoid transfer enhance

Transfer

The _______ is a document created by the Create WBS process that supports the WBS.

WBS Dictionary

Once defined, the contingency reserve _____.

may be used, reduced or eliminated

The idea of the project manager or project team negotiating and influencing others who are in a position to provide the necessary human resources for the project is part of which process?

Acquire Project Team

___ is the process of confirming human resource availability and obtaining the team necessary to complete project assignments. Acquire Project Team Develop Human Resources Plan Manage Project Team Develop Project Team

Acquire Project Team

___ is the process of confirming human resource availability and obtaining the team necessary to complete project assignments. Acquire Project Team Develop Human Resources Plan Manage Project Team Develop Project Team

Acquire Project Team is the process of confirming human resource availability and obtaining the team necessary to complete project assignments.

_____ is the process of confirming human resource availability and obtaining the team necessary to complete project assignments. Manage Project Team Develop Human Resources Plan Acquire Project Team Develop Project Team

Acquire Project Team is the process of confirming human resource availability and obtaining the team necessary to complete project assignments.

Activities and their related assumptions should be ______. documented monitored measured approved

Activities and their related assumptions should be documented.

Activities are sequenced using______. successor relationships logical relationships established patterns None of the above

Activities are sequenced using logical relationships.

Dependencies

Activities that must be completed before other activities are started.

Schedule data could include which of the following? resource histograms cash-flow projections order and delivery schedules activity attributes

Activity Attributes

The ____ includes sufficient detail to ensure that project team members understand what work is required to be completed. activity identifier work package list WBS activity list

Activity List

The _____ is a comprehensive list including all schedule activities required on the project. activity breakdown WBS work package list activity list

Activity List is a comprehensive list including all schedule activities required on the project

_____ extends the description of the activity by identifying the multiple components associated with each activity. Activity attribution An activity identifier The WBS The product backlog

Activity attribution extends the description of the activity by identifying the multiple components associated with each activity.

Activity duration estimates

Activity duration estimates will affect cost estimates on any project where the project budget includes an allowance for the cost of financing and where resources are applied per unit of time for the duration of the activity.

Which technique is used by most software packages? AOA AON Discretionary Critical Chain

Activity on Node is the method used by most project management software packages.

AC stands for ____. actual cost assumed cost allocated cost None of the above

Actual cost (AC) is the total cost actually incurred and recorded in accomplishing the work performed for an activity of work breakdown structure component.

___ is/are used to find ways to bring project activities that are behind into alignment with the plan.

Adjusting leads and lags

Advanced practitioners may refer to the printed project schedule information as the schedule and the schedule data and calculations as the _______. schedule register schedule matrix schedule model schedule template

Advanced practitioners may refer to the printed project schedule information as the schedule and the schedule data and calculations as the schedule model.

_____ technique allows large numbers of ideas to be sorted into groups for review and analysis. Brainstorming Nominal group Idea/mind mapping Affinity diagram

Affinity diagram

Approved change requests can require ___. new cost estimates risk response alternatives revised activity sequences All of the above

All of the Above

Project cost control includes which of the following? ensuring that all change requests are acted on in a timely manner monitoring work performance against funds expended acting to bring expected cost overruns within acceptable limits All of the above

All of the Above

Project risk objectives can include which of the following? scope schedule cost All of above

All of the Above

Which of the following are considered to be organizational process assets in the Control Schedule Inputs process? existing formal and informal schedule control-related policies, procedures and guidelines schedule control tools monitoring and reporting methods All of the above

All of the Above "existing formal and informal schedule control-related policies, procedures and guidelines schedule control tools monitoring and reporting methods "

Which of the following is a common format for a performance report? bar charts and histograms S-curves tables All of the above

All of the Above - Bar charts, histograms, S-curves and tables are all common formats for performance reports.

Formal limitations by period for the expenditure of project funds can be mandated by_____. the organization by contract by indirectly related parties like government agencies All of the above

All of the above

Project stakeholders are _____ who are actively involved in the project or whose interests may be positively or negatively affected by the execution or completion of the project. customers and sponsors the performing organization the public All of the above

All of the above

When Project Cost Management can include predictions and analysis on prospective financial performance, what additional processes and techniques may they also address? discounted cash flow ROI investment payback analysis All of the above

All of the above

When estimating cost for a project, which of the following may be included? inflation allowance labor contingency cost All of the above

All of the above

When the definition of activity attributes is complete, which of the following attributes are included? activity codes activity ID resource requirements All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following are common dimensions of communication activity? internal and external formal and informal vertical and horizontal All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following are included in the WBS dictionary? responsible organization acceptance criteria associated schedule activities All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following should be considered when developing cost estimates? intellectual property rights health costs safety costs All of the above

All of the above

Which of these are considerations in most likely activity duration estimates? interruptions resource availability resource skill All of the above.

All of the above

The contingency reserve may be ______. a percentage of the estimated cost a fixed number developed using quantitative analysis All of the above

All of the above A percentage of the estimated cost a fixed number developed using quantitative analysis The contingency reserve may be ----

Expert judgment is usually provided by _______________. consultants stakeholders the PMO All of the above

All of the above consultants stakeholders the PMO

Which of the following are included in the WBS dictionary? cost estimates list of schedule milestones contract information All of the above

All of the above Each of the options listed is included in the WBS dictionary Cost estimates list of schedule milestones contract information

The human resources plan contains which of the following? roles and responsibilities project organization chart staffing management plan All of the above

All of the above - Each of the options provided is part of the human resource plan that serves as an input for the Acquire Project Team process

When decomposing the WBS, components are subdivided into fundamental components which represent ______. verifiable results verifiable services verifiable products All of the above

All of the above - When decomposing the WBS, components are subdivided into fundamental components which represent verifiable products, services or results.

Which of the following are key inputs from the risk management plan to the Identify Risk process? role and responsibility assignments provisioning of risk management activities in the project schedule risk categories (may be in the RBS) All of the above

All of the above The key inputs from the risk management plan to the Identify Risk process are role and responsibility assignments, the provisioning of risk management activities in the project schedule and the risk categories, which may have been defined in the RBS.

Which of the following are included in the WBS dictionary? code of account identifier resources required description of work All of the above

All of the above.

Requirements documentation must include which of the following? Support and training requirements Requirements assumptions and constraints All of these None of these

All of these

An organization's business need may be based on _________________. market demand and technological advance legal requirements and government regulation None of these All of these

All of these The business need may be based on all four factors.

Expert judgment can be provided by ___________. consultants stakeholders subject matter experts All of the above

All of these are examples of the many sources who can provide expert judgment.

The principles of EVM can be applied to _____. IT projects government projects large scale projects all projects in any industry

All projects in any industry

Discretionary

Also called "Soft Logic" Expert judgment and best practices often dictate that particular activities are performed in a particular order. The dependencies are discretionary because they are based on expert opinion rather than mandatory or hard logic.

Mandatory Dependency

Also called "hard logic" theses are activities that must be completed in succession.

Which of the following are examples of alternative schedule types that are supplied as supporting detail in schedule data? best-case and worst-case not resource-leveled with imposed dates All of the above

Alternative schedule types which are provided as support detail in schedule data include: best-case or worst-case, not resource-leveled, or resource leveled, with or without imposed dates.

In the Estimate Activity Resources process, what is a resource calendar? an input an output A tool and technique Neither

An Input

Dummy Activity

An activity in a network diagram that does not have any time associated with it. It is only included to show a relationship and is usually represented as a dotted or dashed line. Dummy activities only exist in activity on arrow diagrams.

Composite

An organization that has more than one type of reporting structure. Many larger organizations have both functional and projectized structure across the enterprise. Who's in charge varies according to the group that contains the project. Benefits May include any of the benefits from other organizations. Drawbacks Added organizational types may introduce more complexity.

____ is frequently used to estimate a parameter when there is a limited amount of detailed information about the project. Expert judgment Parametric estimating Top up estimating Analogous cost estimating

Analogous cost estimating is frequently used to estimate a parameter when there is a limited amount of detailed information about the project.

_____ is a gross value estimating approach. Analogous estimating Expert judgment Parametric estimating Bottom up estimating

Analogous estimating is a gross value estimating approach.

____ uses parameters such as duration, budget, size and complexity from a previous similar project as a basis for estimation. Parametric estimating Analogous estimating Three-point estimating None of the above

Analogous estimating uses parameters such as duration, budget, size and complexity from a previous similar project as a basis for estimation.

Project Context

Another major area of study for the PMP Exam is the concept of a Project Context. The organizational environment where the project is carried out. A large portion of the project context is determined by the organization's structure or type of organization.

Changes may be requested by_____. only members of the project team any stakeholder on the project only stakeholders officially designated in the change control process the PM or product owner

Any stakeholder on the project may submit a change request.

The PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct is ____________.

Applied Globally

Crashing

Applying more resources to reduce duration. Crashing the schedule usually increases cost.

If a product is defective and reworked by the project team, this falls under Direct and Manage Project Work. What are the inputs and outputs?

Approved Change Request is an Input and Deliverables are an Output.

As a general rule, when the project encounters a negative risk event, the near term cost of the project will usually _________ and there will sometimes be a delay in the project schedule. decrease increase stay constant There is no general rule for how anything will react.

As a general rule, when the project encounters a negative risk event, the near term cost of the project will usually increase and there will sometimes be a delay in the project schedule.

As the project progresses the team can develop a forecast for ___ that may differ from the budget at completed. estimate at complete estimate to complete BCWP None of the above

As the project progresses the team can develop a forecast for estimate at completion that may differ from the budget at completed.

As the project progresses through the lifecycle what happens to the accuracy of the cost estimates? They become more accurate. They become less accurate. They are not impacted by how far along in the lifecycle the project has evolved. None of the above

As the project progresses through the lifecycle what happens to the accuracy of the cost estimates typically increases.

___ expedite the scheduling process by generating start and finish dates based on the inputs of activities, network diagrams, resources and activity durations. Leveling adjustments Automated scheduling tools Lead/Lag Adjustments None of the above

Automated scheduling tools expedite the scheduling process by generating start and finish dates based on the inputs of activities, network diagrams, resources and activity durations.

____ involves changing the project management plan to eliminate the threat entirely. Avoid Transfer Mitigate Accept

Avoid involves changing the project management plan to eliminate the threat entirely.

___ show activity start and end dates, as well as expected durations, using bars. Bar charts Schedule network diagrams Milestone charts Gantt charts

Bar charts show activity start and end dates, as well as expected durations, using bars.

Prototypes allows users to experiment with a model of their final product because they are _____________. intangible tangible loosely coupled iterative

Because prototypes are tangible, they allow the stakeholder to experiment with a model of their final product rather than only discussing the abstract representations of their requirements.

Risk registers, planned response actions and defined risk impact from previous projects are considered to be __________. organizational process assets inputs to the project charter sources for expert judgment risk management artifacts

Because they are from previous projects, the examples provided must be considered organizational process assets.

Which of the following types of projects can be benchmarked? projects within or outside the performing organization projects with the same or another application area Both of these Neither of these

Benchmarking can be done on projects within the performing organization or outside of it and can be within the same or in another application area.

Project Selection Methods

Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Linear Programming, Non-Linear Programming, Economic Value Added, Internal Rate of Return, Net Present Value, Opportunity Cost, Payback Period, Present Value (PV) and Net Present Value (NPV), Return on Investment (ROI), and Return on Investment Capital (ROIC).

Enterprise environmental factors that can influence the Direct and Manage Project Work process include ________. stakeholder risk tolerance infrastructure Both of these Neither of these

Both are enterprise environmental factors.

Organizational process assets that can influence the Direct and Manage Project Work Process include ___________. process measurement database standardized guidelines Both of these Neither of these

Both are organizational process assets.

Schedule data includes ________. documented, identified assumptions documented, identified constraints Both of these Neither of these

Both of These

Variance analysis as used in EVM compares actual project performance to _______. planned performance expected performance both of these Neither of these

Both of These

Estimate Activity Duration uses information on which of the following? estimated resource quantities resource calendars Both of these Neither of these

Both of These Estimate resource quantities resource calendars

Which of the following organizational process assets has the ability to influence the project management process. standard templates risk categories Both of these Each of the options listed has that ability. Neither of these

Both of These Standard Templates Risk Categories

Fast tracking may result in _________. increased risk rework Neither of these Both of these

Both of These - Increased Risk Rework

The cost baseline may be updated to reflect which of the following? changes caused by the use of compression techniques changes caused by the use of crashing techniques Neither of these Both of these

Both of These - The cost baseline may be updated to reflect changes caused by compression or crashing techniques.

Change control procedures include __________. formal steps necessary to approve and validate changes to project documents formal steps defined by a company on how project documents will be modified Both of these Neither of these

Both of These: formal steps necessary to approve and validate changes to project documents formal steps defined by a company on how project documents will be modified

Which of the following does the Estimate Activity Resources process require? that the amount of resources to be applied to complete the activity is estimated that the amount of work effort required to complete the activity is estimated Both of the above None of the above

Both of the above

The _____ is considered when progressively elaborating the duration estimate. quality of input data availability of input data Neither of the above Both of the above

Both of the above Quality of input data availability of input data

Analogous estimating is most reliable when ________. the previous projects are similar in fact and not just appearance the project team members preparing the estimate have the needed expertise Both of these The parametric estimates on which it is based have been vetted by skilled experts.

Both of these

Which of the following are important aspects of the control scope process? determining the cause and degree of variance relative to the scope baseline deciding whether corrective or preventive action is required Both of these Neither of these

Both of these

Which of the following processes does Plan Risk Responses follow? Perform Qualitative Risk Assessment Perform Quantitative Risk Assessment Both of these Neither of these

Both of these

Part of managing and leading the project team is ______. influencing the project team exhibiting professional and ethical behavior Both of these Neither of these

Both of these influencing the project team exhibiting professional and ethical behavior

Existing informal guidelines and monitoring and reporting methods to be used are ____ in the Cost Control process. inputs organizational process assets Both of these Neither of these

Both of these - Inputs and Organizational Process Assets

Which of the following are tools and techniques in the Control Costs process? monitoring and reporting methods to be used existing formal cost control procedures Both of these Neither of these

Both of these are organization process assets, which serve as inputs to the Cost Control process. (monitoring and reporting methods to be used, existing formal cost control procedures) Not used as tools and techniques for Control Cost process.

When activity is estimated by decomposing the work into greater detail, estimating the resource needs for each item and then all the estimates are aggregated into a total quantity for each of the activity's resources, this is called_______. top down estimating parametric estimating leveling **bottom up estimating

Bottom Up estimating

_____ is a technique used to generate different approaches to execute and perform the work of a project. Brainstorming Pair wise comparisons Product analysis Alternatives identification

Brainstorming and pair wise comparisons are techniques of alternatives identification; product analysis is another tool/technique used in Define Scope.

____ can establish both the contingency reserves and the management reserves for the project. Contingency reserve planning (CRP) Budget reserve analysis Hammock activities COQ

Budge Reserve Analysis

CPI is equal to the ratio of ______. AC to the EV PV to the CV EV to the AC None of the above

CPI is equal to the ratio of EV to the AC

____ diagrams are also known as Ishikawa diagrams. Cause and effect Influence Kangaroo SWOT analysis

Cause and effect diagrams are also known as Ishikawa Diagrams

Which component of the project management plan is created in Develop Project Management Plan? Change Management Plan Requirements Management Plan Process Improvement Plan Stakeholder Management plan

Change Management Plan

Change requests can be used to ___________. take corrective action take preventive action perform defect repair All of the above

Change request can be used to take corrective action, take preventive action or perform defect repair.

The ____ is applied globally to ensure that practitioners from diverse backgrounds are able to have a standard, expected set of professional obligations.

Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct

____ is the conflict resolution technique that incorporates multiple viewpoints and insights from differing perspectives, leading to consensus and commitment. Collaborating Forcing Smoothing/Accommodating Confronting/Problem Solving

Collaborating is the conflict resolution technique that incorporates multiple viewpoints and insights from differing perspectives, leading to consensus and commitment.

Planning Process - Scope - Collect Requirements

Collect Requirements is the process of determining, documenting, and managing stakeholder needs and requirements to meet project objectives. The key benefit of this process is that it provides the basis for defining and managing the project scope including product scope. https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/a-guide-to/9781935589679/sub5.2.xhtml

Activities needed to collect project or phase records for future use by the organization are part of ______. lessons learned enterprise environmental factors the Close Project or Phase process Records Management

Collecting these records, along with audits or project success or failure and gathering lessons learned are part of the Close Project or Phase process.

Grouping risks by ____ can lead to developing effective risk responses. potential impact common root causes standardized identifiers None of the above

Common Root Causes

Communication requirements define ____________. allowed communication media and record retention requirements security requirements and record retention requirements Both of these Neither of these

Communication requirements define allowed communication media, record retention requirements and security requirements.

If a project charter is not used in the performing organization, what needs to happen? The PM needs to document the process variance, explain the reasoning for it and offer alternatives. Nothing, unless the performing organization specifies actions that must be taken. The product owner is responsible for providing the detailed scope statement. Comparable information needs to be acquired or developed and used as a basis for the detailed project scope statement.

Comparable information needs to be acquired or developed and used as a basis for the detailed project scope statement.

____ is the conflict resolution technique that involves searching for solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties. Collaborating Confronting/Problem Solving Forcing Compromising

Compromising is the conflict resolution technique that involves searching for solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties.

The document that defines items that are configurable and items that require finite control and the process for controlling changes to such items is the _____________. scope management plan configuration management plan requirements management plan None of the above

Configuration Management Plan

________ activities cover how changes to the product, service or result requirements will be initiated, how impacts will be analyzed, and how they will be traced, tracked and reported. Product metrics Requirements tracer Configuration management Requirements documentation

Configuration management activities cover how changes to the product, service or result requirements will be initiated, how impacts will be analyzed, and how they will be traced, tracked and reported, as well as the authorization levels required to approve

The EAC forecast for ETC work ___ forecast assumes that the ETC work will be performed at an efficiency rate that considers both the cost and schedule performance indices. performed at the budgeted rate performed at the present CPI considering both SPI and CPI factors to complete performance

Considering both SPI and CPI factors

Which of the following must requirements be before they can be baselined? Consistent Acceptable to the product owner Approved by the CCB Broken down to individual tasks called work packages

Consistent Before they can be baselined, requirements must be unambiguous (measurable and testable), traceable, complete, consistent and acceptable to key stakeholders.

You work for a defense contractor on a project that is not considered to be strategic for the company. Although the project is not the company's top priority, you have managed to secure many of the company's top resources to work on your project. At today's company meeting, you find out that your organization has won a very large, strategic project, what do you do First? Contact management to find out if you can be transferred to this project because it is strategic to the company. Contact management to find out how this new project will affect your project. Hold a team meeting and explain that since the resources have been allocated to your project, they are not eligible to go to the new project. Fast track your project to accelerate its completion date.

Contact management to find out how this new project will affect your project.

____ are allowances for unplanned but potentially required changes that can result from realized risks identified in the risk register. PERT reserves Contingency reserves Both of these Neither of these

Contingency reserves

Contingency reserves are part of ______ requirements. staffing quality assurance funding None of the above

Contingency reserves are part of funding requirements.

Duration estimates may include contingency reserves, which may also be referred to as ______. slack time reserves buffers either time reserves or buffers

Contingency reserves may also be referred to as time reserves or buffers.

Where should contingency reserves should be clearly identified? in schedule documentation in resource requirements in the preliminary scope statement None of the above

Contingency reserves should be clearly identified in schedule documentation.

In a _____ strategy, the plan is employed only if the risk actually occurs. contingent response share accept enhance

Contingent Response

Continuous ____, used extensively in modeling and simulation, represent(s) the uncertainty in values such as durations of schedule activities and costs of project components. sensitivity analysis probability distributions EMV analysis None of the above

Continuous probability distributions, which are used extensively in modeling and simulation represent the uncertainty in values such as durations of schedule activities and costs of project components.

Continuous ____, used extensively in modeling and simulation, represent(s) the uncertainty in values such as durations of schedule activities and costs of project components. sensitivity analysis probability distributions EMV analysis None of the above

Continuous probability distributions, which are used extensively in modeling and simulation represent the uncertainty in values such as durations of schedule activities and costs of project components.

_____ reduces waste and eliminates activities that do not add value. Continuous process improvement Iterative development Elimination configuration Quality process enhancement

Continuous process improvement reduces waste and eliminates activities that do not add value.

Project Charter Includes

Contract (where applicable) project statement of work. enterprise environmental factors. organizational process assets. The project statement of work (S. O. W.)

______ is the process of collecting and distributing performance information including status reports, progress measurements and forecasts. Performance Reporting Manage Stakeholder Engagement Plan Communications Management Distribute Information

Control Communications is the process of collecting and distributing performance information including status reports, progress measurements and forecasts.

____ is the process of monitoring the status of the project to update the project budget and managing changes to the cost baseline. Cost Analysis Monitoring and Controlling Control Scope Control Costs

Control Costs

_____ involves analyzing the relationship between the consumption of project funds to the physical work being accomplished for such expenditures. Control costs Financial analysis Control Schedule None of the above

Control Costs involves analyzing the relationship between the consumption of project funds to the physical work being accomplished for such expenditures.

______ is the process of managing procurement relationships, monitoring contact performance and making changes and corrections as needed.

Control Procurements

_____ is the process of monitoring the status of the project to update the project progress and manage changes to the schedule baseline. Control Schedule Schedule Analysis Define Schedule Assumptions Schedule Updating Process

Control Schedule

Schedule control is concerned with which of the following? determining the current status of the project schedule managing actual changes as they occur Both of these Neither of these

Control Schedule is concerned with determining the current status of the project schedule, influencing the factors that create schedule changes, determining that the project schedule has changed, and managing the changes as they occur.

Schedule control is concerned with which of the following? influencing the factors that create the schedule changes re-baselining Both of these Neither of these

Control Schedule is concerned with determining the current status of the project schedule, influencing the factors that create schedule changes, determining that the project schedule has changed, and managing the changes as they occur.

The process of monitoring the status of project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline is _______. Control Scope Validate Scope Define Scope Validate Scope

Control Scope

___ is the process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline. Verify Scope Control Perform Quality Control Verify Product Scope Control Scope

Control Scope

______ may be established for monitoring cost performance and may be specified to indicate an agreed upon amount of variation to be allowed before some action needs to be taken. Rules of performance measurement Process descriptions Reporting formats Control thresholds

Control Thresholds

Control accounts are placed at _________. selected management points in the WBS random points in the WBS select points in the risk register predetermined stage gates throughout the project lifecycle

Control accounts are placed at selected management points in the WBS.

____ are used to determine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance. Variance analysis diagrams Control charts Both of these Neither of these

Control charts are used to determine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance.

What illustrates how a process behaves over time and when a process is subject of special cause variation, resulting in an out of control condition? fishbone diagrams cat charts control charts flowcharts

Control charts illustrate how a process behaves over time and when a process is subject of special cause variation, resulting in an out of control condition.

Controlling the project scope ensures that all requested changes and recommended corrective or preventive actions are processed through ________. the Perform Quality Control process the Scope Management process the Perform Integrated Change Control process the Performance Improvement process

Controlling the project scope ensures that all requested changes and recommended corrective or preventive actions are processed through Integrated Change Control process.

____ is/are a prediction that is based on the information known at a given point in time. Cost Estimates Cost Baseline Cost Management Planning None of the above

Cost Estimates are a prediction that is based on the information known at a given point in time.

Cost Estimates

Cost Estimates are aggregated by work packages in accordance with the WBS.

External dependencies involve a relationship between project activities and non-project activities - What manages this activity?

Cost Management Plan

The _____ may be formal or informal, highly detailed or broadly framed, based upon the needs of the project.

Cost Management Plan

The ____ is an authorized time-phased budget at completion used to measure, monitor and control overall cost performance on the project. work package cost estimate project schedule budget reserve analysis cost performance baseline

Cost Performance Baseline

The EVM ___ is particularly critical because it indicates the relationship of physical performance to the costs spent. performance variance cost variance schedule variance None of the above

Cost Variance

____ are aggregated by work packages in accordance with the WBS. Resource requirements Scheduling dependencies Cost estimates None of the abov

Cost estimates are aggregated by work packages in accordance with the WBS.

Cost estimates based on ___ are generally considered to be more accurate than analogous and bottom up estimates. PERT Swanson technique contingency Planning None of the above

Cost estimates based on PERT are generally considered to be more accurate than analogous and bottom up estimates

_________ for each activity within a work package are aggregated to obtain a cost estimate for each work package. Schedule estimates Cost estimates Work estimates Schedule estimates

Cost estimates for each activity within a work package are aggregated to obtain a cost estimate for each work package.

Cost estimates should be _______. established and locked down for the duration of the project early in the lifecycle refined during the course of the project to reflect additional detail as it becomes available None of the above

Cost estimates should be refined during the course of the project to reflect additional detail as it becomes available. redone from scratch as often as necessary

Cost estimating is a(n) ____ process. static iterative waterfall agile

Cost estimating is an iterative process.

Cost estimating templates, cost estimating policies, historical information and lessons learned are all ________. historical information organizational process assets Both of these Neither of these

Cost estimating templates, cost estimating policies, historical information and lessons learned are all organizational process assets.

_____ refers to the total cost of all efforts related to quality throughout the product lifecycle. Cost of quality Total quality management Cost of correction Variance correction cost

Cost of Quality

What measures the cost efficiency of work completed? CV EV CPI SPI

Cost performance index (CPI) is considered to be the most critical EVM metric and measures the cost efficiency for the work completed.

Cost performance measurements are used to assess the magnitude of variation to the _________. original schedule baseline original cost baseline original schedule baseline and original cost baseline None of the above

Cost performance measurements are used to assess the magnitude of variation to the original cost baseline.

____ is the schedule compression technique in which cost and schedule tradeoffs are analyzed to determine how to obtain the greatest amount of compression for the least incremental cost. Fast crashing Lead tracking Tradeoff analysis None of the above

Crashing is the schedule compression technique in which cost and schedule tradeoffs are analyzed to determine how to obtain the greatest amount of compression for the least incremental cost.

What is the correct sequence for the following activities: Create project scope statement, Create work breakdown structure, create activity list. Create project scope statement, create activity list, and create work breakdown structure. Create work breakdown structure, create project scope statement, create activity list. Create activity list, create project scope structure, create work breakdown structure.

Create project scope statement, create work breakdown structure, create activity list.

Producing a project plan my Best be described as: Creating a network logic diagram that identifies the critical path Using a software tool to track schedule, cost, and resources Creating a document that guides project plan execution Creating a plan that contains the entire project scope.

Creating a document that guides the project plan execution.

The resource constrained critical path is also known as the ______. critical float critical chain milestone chain time/resource chain

Critical Chain

An example of a scheduling methodology is ________. critical path method critical chain Both of these Neither of these

Critical chain and critical path method (CPM) are examples of scheduling methodologies.

Critical path method (CPM) is _______. a scheduling methodology a scheduling plan a quality methodology a scope control methodology

Critical chain and critical path method (CPM) are examples of scheduling methodologies.

___ is focused on managing the remaining buffer durations against the remaining durations of task chains. Critical path method What-if scenario analysis Critical chain method None of the Above

Critical chain method

____ is a schedule network analysis technique that modifies the project schedule to account for limited resources. Critical path method Float analysis method critical chain method what-if scenario analysis

Critical chain method is a schedule network analysis technique that modifies the project schedule to account for limited resources.

Understanding, evaluating, defining and managing expectations so that customer requirements are met is referred to as ______________. customer satisfaction management responsibility continuous improvement All of the above

Customer satisfaction is concerned with understanding, evaluating, defining and managing expectations so that customer requirements are met.

____ involves subdividing the project work packages into smaller, more manageable components called activities. Subdivision Decomposition WBS Iterative planning

Decomposition involves subdividing the project work packages into smaller, more manageable components called activities.

Decomposition must continue until _____. predecessor relationships have been defined resources have been assigned to all tasks the product backlog is complete work and deliverables are defined to the work package level

Decomposition must continue until work and deliverables are defined to the work package level.

The process of identifying the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables is _________. Sequence Activities Decomposition Define Activities Develop Schedule

Define Activities

The process of identifying the specific actions to be performed to produce the project deliverables is called ________. Develop Schedule Control Schedule Sequence Activities Define Activities

Define Activities

_____ is the process of developing a detailed description of the project and product.

Define Scope

The process of developing a detailed description of the project and product is the ________ process. Collect Requirements Define Scope Objective Definition Scope Validation

Define Scope is the process of developing a detailed description of the project and product.

___ is a way to reach a consensus of experts in risk identification. Interviewing Delphi technique Brainstorming None of the above

Delphi technique is a way to reach a consensus of experts in risk identification.

Which of the following terms could be used in place of "contract"? purchase order agreement understanding All of the above

Depending on the application area, a contract can also be called an agreement, an understanding, a subcontract or a purchase order.

___ is a statistical method for identifying which factors may influence specific variables or a product or process under development or in production. Benchmarking Statistical sampling Design of experiments None of the above

Design of experiments (DOE) is a statistical method for identifying which factors may influence specific variables or a product or process under development or in production.

____ is a statistical method for identifying which factors may influence specific variables or a product or process under development or in production. Benchmarking Statistical sampling Design of experiments None of the above

Design of experiments (DOE) is a statistical method for identifying which factors may influence specific variables or a product or process under development or in production.

____ can be used to reduce the sensitivity of product performance to sources of variations caused by environmental or manufacturing differences. Benchmarking Statistical sampling Design of experiments None of the above

Design of experiments can be used to reduce the sensitivity of product performance to sources of variations caused by environmental or manufacturing differences.

_____ is the process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized baseline.

Determine Budget

_____ is the process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized baseline. COQ Three-point estimating Determine Budget PERT estimation

Determine Budget

___ is the process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized cost baseline. Estimate Costs Determine Budget Obtain Budget Approval Control Costs

Determine Budget is the process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized cost baseline.

Applicable contract information and costs relating to products, services or results that have been purchased are included when _______. determining the budget resource planning decomposing the WBS None of the above

Determining the Budget

___ involves identifying and documenting the project roles, responsibilities, required skills, reporting relationships, and creating a staffing management plan. Manage Project Team Acquire Project Team Develop Human Resources Plan Develop Project Team

Develop Human Resources Plan involves identifying and documenting the project roles, responsibilities, required skills, reporting relationships, and creating a staffing management plan.

The assigned project manager and named sponsor are outputs of the __________ process.

Develop Project Charter

Project management plan updates are Not an output of: Perform Integrated Change Control Develop Project Management Plan Direct and Manage Project Work Monitor and control project work

Develop Project Management Plan

The lifecycle selected for the project should be defined during the __________ process. Develop Project Charter Project Configuration Management Develop Project Management Plan Project Lifecycle Selection

Develop Project Management Plan

Planning Process - Integration

Develop Project Management Plan - "Develop Project Management Plan is the process of defining, preparing, and coordinating all subsidiary plans and integrating them into a comprehensive project management plan" https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/a-guide-to/9781935589679/sub4.2.xhtml

The process of documenting the actions necessary to define, prepare, integrate and coordinate the various components of the plan is called ______________. Project Integration Planning Document Project Variables Develop Project Management Plan Develop Project Control Plan

Develop Project Management Plan - The other three options mentioned are not part of the processes in the PMBOK® Guide.

___ is the process of improving the competencies, team interaction and the overall team environment to enhance project performance. Develop Project Team Manage Project Team Acquire Project Team Develop Human Resources Plan

Develop Project Team

The process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource requirements and schedule constraints to create the project schedule is called ________.

Develop Schedule

The ____ process determines the planned start and finish dates for project activities and milestones.

Develop Schedule Process

_____ is the process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource requirements and schedule constraints to create the project schedule. Schedule Activities Schedule Analysis Develop Project Plan Develop Schedule

Develop Schedule is the process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource requirements, and schedule constraints to create the project schedule.

The Project Charter is: Developed before the project statement of work, and after the project management plan. *Developed after the project statement of work, and before the project management plan. Developed before the contract, and after the project management plan, Developed before the contract, and before the project management plan.

Developed after the project statement of work, and before the project management plan.

Developing an acceptable project schedule is often ______. a product owner driven process done only once during the project an iterative process created by the PM, who makes significant assumptions on behalf of his/her resources

Developing an acceptable project schedule is often an iterative process.

How should project cost be measured? Different stakeholders will measure it different ways at different times. All stakeholders can measure in their own way, but they should all do it at the same time. All stakeholders must maintain a consistent method of measuring and do so at the exact same time for the results to be valid. None of the above

Different stakeholders will measure project cost at different ways at different times

A defect in a product was brought to the attention of the project manager, and now the project team is engaged in repairing it. Which project management process would be most applicable? Perform Integrated Change Control Monitor and Control Work Direct and Manage Project Work Close Project or Phase

Direct and Control Project work

Performing work defined in the project management plan is called __________. Execution Direct and Manage Project Work Project Control and Guidance Work Performance Management

Direct and Manage Project Work

Executing Processes

Direct and Manage Project Work - Integration Perform Quality Assurance - Quality Acquire Project Team - HR Develop Project Team - HR Manage Project Team - HR Manage Communications - Communications Conduct Procurements - Procurement Manage Stakeholder Engagement - Stakeholders

Discretionary dependencies are sometimes referred to as _______. mandatory dependencies hard logic sequence dependencies soft logic

Discretionary dependencies are sometimes referred to as preferred logic or soft logic.

Preferred logic is also called _______. hard logic soft logic sequence dependencies mandatory dependencies

Discretionary dependencies are sometimes referred to as preferred logic or soft logic.

_____ is the process of making relevant information available to project stakeholders as planned. Identify Stakeholders Manage Communications Report Performance Plan Communications

Distribute Information is the process of making relevant information available to project stakeholders as planned.

When does the project team decide what items are mandatory? during Charter Development during Scope Definition during Activity Sequencing during WBS Creation

During Activity Sequencing

During which practice should discretionary dependencies be reviewed and considered for modifications or removal? crashing fast crashing fast tracking None of the above

During fast tracking, discretionary dependencies be reviewed and considered for modifications or removal.

How configuration management will be performed

During the Develop Project Management Plan process, the configuration management plan defines how configuration management will be performed.

The formula for the EAC forecast for ETC work at the present CPI is ____. EAC=BAC/cumulative CPI EAC=AC+BAC-EV EAC=BAC/cumulative SPI EAC=BAC/cumulative BCWP

EAC = BAC/Cumulative CPI

The formula for EAC forecast for ETC work performed at the budgeted rate is ______. EAC=AC-BAC+EV EAC=AC-BAC-EV EAC=AC+BAC+EV EAC=AC+BAC-EV

EAC=AC+BAC-EV

____ is/are a statistical analysis concept that calculates the average outcome when the future includes scenarios that may or may not happen. Sensitivity analysis EMV probability distributions None of the above

EMV is a statistical analysis concept that calculates the average outcome when the future includes scenarios that may or may not happen.

The SPI is equal to the ratio of _____. SPI is Schedule Performance Index that measures what.. PV to EV SV to EV EV to PV SV to PV

EV to PV

Each descending level of the _____ represents an increasingly detailed definition of the project work. task package definition product backlog acceptance criteria matrix work breakdown structure

Each descending level of the WBS represents an increasingly detailed definition of the project work.

Which of the following are quality planning tools? affinity diagrams force field analysis matrix diagrams All of the above

Each of the items listed are quality planning tools.

Which of the following are characteristics of conflict and the conflict management process? Conflict is natural and forces a search for alternatives. Openness resolves conflict. Conflict resolution should focus on issues, not personalities. All of the above

Each of the options presented are examples of the characteristics of conflict and the conflict management process.

Which of the following processes fall under project cost management? Estimate Costs Determine Budget Control Costs All of the above

Each of the processes listed falls under project cost management

Direct and Manage Project Work includes ____________________. creating project deliverables facilitating forecasting managing sellers All of the above

Each of these actions is identified as being part of the Direct and Manage Project Work process. Creating Project Deliverables Facilitating Forecasting Manage Sellers

A work package may be associated with ____. multiple control accounts only one control account only one resource requirement multiple subsystems

Each work package must be associated with only one control account. - Only one control account

Early scope definition is critical because ____________. it is the easiest time to influence project scope it is vital that everything be defined before the team is brought in it is needed to establish the resource assignment matrix None of the above

Early scope definition is critical because it is the easiest time to influence project scope.

EV stands for _______. earned value earned variance estimated value estimated variance

Earned Value

___ is the value of work performed expressed in terms of the approved budget assigned to that work for an activity or WBS component. planned value earned value schedule value actual cost

Earned value (EV)

Earned value (EV) is the value of _______ expressed in terms of the approved budget assigned to that work for an activity or WBS component. money spent resources working on the project estimated value of all work at the completion of the project work performed

Earned value (EV) is the value of work performed expressed in terms of the approved budget assigned to that work for an activity or WBS component.

____ is often used to describe the percentage completion of a project. Scheduled value Actual cost BCWP Earned value

Earned value is often used to describe the percentage completion of a project.

______ is the authorized work that has been completed, plus the authorized budget for such completed work. Planned value Earned value BCWS PMB

Earned value is the authorized work that has been completed, plus the authorized budget for such completed work.

___ integrates project scope, cost and schedule measures to help the project management team assess and measure project performance and progress. WBS SCP EVM EVP

Earned value management integrates project scope, cost, and schedule measures to help the project management team assess and measure project performance and progress.

The process of approximating the number of work periods needed to complete individual activities with estimated resources is called _____. Estimate Activity Resources Resource Allocation Approximation Estimate Activity Duration Define WBS

Estimate Activity Duration

____ involves determining the availability and quantities of staff and material needed to perform schedule activities. Estimate Activity Resources Estimate Project Cost Estimate Actual Cost Budget at Complete

Estimate Activity Resources

____ is the process of estimating the type and quantities of material, people, equipment or supplies required to perform each activity. Estimate Activity Resources Procurement Planning Resource Acquisition None of the above

Estimate Activity Resources is the process of estimating the type and quantities of material, people, equipment or supplies required to perform each activity.

Estimate Costs

Estimate Activity is closely associated with Estimate Costs.

Which process is the Estimate Activity Resource process closely coordinated with?

Estimate Costs

_____ include(s) the identification and consideration of costing alternatives to initiate and complete the project. EAC Cost Control ROI Estimate Costs

Estimate Costs includes the identification and consideration of costing alternatives to initiate and complete the project.

____ is the process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources needed to complete project activities. Control Costs Budget Costs Estimate Costs Manage Cost

Estimate Costs is the process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources needed to complete project activities.

____ is the process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources needed to complete project activities. Control Costs Estimate Costs Determine Budget Obtain Budget Approval

Estimate Costs is the process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources needed to complete project activities.

Risk Audits

Examine and document the effectiveness of risk responses in dealing with identified risks and their root causes, as well as the effectiveness of the Risk Management process.

Which of the following are considered to be organizational process assets in the Control Schedule Inputs process? schedule control tools variance analysis resource leveling All of the above

Existing formal and informal schedule control-related policies, procedures and guidelines, as well schedule control tools and monitoring and reporting methods are examples of organizational process assets in the Project Schedule Control Inputs.

_______ can be used to develop technical and management details that will be included in the project plan. Expert judgment Defined project management processes Configuration management Standardized guidelines

Expert judgment is used to develop the technical and management details that can be included in the project management plan.

The cost management plan may be formal or informal, highly detailed or broadly framed, based upon the needs of the project. Internal Discretionary Hard logic External

External

_____ are sessions that bring key cross-functional stakeholders together to define product requirements. Focus groups Delphi meetings Facilitated workshops JAD sessions

Facilitated Workshops.

When quickly defining cross-functional requirements and reconciling stakeholder differences,________ are still considered a primary technique. focus groups facilitated workshops delphi meetings JAD sessions

Facilitated workshops are considered to the primary technique when quickly defining cross-functional requirements and reconciling stakeholder differences.

Failure costs are often categorized into which of the following? internal external Neither of these Both of these

Failure costs are often categorized into internal (found by the project) and external (found by the customer).

______ are often categorized into internal (found by the project and external (found by the customer). Cost of corrected quality Variance costs Cost of poor quality Configuration Correction Expenses

Failure costs, which are often called cost of poor quality, are often categorized into internal (found by the project) and external (found by the customer).

If you adjust your project schedule so that two or more tasks that were to take place sequentially will now take place in parallel, thereby reducing the timeline, this is called __________. crashing fast tracking risk mitigation quality control

Fast tracking is the schedule compression technique in which phases or activities normally performed in sequence are performed in parallel.

Rework and increased risk are a common result of ______. schedule tracking resource reallocation fast tracking crashing

Fast tracking may result in rework and increased risk.

_____ buffers are placed at each point that a chain of dependent tasks not on the critical chain feeds into the critical chain. Feeding Project Duration Milestone

Feeding

Where are feeding buffers placed? at each point that a dependent task feeds the critical chain at each point that a chain of dependent tasks not on the critical chain feeds into the critical chain at each point that a chain of dependent tasks not on the critical path feeds into the critical path None of the above

Feeding buffers are placed at each point that a chain of dependent tasks not on the critical chain feeds into the critical chain.

___ bring together pre-qualified stakeholders and subject matter experts to learn about their expectations and attitudes about a proposed product service or result. Facilitated workshops Focus groups Delphi groups Group creativity techniques

Focus groups bring together pre-qualified stakeholders and subject matter experts to learn about their expectations and attitudes about a proposed product service or result.

____ bring together pre-qualified stakeholders and subject matter experts to learn about their expectations and attitudes about a proposed product service or result. Facilitated workshops Focus groups Delphi groups Group creativity techniques

Focus groups bring together pre-qualified stakeholders and subject matter experts to learn about their expectations and attitudes about a proposed product service or result.

Work performance information

Forecasts are generated, updated and reissued based on _____ provided as the project is executed.

The project management team makes ongoing _____ assessments of the project team's performance. formal informal formal or informal neither formal or informal

Formal and informal

Types of Organizations

Functional, Weak Matrix, Strong Matrix, Projectized, Composite

Gathering relevant and critical information to address important issues and reach agreements while maintaining trust is an example of a key ___________ skill. smoothing compromising collaborating influencing

Gathering relevant and critical information to address important issues and reach agreements while maintaining trust is an example of a key influencing skill.

Which of the following refers to a category assigned to products or services that have the same functional use but different technical characteristics?

Grade

Grade

Grade is a category assigned to products or services having the same functional use but different technical characteristics.

Hammock activities belong to which of the following types of project schedule? milestone charts bar charts project schedule network diagrams none of the above

Hammock activities are used in bar charts, which are an output of the project schedule output that is part of Develop Schedule: Outputs.

Hammock activity is used _______. between milestones or across interdependent work packages to define resource capacity definition tasks in critical chain management to specifically introduce slack into the project None of the above

Hammock activity is used between milestones or across multiple interdependent work packages and is displayed in bar chart reports.

Having a high level of active and effective listening skill is an example of a key _______ skill. effective decision making leadership influencing controlling

Having a high level of active and effective listening skill is an example of a key influencing skill.

Which of the following will help develop a high performing team? open and effective communication managing conflict constructively encouraging collaborative problem solving All of the above

High team performance can be achieved by using open and effective communication, developing trust among team members, managing conflicts in a constructive manner, and encouraging collaborative problem-solving and decision making.

Which of the following are organizational process assets in the Plan Quality Management process? historical databases rules, standards and guidelines specific to the application area Both of these Neither of these

Historical databases is one of a number of organizational process assets in the Plan Quality Management process. Rules, standards and guidelines specific to the application area are enterprise environmental factors.

Organizational Process Assets (OPAs) and Historical Information

Historical information is found in records kept for previous projects. These records can be used to help benchmark the current project. Historical information is used to reference resources and lessons learned from past similar projects. Companies use this information to help them better predict trends for the current project and to evaluate feasibility. (Crow, 2015) OPA are meant to operate in the foundation that any historical information are actually assets to be used by the organization on future projects.

Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

IRR is a finance term used to express a project's returns as an interest rate. In other words, if the value of the project was an interest rate, what would it be? Bigger is Better

______ is the process of determining which risks may affect the project and documenting their characteristics. Quantitative Risk Assessment Plan Risk Management Identify Risks None of the above

Identify Risks.

Activities are part of decomposition

Identifying and analyzing the deliverables and related work

If it becomes obvious that the ___ is no longer viable, the project manager should develop a forecasted EAC. BCWP BCWS BAC None of the above

If it becomes obvious that the BAC (budget at completion) is no longer viable, the project manager should develop a forecasted EAC.

If resource planning is done at an early stage, what is the latest point at which resource assignments are usually confirmed and start and finish dates are usually established? no later than the completion of the project management plan no later than the project kickoff meeting as soon as there is enough information to determine the critical path None of the above

If resource planning is done at an early stage, the project schedule remains preliminary until resource assignments have been confirmed and schedule start and finish dates are established. This usually happens no later than the completion of the project management plan.

In what type of contract is the seller reimbursed for all allowable costs for performing the contract work and given a fixed fee payment calculated as a percentage of the initial estimated project cost. Cost Plus Fixed Fee Cost Plus Award Fee Cost Plus Incentive Fee Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment

In Cost Plus Fixed Fee (CPFF) contract, the seller is reimbursed for all allowable costs for performing the contract work and given a fixed fee payment calculated as a percentage of the initial estimated project cost.

In a resource calendar the information on when project resources will be available and for how long is defined at which level? activity level project level Both of these Neither of these

In a resource calendar the information on when project resources will be available and for how long is defined at the activity or project level.

In bottom up estimating, the cost of ____ is estimated with the greatest level of specific detail. the entire effort that will be put forth by the entire project team as a whole individual work packages or activities large, high level tasks None of the above

In bottom up estimating, the cost of individual work packages or activities is estimated with the greatest level of specific detail.

Individual work packages or activities

In bottom up estimating, the cost of individual work packages or activities is estimated with the greatest level of specific detail.

In bottom up estimating, the detailed cost is _____ for subsequent reporting and tracking purposes. rolled up to higher levels broken out into greater detail Both of these Neither of these

In bottom up estimating, the detailed cost is summarized or rolled up to higher levels for subsequent reporting and tracking purposes.

In communication modeling, what is noise? anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of the message translating thoughts or ideas into a language that can be understood by others the translated message, after it has been received None of the above

In communication modeling, noise is a anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of the message.

In control charts, upper and lower specification limits are based on ______. requirements of the contract defined stakeholder quality policies prescribed quality tracking methodologies None of the above

In control charts, upper and lower specification limits are based on requirements of the contract.

In duration estimates, the contingency reserve may be which of the following? a percentage of the estimated activity duration a fixed number of work periods developed by using quantitative analysis methods All of the above

In duration estimates, the contingency reserve may be a percentage of the estimated activity duration, a fixed number of work periods, or developed by using quantitative analysis methods. (all of the above)

In parametric estimating how are activity durations quantitatively determined? by multiplying quantity of work to be performed by labor hours per unit of work by dividing the total quantity of work by available resource hours by multiplying quantity of work remaining by labor hours per unit of work None of the above

In parametric estimating, activity durations are quantitatively determined by multiplying quantity of work to be performed by labor hours per unit of work.

In prototyping, when enough feedback cycles have been performed to generate requirements, what is the next phase? Design or build Closeout Control Quality Monitoring and controlling

In prototyping, when enough feedback cycles have been performed to generate requirements, design or build is the next phase to move on to.

In some qualitative analyses the assessment or risk urgency can be combined with the risk ranking determined from the probability and impact matrix to give a final ______. risk severity warning risk urgency score risk probability rating None of the above

In some qualitative analyses the assessment or risk urgency can be combined with the risk ranking determined from the probability and impact matrix to give a final risk severity warning

In the ___ phase of team building, the team completes the work and moves on from the project. Norming Adjourning Storming Performing

In the Adjourning phase of team building, the team completes the work and moves on from the project.

In the Control Schedule process, organizational process assets updates include which of the following? scope variance measurements critical float analysis schedule compression technique None of the above

In the Control Schedule process, organizational process assets updates include causes of variances, corrective action chosen and lessons learned from project schedule control.

In the Develop Schedule process, which of the following are entered into the scheduling tool to generate the schedule with planned dates for completing project activities? activity sequences resource availability resource skills All of the above

In the Develop Schedule process, activity sequences, durations, resource requirements and schedule constraints are entered into the scheduling tool to generate the schedule with planned dates for completing project activities.

Project schedule network diagrams and schedule data are _____ in the Develop Schedule process. inputs tools and techniques outputs None of the above

In the Develop Schedule process, project schedule network diagrams is an input and schedule data is an output.

In the Develop Schedule process, resource leveling is a(n) _______. input tool and technique output None of the above

In the Develop Schedule process, resource leveling is a tool and technique.

The PMIS is a(n) ____ in the Direct and Manage Project Work process. input tool/technique output input as well as a tool/technique

In the Direct and Manage Project Work process, the PMIS is both an input and a tool/technique.

Scheduling methodology is an example of a(n) _____ in the Estimate Activity Duration process. enterprise environmental factor activity resource requirement activity attribute organizational process asset

In the Estimate Activity Duration Process, organizational process assets may include, but are not limited to: historical duration information, project calendars, scheduling methodology and lessons learned.

Which of the following tools and techniques in Estimate Activity Durations is considered to produce the most accurate estimate? expert judgment analogous estimating parametric estimating parabolic estimating

In the Estimate Activity Durations process, expert judgment is a tool and technique, but is not specifically an estimating tool or technique. Parametric estimating is considered to be more accurate than analogous estimating.

Work Performance Information

In the Perform Quality Performance process, project deliverable status, cost incurred and technical performance measures.

In the ____ stage of team building, teams function as a well organized unit. They are independent and work through issues smoothly and effectively. Adjourning Norming Storming Performing

In the Performing stage of team building, teams function as a well organized unit. They are independent and work through issues smoothly and effectively.

When is the ability to influence project cost greatest? in the early stages before execution starts It remains constant throughout the contract. during execution if things are on track

In the early stages

In the earned value management technique, the cost performance baseline is referred to as _______. ASV BCWS PMB BCWS

In the earned value management technique, the cost performance baseline is referred to as the performance measurement baseline (PMB).

When changes are approved and made to the project, they should be: Tracked against the project baseline Incorporated into the project baseline Included as an addendum to the project plan. Approved by someone other than the project manager.

Incorporated into the project baseline

Increased _____ is where team members share information and experiences openly and help each other to improve the overall project performance. communication skills team cohesiveness team interaction All of the above

Increased team cohesiveness where team members share information and experiences openly and help each other to improve the overall project performance.

Which of the following are indicators of priority in risk urgency assessment? time to effect a response symptoms and warning signs risk rating All of the above

Indicators of priority can include time to effect a response, symptoms and warning signs and risk rating.

Which of the following represents the Project Manager's responsibility regarding change on a project. Influence the factors that cause the project change Ensure all changes are communicated to the change control board Deny change wherever possible. Prioritize change below results **Check Perform Integrated Change Control

Influence the factors that cause the project change.

Having a high level of active and effective listening skill is an example of a key _______ skill. effective decision making leadership influencing controlling

Influencing

Validate Scope tools and techniques include which of the following? change requests inspection validated deliverables All of the above

Inspection is the only tool and technique in the Validate Scope process.

____ refers to keeping the errors out of the hands of the customer. Examination Prevention Inspection Evaluation

Inspection refers to keeping the errors out of the hands of the customer.

_____ techniques draw on experience and historical data to quantify the probability and impact of risks on project objectives. Delphi Brainstorming Interviewing Probability distribution

Interviewing techniques draw on experience and historical data to quantify the probability and impact of risks on project objectives.

An interview is typically performed ______. by a trained moderator using the delphi technique one-on-one as one of the inputs to the Collect Requirements process.

Interviews are often performed one-to-one but may involve multiple interviewers and/or multiple interviewees.

Determine Budget

Is the process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized baseline.

Control Procurements

Is the process of managing procurement relationships, monitoring contact performance and making changes and corrections as needed.

In risk diagramming, ____ show how various elements of a system interrelate and the mechanism of causation. Macgregor diagrams Benton diagrams Gantt charts Ishikawa diagrams

Ishikawa Diagrams

How many basic tools of quality does Ishikawa have? 3 5 7 13

Ishikawa has 7 basic tools of quality. The first of these is the cause and effect, or Ishikawa diagram. This is also often referred to as a fishbone diagram.

What is another name of a cause and effect diagram? Fishhead Ishikawa branched None of the above

Ishikawa has 7 basic tools of quality. The first of these is the cause and effect, or Ishikawa diagram. This is also often referred to as a fishbone diagram.

A form of Organizational Process Assets

Issue and defect management procedures are Organizational Process Assets which serve as inputs in the Monitor and Control Project Work process.

How is the project management plan developed? It is established during initiation by the PM and does not change throughout the life of the project. It is developed through a series of integrated processes until execution is complete. It is developed through a series of integrated processes that take place through the monitoring and controlling processes. It is developed through a series of integrated processes until project closure.

It is developed through a series of integrated processes until project closure. (Project Management Plan)

Whose responsibility is it to predict what will be encountered to perform the ETC, based on its experience to date? the PM the full project team the person/people doing the actual work None of the above

It is incumbent on the project team to predict what it may encounter to perform the ETC, based on its experience to date.

Work performance information is used for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: It provides information on resource utilization It provides information on which activities have started It shows what costs have been incurred It is used to help identify defects.

It is used to identify defects

Project Office

It's home base for the project manager. The Project Office supports project managers with methodologies, tools, training, etc. or even ultimately control all of the organization's projects. Usually, the project office serves in a supporting role, defining standards, providing best practices, and auditing projects for conformance.

What types of workshop techniques focus on bringing the users and the development team together to improve the software development process? JAD sessions Milestone reviews Daily stand-ups Group creativity techniques

Joint application development sessions focus on bringing the users and the development team together to improve the software development process.

Integration Management

Knowledge area with 6 Processes that takes a high-level view of the project from start to finish. Processes 1. Develop Project Charter (initiating) 2. Develop Project Management Plan (planning) 3. Direct & Manage Project Work (executing) 4. Monitor & Controlling Project Work (monitoring & controlling) 5. Perform Integrated

Time Management

Knowledge area with 7 processes that focus on creating an activity list, ordering that list chronologically, estimating resources, estimating time, creating a schedule, and controlling that schedule. Processes include - Planning Process- Plan Schedule Management, Define Activities, Sequence Activites, Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activity Durations, Develop Schedule and in the Monitoring and Controlling process group - Control Schedule.

When should lead or lag be used during sequencing? when it is necessary to achieve a realistic and achievable project schedule for every task when sequencing, a decision should be made to use either lead or lag, but not both None of the above

Lead and lag should be used in order to achieve a realistic and achievable project schedule.

Which of the following organizational process assets can influence the Define Scope process? Facilitated Workshops Alternatives Identification Lessons Learned from previous phases and projects Expert Judgment

Lessons learned from previous phases and projects is the only organizational process asset listed. The other options are tools and techniques of the Define Scope Process.

____ refers to activity cost estimates adhering to a rounding of the data to a prescribed prevision based on the scope of the activities and magnitude of the project. Units of measure Level of accuracy Determine Budget None of the above

Level of accuracy refers to activity cost estimates adhering to a rounding of the data to a prescribed prevision based on the scope of the activities and magnitude of the project.

The program manager is asking why your project is scheduled to take sixteen months. He claims that previous projects in the organization were able to be completed in less than half of that time. What would be the BEST thing to do? Look for historical information on the previous projects to understand them better. Refer the program manager to the schedule management plan. Refer the program manager to the project management plan. Explain to the program manager that estimates should always err on the side of being too large.

Look for historical information on previous projects to understand them better.

Functional Organization

Lowest power for the project manager. Higher level of conflict. Very common organizational structure where team members work for a department such as accounting or marketing, but may be loaned to a project from time to time. In Charge - Functional Manager (Department Manager) Benefits • Deeper company expertise by function • High degree of professional specialization • Defined career paths for the team Drawbacks • Project Manager is weak • Projects are prioritized • Resources are often not dedicated to a project

The group decision making method in which the decision is made when more than 50% of the group agree to the same option is called ______. Unanimity Majority Plurality Dictatorship

Majority

____ is the process of tracking team member performance, providing feedback, resolving issues and managing changes to optimize project performance. Manage Project Team Develop Project Team Acquire Project Team Develop Project Management Plan

Manage Project Team is the process of tracking team member performance, providing feedback, resolving issues and managing changes to optimize project performance.

Which of the following is not included in the guidelines for effective decision making? study environmental factors control opportunity and risk stimulate team creativity None of the above

Manage opportunity and risk is one of the guidelines, not control. ** Control Opportunity and Risk is Not included in the guidelines for effective decision making.

The influence that global demand can have on a specific resource's cost is an example of _______. commercial market information market dependency market conditions published cost assumptions

Market Conditions

___ describe what products, services and results are available in the market, from whom and under what terms and conditions. Market conditions Published commercial information Organizational process assets None of the above

Market conditions describe what products, services and results are available in the market, from whom and under what terms and conditions.

Reasons to Initiate a Project

Market demand, Business need, Customer request, Technological advance, legal requirement, Ecological impact, Social need.

A project schedule that is presented in summary form is referred to as the______. master schedule critical path baseline optimized schedule

Master Schedule

Which of the following organizational process assets serves as an input to the Plan Human Resource Management process? organizational culture personnel administration policies matrix based charts All of the above

Matrix based charts

The cost management plan ____. must be highly detailed must be broadly framed must be highly detailed and broadly framed may be highly detailed or broadly framed

May be highly detailed and broadly framed

The cost management plan ____. must be highly detailed must be broadly framed must be highly detailed and broadly framed may be highly detailed or broadly framed

May be highly detailed or broadly framed.

____ defines the approaches, tools and data sources that may be used to perform risk management on the project. Budgeting Roles and responsibilities Timing Methodology

Methodology defines the approaches, tools and data sources that may be used to perform risk management on the project.

Which type of chart is most similar to a bar chart? milestone chart project schedule network diagram critical chain diagram critical path diagram

Milestone charts are similar to bar charts.

Monitor and Controlling Processes

Monitor and Control Project Work - Integration Perform Integrated Change Control - Integration Validate Scope - Scope Control Scope - Scope Control Schedule - Time Control Costs - Cost Control Quality - Quality Control Communications - Communications Control Risk - Risk Control Procurements - Procurements Control Stakeholder Engagement - Stakeholder

Alex has received an inquiry from a functional manager about how the team is performing. In reality, the team's productivity has been lagging for the past two months, but Alex is confident that this problem can be solved. Which process would most likely produce the information the functional manager has requested. Direct and Manage project work. Monitor and Control Project work. Report Performance (no longer a process) Integrated Change Control

Monitor and Control Project Work.

____ is a type of simulation in which a distribution of possible activity durations is defined for each activity and used to calculate a distribution of possible outcomes for the total project. Monte Carlo Varitech MacGregor X-Y Theory

Monte Carlo

Most Likely Activity Duration Estimates

Most likely activity duration estimates are based on the resources who are likely to be assigned, their productivity, realistic expectations of availability for the activity, dependencies on other participants and interruptions.

Net Present Value

NPV is the same as Present Value except that you also factor in your costs. For example, if your car had a present value of $35,000 you had to pay $15,000 to fix it up, your NPV is 35,000-15,000= 20,000.

Which of the following elements of the project management plan may not be updated? Procurement management plan Communications management plan Neither Both

Neither Both of the plans listed may be updated.

Organizational process assets that can influence the Direct and Manage Project Work Process include ___________. personnel administration PMIS Both of these Neither of these

Neither - Both are enterprise environmental factors. - PMIS and Personnel Administration

The use of ____ can usually replace schedule logic. leads lags both of these Neither of these

Neither of these Leads Lags

The use of ____ can usually replace schedule logic. leads lags both of these Neither of these

Neither of these - The use of leads and lags should not replace schedule logic.

New ______ may be developed to display approved remaining durations and modifications to the work plan. project schedule network diagrams bar charts baselines Gantt charts

New project schedule network diagrams may be developed to display approved remaining durations and modifications to the work plan.

Group creativity techniques include brainstorming, nominal group technique, delphi technique and others.

Nominal group technique

The technique that enhances brainstorming with a voting process is called _______________.

Nominal group technique enhances brainstorming with a voting process that is used to rank the most useful ideas for further brainstorming and/or prioritization.

Level of service requirements, safety requirements and retention requirements are examples of _______ requirements. functional non-functional configuration None of the above

Non-functional requirements such as level of service, performance, safety, security, compliance, supportability, retention/purge, etc., are components that may be included in the project requirements documentation.

Negative CV is often ____. recovered at the end of the project a indicator of positive performance non-recoverable recovered at the end of each phase

Non-recoverable

In critical chain method, what are the duration buffers? work schedule activities non-work schedule activities Neither of these Either of these

Non-work schedule activities

Dependency determination is used during ______. Control Schedule Develop Schedule Define Activities None of the above

None of the Above

EVM = _________. earned variance management elapsed variance metric evaluated value measurement None of the above

None of the Above

Which of the following defines items that are configurable and items that require finite control but does not address the process for controlling changes to such items? scope management plan configuration management plan requirements management plan None of the above

None of the Above The configuration management plan defines those items that are configurable and those items that require formal change control and the process for controlling changes to such items.

Which of the following is not an example of one of the types of documents used to capture team roles and responsibilities? matrix based responsibility chart hierarchical-type organization chart text-oriented format None of the above

None of the Above - All three of the options are examples of the types of charts that can be used to capture team roles and responsibilities.

___ is a measure of schedule performance on a project. Earned variance Performance variance Cost variance None of the above

None of the Above - Schedule variance is a measure of schedule performance on a project.

Project schedule network diagrams and schedule data are _____ in the Develop Schedule process. inputs tools and techniques outputs None of the above

None of the Above - inputs or tools and techniques

Which of the following are examples of schedule baseline outputs in the Develop Schedule: Outputs process milestone charts bar charts project schedule network diagrams none of the above

None of the above

Which of these are considerations in optimistic activity duration estimates? interruptions resource availability resource skill None of the above

None of the above - Each of the attributes belong to most likely activity duration estimates.

Which of these are considerations in optimistic activity duration estimates? interruptions resource availability resource skill None of the above

None of the above - Each of the attricutes belongs to the most likely activity duration.

______ progressively elaborate the characteristics of the product, service or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation. Project assumptions Product acceptance criteria Project constraints None of the above

None of the above - Product scope description progressively elaborates the characteristics of the product, service, or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation.

Organizational process assets that can influence the Direct and Manage Project Work Process include ___________. personnel administration (EEF) PMIS (EEF) Both of these Neither of these

None of these

Which of the following are group decision making techniques? Prototypes Observations Brainstorming None of the above

None of these are examples of group decision making techniques. The group decision making techniques are: unanimity, majority, plurality and dictatorship.

Which of the following are enterprise environmental factors in the Estimate Activity Duration process? capability of human resources availability of equipment quantity of material resources None of the above

None of these options are enterprise environmental factors. Each of the options listed are aspects of the resource calendars developed as part of Estimate Activity Resources.

A very accurate measure is ______. a very precise measurement an indicator of high grade an indicator of high quality not necessarily precise

Not necessarily precise

In Project Scope Management, ______ provide a direct way of viewing individuals in their environment and how they perform their jobs or tasks and carry out processes

Observations

Which of the following organizational process assets serves as an input to the Plan Human Resource Management process? organizational culture personnel administration policies matrix based charts All of the above

Of the options listed, only matrix based charts are an organizational process asset in the Plan Human Resource Management process. Organizational culture and Personnel administration are both enterprise environmental factors.

On any network path, schedule flexibility is measured by ________. the negative difference between early and late dates the positive difference between early and late dates understanding resource capacity for a given task None of the above

On any network path, schedule flexibility is measured by the positive difference between early and late dates and is termed, "total float".

Total float refers to _______. the positive difference between early and late dates bench time for resources the negative difference between early and late dates what-if scenario analysis

On any network path, schedule flexibility is measured by the positive difference between early and late dates and is termed, "total float".

On smaller projects, what can happen to cost estimating and cost budgeting? Nothing, they remain discrete. They may be viewed as a single process and be performed by a single person. They may be viewed as a single process, but must be managed by at least one additional team member. None of the above

On smaller projects, cost estimating and cost budgeting may be viewed as a single process and be performed by a single person

On smaller projects, the various scheduling activities _____. must be treated as separate and discrete tasks, the same as they would be on larger projects. may be treated as a single activity. must be treated as complex set of activities or a single activity based on the requirements defined in the project charter. None of the above

On some projects, especially those of smaller scope, defining activities, sequencing activities, estimating activity resources, estimating activity durations and developing the schedule are so tightly linked that they are viewed as a single process that c

Total Float for a Network Path

Once the total float for a network path has been calculated then the free float, the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediate successor activity within the network path, can be determined.

What is free float? the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any successor activity on the network path the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the late start date of any immediate successor activity on the network path the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early finish date of any immediate successor activity on the network path the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the late start date of any successor activity on the network path

Once the total float for a network path has been calculated then the free float, the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediate successor activity within the network path, can be determined.

Scope Baseline

One of 3 Baselines in the Project Plan (along with the schedule baseline and the cost baseline). The scope baseline is made up of the Project Scope Statement, WBS, and the WBS Dictionary.

One of the most important skills in developing a team environment involves ______. handling project team issues without engaging the whole team; they need to be isolated to get their work done handling project team problems and discussing them as team issues handling project team issues by having the team settle it amongst themselves, without involving the PM None of the above

One of the most important skills in developing a team environment involves handling project team problems and discussing them as team issues.

Each control account may include ______. only one work package one or more work packages only one identifier multiple control identifiers

One or more work packages

When maintaining the baseline, what is the correct way of addressing approved changes? All proposed changes should be incorporated into different versions of the baseline so that we have a historical record of the change being properly evaluated. Only approved changes should be incorporated into the project management plan and other documents. The baseline should remain constant. Any approved changes should be recorded, but not incorporated into any part of the baseline as that would cause it to change. Approved changes should be recorded until we reach the rebase lining process during Schedule Management.

Only approved changes should be incorporated into the project management plan and other documents.

Which of the following are enterprise environmental factors in the Estimate Activity Durations process? Productivity metrics Available skilled resources Resource calendars All of the above

Only the first option is an enterprise environmental factor in the Estimate Activity Durations process.

Which of the following are enterprise environmental factors in the Estimate Activity Durations process? Productivity metrics Available skilled resources Resource calendars All of the above

Only the first option is an enterprise environmental factor in the Estimate Activity Durations process. - Productivity metrics

Issue and defect management procedures are_____. enterprise environmental factors tools and techniques organizational process assets configuration monitoring processes

Organizational Process Assets

______ are examples of enterprise environmental factors in the Develop Project Management Plan process. Industry standards and change control procedures Expert judgment and lessons learned Historical information and previous project plans Organizational structure and personnel administration

Organizational Structure and Personnel Administration. Change control procedures, historical information and previous project plans are organizational process assets. Expert judgment is a separate input to the Develop Project Management Plan process.

With regard to the Control Scope process, organizational process assets are _________. inputs tools/techniques output both inputs and outputs

Organizational process assets are both inputs and outputs in the Control Scope process

______ provides information on the way in which people, teams and organizational units behave. It can reduce the amount of time, cost and effort needed to create the human resource planning and improve its chances for success. Organizational theory Networking Resource analysis All of the above

Organizational theory provides information on the way in which people, teams and organizational units behave. It can reduce the amount of time, cost and effort needed to create the human resource planning and improve its chances for success.

Organizations perceive ___ is/are the effect of uncertainty on their project and organizational objectives. issues risk threats troubled projects

Organizations perceive risk is the effect of uncertainty on their project and organizational objectives.

_____ may include simulation, probabilistic forecasting and ensemble forecasting. Causal/econometric methods Time series methods Judgmental methods Other methods

Other Methods Other methods may include simulation, probabilistic forecasting and ensemble forecasting.

_____ may include simulation, probabilistic forecasting and ensemble forecasting. Causal/econometric methods Time series methods Judgmental methods Other methods

Other methods may include simulation, probabilistic forecasting and ensemble forecasting.

In the Close Project or Phase process, result transition is considered a(n) __________.

Output

What does PMB stand for? prorated metric baseline performance measurement baseline performance measurement budget proforma measurement budget

PMB stands for performance measurement baseline.

Within the Define Activities process, the project management information system is _________. an enterprise environmental factor an organizational process asset a tool/technique None of the above

PMIS is a project management information system, which is an enterprise environmental factor and an input to the Define Activities process. (None of the Above?)

Present Value

PV is based on the "Time Value of Money" economic theory that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow. If a project is expected to produce 3 annual payments of $100,000 then the present value (how much those payments are worth right now) is going to be less than $300,000. The Reason for this is that you will not get the entire $300,000 until the 3rd year, but if you took $300,000 cash and put it in the bank right now, you would end up with more than $300,000 in 3 years.

Parametric estimates can be applied to ______ in conjunction with other estimating methods. a total project segments of a project either the total project or just segments of a project a previously determined estimate provided by external experts

Parametric estimates can be applied to a total project or segments of a project in conjunction with other estimating methods.

____ uses a statistical relationship between historical data and other variables to calculate an estimate for activity parameters. Analogous estimating Parametric estimating Three-point estimating None of the above

Parametric estimating

Peer reviews, and walkthroughs are both used to refer to ______. inspections validation confirmation Both of these Neither of these

Peer reviews, and walkthroughs are both used to refer to inspections.

Any increase to the authorized budget can only be approved through the _______. CCB approval Perform Integrated Change Control process sponsor approval None of the above

Perform Integrated Change Control process

________ is the process of prioritizing risks for further analysis or action by assessing and combining their probability of occurrence and impact. Identify Risks Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis Monitor and Control Risks Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis is the process of prioritizing risks for further analysis or action by assessing and combining their probability of occurrence and impact.

_____ is usually a rapid and cost-effective means of establishing priorities for Plan Risk Responses that lays the foundation for Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis. Perform Quantitative Risk Assessment Perform Qualitative Risk Assessment Identify Risks Monitor and Control Risks

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis is usually a rapid and cost-effective means of establishing priorities for Plan Risk Responses that lays the foundation for Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis.

____ is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used. Perform Quality Management Plan Quality Perform Quality Assurance Perform Quality Control

Perform Quality Assurance

____ provides the umbrella for continuous process improvement, which is an iterative means for improving the quality of all processes.

Perform Quality Assurance

____ provides the umbrella for continuous process improvement, which is an iterative means for improving the quality of all processes. Perform Quality Configuration Perform Quality Assurance Perform Quality Management Perform Quality Control

Perform Quality Assurance provides the umbrella for continuous process improvement, which is an iterative means for improving the quality of all processes.

PMB stands for ______.

Performance Measurement Baseline

"Current status," "significant accomplishments for a given period" and "issues" are examples of ________. organizational process assets enterprise environmental factors performance reports expert judgment

Performance Reports

____ provide documentation about the current project status compared to project forecasts.

Performance Reports

Fast Tracking

Performing activities in parallel that would normally be done in sequence. Fast tracking activities usually increases project risk, and these activities have a higher probability of rework.

___ activity duration estimates are based on analysis of the worst-case scenario for the activity. Optimistic Most likely Pessimistic Delphi

Pessimistic

____ is the process of determining the project stakeholder information needs and defining a communication approach. Plan Communications Identify Stakeholders Manage Stakeholder Expectations Distribute Information

Plan Communications Management is the process of determining the project stakeholder information needs and defining a communication approach.

Plan Human Resource Management

Plan Human Resource Management is the process of identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, required skills, reporting relationships and creating a staffing management plan.

____ is the process of documenting project purchasing decisions, specifying the approach and identifying potential sellers. Conduct Procurements Close Procurements Plan Procurement Management Control Procurements

Plan Procurement Management is the process of documenting project purchasing decisions, specifying the approach and identifying potential sellers.

Assessing measurements and trends to effect process improvements is part of the _____ process. Plan Quality Management Trend Analysis Monitor and Control Project Work Lessons Learned

Plan Quality Management is part of the Planning Process Group, gathering lessons learned is part of the Closing Process Group, and Trend Analysis is not a discrete process defined in the PMBOK® Guide.

Assessing measurements and trends to effect process improvements is part of the _____ process. Plan Quality Management Trend Analysis Monitor and Control Project Work Lessons Learned

Plan Quality Management is part of the Planning Process Group, gathering lessons learned is part of the Closing Process Group, and Trend Analysis is not a discrete process defined in the PMBOK® Guide. Answer - Monitor and Control Project Work

_____ is the process of developing options and actions to enhance opportunities and to reduce the threats to project objectives. Monitor and Control Risks Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis Plan Risk Response Identify Risks

Plan Risk Response

______ addresses the risks by their priority, inserting resources and activities into the budget, schedule and project management as needed. Plan Risk Responses Perform Quantitative Risk Assessment Perform Qualitative Risk Assessment None of the above

Plan Risk Responses addresses the risks by their priority, inserting resources and activities into the budget, schedule and project management as needed.

Planning Process - Scope - Plan Scope Management

Plan Scope Management is the process of creating a scope management plan that documents how the project scope will be defined, validated, and controlled. https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/a-guide-to/9781935589679/sub5.1.xhtml

___ ensures that the degree, type and visibility of risk management is commensurate with both the risk and importance of the project to the organization. Planning risk management Quantitative risk management Agile risk management None of the above

Planning Risk Management

The group decision making method in which the largest block in a group makes the decision, even if a majority is not achieved is _______. Unanimity Majority Plurality Dictatorship

Plurality

Precision and accuracy are _____. the same not the same aspects of grade None of the above

Precision and accuracy are not equivalent.

When we provide direction on activities that can be performed to reduce the probability of the negative consequences associated with project risk, that is called __________. performance corrective guidance corrective action defect repair preventive action

Preventative Action

_____ refers to one of the fundamental tenets of modern quality management, which states that quality is planned, designed and built in, not inspected in. Continuous improvement Management responsibility Customer satisfaction None of the above

Prevention over inspection refers to one of the fundamental tenets of modern quality management, which states that quality is planned, designed and built in, not inspected in. (None of the Above)

Prevention

Prevention refers to keeping the errors out of the process.

Ideally, the PM is assigned __________. prior to project charter signoff prior to planning prior or contract signoff when the SOW needs to be written

Prior to planning

You are a project manager, and your team is executing the work packages to produce a medical records archive and retrieval system. Two of the project's customers have just asked for changes that each says should be the number one priority. What would be the BEST thing to do? Have the project team meet with the customers to decide which would be easiest and prioritize that one first. Assign someone from the team to prioritize the changes. Prioritize the changes without involving the team. Deny both changes since you are in Project Execution

Prioritize the changes without involving the team.

Activity Duration Estimates

Probable number of periods this activity should take with the probable range of results.

Integration Management Knowledge Area

Process - OutPuts Develop Project Charter - OutPut- Project Charter Develop Project Management Plan - OutPut - Project Management Plan Direct and Manage Project Work - OutPut- Deliverables, Project Data, Change Request Monitor & Control Project Work - OutPut- Change Request, Work Performance Reports Perform Integrated Change Control - OutPut - Approve Change Requests, Change Log Close Project or Phase - OutPut - Final Product Service or Result Transition

Integration Management Processes

Process Group - Initiating - Develop Project Charter Planning - Develop Project Management Plan Executing - Direct and Manage Project Work Monitoring and Controlling - Monitor & Control project work, Perform Integrated Change Management Control Closing - Close Project or Phase

Control Scope

Process Group - Monitoring and Controlling under Scope Management Knowledge area, where change requests are managed and changes to the scope baseline are detected. Raw data flows in, and more useful information flows out. Inputs include - Work Performance Data (raw measurements before any analysis) Key Tools - Variance Analysis Key Outputs Work Performance Information

____ describe the purpose of processes, their start and end, their inputs and outputs, the data required, the owner and the stakeholders. Control limits Process boundaries Configuration metrics Control points

Process boundaries describe the purpose of processes, their start and end, their inputs and outputs, the data required, the owner and the stakeholders.

When ___ is/are used with control limits, they allow for the analysis of process efficiency. process improvements targets for improvement process boundaries process configuration

Process improvements, when used with control limits, allow the analysis of process efficiency.

____ refers to the features and functions that characterize a product, service or result. Product Scope Project Scope Feature Definition Acceptance Criteria

Product Scope

Product analysis can be applied to projects producing a ____ as a deliverable. service result product All of the above

Product analysis can be an effective tool when allied on projects that produce a product as a deliverable, as opposed to a service or result.

Product quality measures and techniques are specific to the _________. way in which the project is managed type of project and stakeholder approval type of product produced by the project None of the above

Product quality measures and techniques are specific to the type of product produced by the project.

Delivery requirements is an example of a ________ project requirement product requirement stakeholder requirement acceptance criterion

Product requirements can include information on technical requirements, security requirements and performance requirements.

______ progressively elaborate the characteristics of the product, service or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation. Project assumptions Product acceptance criteria Project constraints None of the above

Product scope description progressively elaborates the characteristics of the product, service, or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation

______ progressively elaborate the characteristics of the product, service or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation. Project assumptions Product acceptance criteria Project constraints None of the above

Product scope description progressively elaborates the characteristics of the product, service, or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation.

Progressive Elaboration

Progressive Elaboration is the context of learning as you become aware of new environmental and operational assets. "The term 'progressive elaboration' simply means you do not know all of the characteristics about a product when you begin the project. Instead, they may be revisited often and refined. For instance, you may gather some of the requirements, perform preliminary design, take the results to the stakeholder for feedback, and then return to gather more requirements. The chareacteristics of the product emerge over time, or 'progressively'". (Crow, 2015)

Progressive elaboration involves ___________. continuously improving the plan and adding detail as you go closely controlling the scope of the project implementing agile practices to continuously redefine the project scope allowing budget and scope to grow as needed until everyone is happy

Progressive elaboration involves continuous improvement as the scope is defined and refined. It allows the team to manage greater levels of detail as the project evolves.

Costs associated with rewards and recognition programs are necessary for determining the _______. project cost estimate hammock costs budget at complete environmental costs

Project Cost Estimates

ROI, discounted cash flow and investment payback analysis may be included in ______. Project Cost Containment Project Cost Management Project Financial Tracking Reports None of the above

Project Cost Management

____ is primarily concerned with the cost of the resources needed to complete the project activities. Project Cost Containment Project Cost Management Account Control Project Cost Control

Project Cost Management is primarily concerned with the cost of the resources needed to complete the project activities.

Knowledge Areas

Project Integration Management Project Scope Management Project Time Management Project Cost Management Project Quality Management Project Human Resource Management Project Communications Management Project Risk Management Project Procurement Management Project Stakeholder Management. https://www.project-management-prepcast.com/pmbok-knowledge-areas-and-pmi-process-groups

The schedule baseline is a component of the ________. performance management plan project management plan program control methodology None of the above

Project Management Plan

The schedule management plan and the schedule baseline are both included in the _______. project scope statement project target schedule project milestone schedule project management plan

Project Management Plan

You're meeting with a new project manager who has taken over a project that is in the middle of execution. The previous PM has left the company and the new project manager is upset that change requests are streaming in from numerous sources including his boss, the customer, and various stakeholders. The project manager is not even aware of how to process all of these incoming change requests. Where would you refer him/her? Project scope statement Project management Plan The previous project manager Project Charter

Project Management Plan

Project Coordinator

Project Managers don't exist in some organizations and that's where you find a project coordinator. The PC is significantly weaker than a PM. This person may not be allowed to make budget decisions or overall project decisions. However, they may have some authority to reassign resources. Usually found in weak matrix or functional organizations.

______ includes the processes necessary to purchase or acquire products, services or results needed from outside the project team. Project Communication Management Project Procurement Management Project Quality Management Project Risk Management

Project Procurement Management includes the processes necessary to purchase or acquire products, services or results needed from outside the project team.

_____ includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all the work required to complete the project successfully. Project Scope Management Control Scope Collect Requirements Project Scope Validation

Project Scope Management

Project budgets constitute the _______. funds authorized to execute the project funds that the PM controls baseline for what will be spent All of the above

Project budgets constitute the funds authorized to execute the project.

Predefined budget and schedule milestones are examples of________. project constraints project acceptance criteria project assumptions project document updates

Project constraints

____ involves the processes involved in estimating, budgeting and controlling costs so that the project can be completed within the approved budget.

Project cost management

Which of the following is/are outputs of Estimate Activity Duration? activity resource requirements resource breakdown structure project document updates None of the above

Project document updates are an output of Estimate Activity Duration. The other options are outputs of Estimate Activity Resources.

Project risk is _____. a problem that must be eliminated a warning sign of trouble on the project always in the future Something that must be used to manipulate people

Project risk is always in the future.

Project risk is _____. a problem that must be eliminated a warning sign of trouble on the project always in the future something that must be used to manipulate people

Project risk is always in the future.

Project schedule network diagrams can be presented in which of the following formats? AON time-scales schedule logic bar chart All of the above

Project schedule network diagrams can be presented in the activity-on-node (AON) diagram format, or presented in a time-scaled schedule network diagram format that is sometimes called a logic bar chart.

Project work packages are_____. typically decomposed into smaller components called activities the lowest level of defined work in the WBS; they do not need to be decomposed further tasks with duration of zero None of these

Project work packages are typically decomposed into smaller components called activities.

Observation is called job shadowing because it makes use of ______. iterative cycles of mock-up creation feedback generation prototype revision None of the above

Prototypes support the concept of progressive elaboration because they are used in iterative cycles of mock-up creation, user experimentation, feedback generation and prototype revision.

______ supports the concept of progressive elaboration. Brainstorming Observation Prototyping Mind mapping

Prototypes support the concept of progressive elaboration because they are used in iterative cycles of mock-up creation, user experimentation, feedback generation and prototype revision.

_____ is used to obtain early feedback on requirements by providing a working model of the expected product before actually building it. Observation Delphi technique Nominal technique Prototyping

Prototyping

Resource rate information that is available from commercial databases is an example of ____________. market conditions published commercial information Both of these Neither of these

Published Commercial Information

Which of the following are enterprise environmental factors in the Identify Risks process? published information, including commercial databases baselines project files, including actual data None of the above

Published information, including commercial databases is the only item listed that is an enterprise environmental factor.

_____ communication is used for very large volumes of information or audiences that require the recipients to access the content at their own discretion. Push Interactive Pull None of the above

Pull

When completing a session using ____, the needs are objectively sorted and prioritized before goals are set for achieving them. JAD QFD VPC NGT

QFD

What types of facilitated workshop techniques determine critical characteristics for new product development? JAD sessions QFD sessions VOC sessions Sprint backlog definition

QFD Sessions

Quality audits should be _________. scheduled with external auditors random with internal auditors scheduled or random with internal or external auditors None of the above

Quality audits should be scheduled or random with internal or external auditors.

Quality control is generally performed _______. before scope verification after scope verification before verify scope or in parallel after scope verification or in parallel

Quality control is generally performed before scope verification, but these two processes can be performed in parallel.

____ are the results of quality control activities and are used to analyze and evaluate the quality standards and processes of the performing organization. Quality control measurements Quality metrics Process improvement plans work performance metrics

Quality control measurements

____ are the documented results of quality control activities in the format specified during Plan Quality Management. Quality control measurements Quality assurance metrics Corrective measures None of the above

Quality control measurements are the documented results of quality control activities in the format specified during quality planning.

What types of facilitated workshop techniques determine critical characteristics for new product development? JAD sessions QFD sessions VOC sessions Sprint backlog definition

Quality function deployment is an example of a facilitated workshop technique that helps determine critical characteristics for new product development.

Quality level that fails to meet quality requirements is _____. always a problem not necessarily a problem an indicator that scope has changed Both a problem and an indicator that scope has changed

Quality level that fails to meet quality requirements is always a problem.

Analysis of the ____ is a technique to evaluate the degree to which the data about risks is useful for risk management. quantity of risk data quality of risk data level of detail of risk data All of the above

Quality of risk data

What sets the intended direction of a performing organization with regard to quality? corrective action quality policy quality configuration quality control

Quality policy

In Project Scope Management, questions and/or surveys are most appropriate with ______________. broad audiences when quick turnaround is needed broad audiences when quick turnaround is not needed narrow audiences when quick turnaround is needed narrow audiences when quick turnaround is not needed

Questions and surveys are most appropriate with broad audiences when quick turnaround is needed and where statistical analysis is appropriate.

___ are used to bring the project info compliance with the project management plan. Recommended corrective actions Risk reassessments Recommended preventive actions None of the above

Recommended Preventive actions

______ include contingency plans and workaround plans. Recommended corrective actions Risk reassessments Recommended preventive actions None of the above

Recommended correction actions include contingency plans and workaround plans.

What does schedule compression do to the project schedule and scope? reduces the schedule and adjusts the scope as necessary reduces the schedule while maintaining the scope adjusts the schedule as needed to meet the scope None of the above

Reduces the schedule while maintaining the scope -Schedule compression shortens the project schedule without changing the project scope, to meet schedule constraints, imposed dates or other schedule objectives.

Product Scope

Refers to the features and functions accomplished to deliver a product, service or result with the specified features and functions.

Change requests can be initiated __________. internally externally either internally or externally neither internally nor externally

Requests for change can be direct or indirect, they can be initiated internally or externally, and they can be optional or legally mandated.

______ become the foundation of the WBS. Task assignments Work packages Requirements Stakeholder objectives

Requirements

The ______ links requirements to their origin and traces them throughout the project lifecycle. requirements management table requirements management plan requirements breakdown structure requirements traceability matrix

Requirements Traceability Matrix

_____ compares the amount of the contingency reserves remaining to the amount of risk remaining at any time in the project in order to determine if the remaining reserve is adequate. Risk auditing Reserve analysis Technical performance measurement None of the above

Reserve Analysis

With respect to schedule data, information frequently supplied as supporting detail includes __________. resource histograms activity resource requirements risk register schedule baseline

Resource Histogram - Option 1 is an example of resource requirements, which is one of the types of supporting detail supplied as schedule data

____ are used to document the time periods that each project team member can work on the project. Resource calendars Project staff assignments Project plan updates None of the above

Resource calendars are used to document the time periods that each project team member can work on the project.

____ provide(s) information on which resources are assigned to the project and when they are assigned. Activity attributes The work breakdown structures The resource skills matrix Resource calendars

Resource calendars provide information on which resources are assigned to the project and when they are assigned.

Published seller price lists are an example of ________. published market conditions published cost assumptions published commercial information None of the above=

Resource cost rate information is often available from commercial databases that offer published commercial information. Published seller price lists are another source of published commercial information.

Resource rate information that is available from commercial databases is an example of ____________. market conditions published commercial information Both of these Neither of these

Resource cost rate information is often available from commercial databases that offer published commercial information. Published seller price lists are another source of published commercial information.

Which of the following has the ability to necessitate an update to the project resource requirements? resource leveling analysis schedule baselining hammock activities None of the above

Resource leveling analysis

Resource leveling can be used _____. when shared or critical required resources are only available at certain times when shared or critical required resources are only available in limited quantities to keep resource usage at a constant level All of the above

Resource leveling can be used when shared or critical required resources are available only at certain times, are only available in limited quantities or to keep resource usage at a constant level.

Resource leveling can be used when ______. shared or critical required resources are only available at certain times non-critical resources are freely available and can be applied as needed to maintain the schedule Both of these Neither of these

Resource leveling can be used when shared or critical required resources are available only at certain times, are only available in limited quantities or to keep resource usage at a constant level.

Resource leveling can be used when ______. shared or critical required resources are only available at certain times non-critical resources are freely available and can be applied as needed to maintain the schedule Both of these Neither of these

Resource leveling can be used when shared or critical required resources are available only at certain times, are only available in limited quantities or to keep resource usage at a constant level.

In order to use resource leveling, what other technique must have been applied first? what-if scenario analysis critical chain method critical path method schedule compression

Resource leveling is a scheduling network analysis technique applied to a schedule that has already been analyzed by the critical path method.

The project charter does all of the following except _______________. formally authorizes the project documents initial requirements documents the stakeholders' needs and expectations formally assigns resources to the PM in charge

Resources are not assigned until later in project planning.

_________ refers to work that a project team member is expected to perform in order to complete the project's activities. Competency Role Authority Responsibility

Responsiblity

Return On Investment

Return on Investment (ROI) is the percentage of output you get in relation to the input you give. In other words, if you spend $100 for an ad and 10 people responded, your ROI is 10%. The test will take a look at the return you receive as a result of money invested. They use a $200,000 investment that will benefit in saving $230,000 in the first year. In this case they will use (benefit - cost) / cost or 230,000-200,000=30,000/200,000 = 15%

____ is the process of defining how to conduct risk management activities for a project. Monitor and Control Risks Plan Risk Response Identify Risks Plan Risk Management

Risk Management Plan

_____ assessment investigates the likelihood that each specific risk will occur. SWOT analysis Risk probability assessment Qualitative risk analysis Risk impact assessment

Risk Probability Assessment

____ examine(s) and document(s) the effectiveness of risk responses in dealing with identified risks and their root causes, as well as the effectiveness of the Risk Management process. risk audits variance analysis technical performance measurements reserve analysis

Risk audits

____ investigates the potential effect on a project objective such as schedule, cost, quality or performance, including both negative effects for threats and positive effects for opportunities.

Risk impact assessment

The ______ describes how risk management will be structured and performed on the project. risk register project requirements document risk management plan All of the above

Risk management plan

When are risk management responsibilities assigned? when the charter is signed during the risk planning meeting when the SOW is written during resource assignment

Risk management responsibilities are assigned during the risk planning meeting.

Risks not assessed as important in the ____ process can be placed on a watch list for continued monitoring. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis Identify Risks None of the above

Risks not assessed as important in the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process can be placed on a watch list for continued monitoring.

____ defines the lead, support and risk management team members of each type of activity in the risk management plan and clarifies their responsibilities. Roles and responsibilities Timing Methodology Budgeting

Roles and responsibilities defines the lead, support and risk management team members of each type of activity in the risk management plan and clarifies their responsibilities.

____ is a specific technique used to identify a problem, uncover the underlying causes that lead to it and to develop preventive action. Root cause analysis Delphi technique Brainstorming Interviewing

Root cause analysis

_____ can establish the earned value measurement technique(s) to be employed on a project. Level of accuracy Unit of measure Process descriptions Rules of performance management

Rules of Performance Management

Rules of performance management

Rules of performance management can establish the earned value management computation equations for determining the project estimate at completion forecasts and other tracking methodologies.

____ can establish the earned value management computation equations for determining the project estimate at completion forecasts and other tracking methodologies. Control thresholds Rules of performance management Reporting formats None of the above

Rules of performance management can establish the earned value management computation equations for determining the project estimate at completion forecasts and other tracking methodologies.

What type of charts show trends in a process over time, variation over time, or decline or improvements in a process over time.

Run charts show trends in a process over time, variation over time, or decline or improvements in a process over time.

What type of charts show trends in a process over time, variation over time, or decline or improvements in a process over time. scatter diagrams PERT charts run charts control charts

Run charts show trends in a process over time, variation over time, or decline or improvements in a process over time.

The EVM ___ will ultimately equal zero when the project is completed because all of the planned values will have been earned. SV BCWP PWB AC

SV

SV = __________. schedule variance schedule value scope variance None of the above

SV = schedule variance.

SV and CV variances and indices are useful for determining project status and providing a basis for estimating _______. project cost schedule outcome Both of these Neither of these

SV and CV variances and indices are useful for determining project status and providing a basis for estimating project cost and schedule outcome.

_____ techniques are used to find ways to bring project activities that are behind into alignment with the plan. PMIS Schedule compression What-if scenario analysis Change request

Schedule Compression

__ includes at least the schedule milestones, schedule activities, activity attributes and documentation of all identified assumptions and constraints.

Schedule Data

When creating duration estimates, contingency reserve should be clearly identified in ______. resource assignment schedule documentation status reports None of the above

Schedule Documentation

A ____ defines the rules and approaches for the scheduling process. scheduling methodology scheduling tool schedule management plan None of the above

Schedule Management Plan

Advanced practitioners may refer to the printed project schedule information as the schedule and the schedule data and calculations as the _______. schedule register schedule matrix schedule model schedule template

Schedule Model

In duration estimates, what do contingency reserves account for? resource uncertainty scheduling uncertainty Both of these Neither of these

Schedule Uncertainty

What does schedule compression do to the project schedule and scope? reduces the schedule and adjusts the scope as necessary reduces the schedule while maintaining the scope adjusts the schedule as needed to meet the scope None of the above

Schedule compression shortens the project schedule without changing the project scope, to meet schedule constraints, imposed dates or other schedule objectives.

____ shortens the project schedule without changing the project scope. Applying leads and lags Monte Carlo Schedule compression None of the above

Schedule compression shortens the project schedule without changing the project scope, to meet schedule constraints, imposed dates or other schedule objectives.

Schedule data could include which of the following? schedule baseline hammock activities activity attributes None of the above

Schedule data could include resource histograms, cash-flow projections, and order and delivery schedules.

Schedule development can require _________ to create an approved project schedule that can serve as a baseline to track progress. review and revision of duration estimates review and revision of resource estimates Both of these Neither of these

Schedule development can require the review and revision of duration estimates and resource estimates to create an approved project schedule that can serve as a baseline to track progress.

The ____ describes how the schedule will be managed and controlled.

Schedule management plan

Which of these analytical techniques does schedule network analysis utilize? forward pass backward pass critical chain method All of the above

Schedule network analysis employees various analytical techniques, such as critical path method, critical chain method, what-if scenario analysis and resource leveling.

_____ is a technique that generates the project schedule. Critical path method Schedule network analysis Critical chain method None of the above

Schedule network analysis is a technique that generates the project schedule.

SPI is sometimes used in conjunction with ____ to forecast the final project completion estimates. CV SV AON None of the above

Schedule performance index (SPI) is sometimes used in conjunction with cost performance index (CPI) to forecast the final project completion estimates.

The EVM ___ is a useful metric in that it can indicate a project falling behind its baseline schedule.

Schedule variance

3 Project Baselines

Scope Baseline, Cost Baseline, and Schedule Baseline (Triple Constraint - Scope, Cost, Time)

The _____ provides the product description, acceptance criteria, key deliverables, project boundaries, assumptions and constraints about the project. preliminary scope statement scope statement configuration documentation SOW

Scope Statement

Economic Value Add (EVA)

Shows how much value the project has created for its shareholders. The EVA looks at more than profits, it looks at opportunity costs. By taking into account all capital costs, the EVA can effectively show how much wealth was created or lost over a period of time. To calculate EVA we begin with the After Tax Profits of the project, Subtract the capital invested in the project and multiply by how much that capital cost. EVA = After Tax Profit - (Capital expenditure * Cost of Capital) Example - Net Profit - 10,000 Capital Expenditure - 175,000 Cost of Capital - 6% return 10,000 - (175,000*.06) = -500 In this case, the logic is that the company would have made a better choice investing in the bank instead of the project, but does that really consider the intangible wealth it brought to shareholders? This is somethign to take into consideration.

Activity Decomposition

Similar to scope decomposition, except that the final result here is an activity list instead of a WBS.

Since the SPI measures all project work, the performance on the ___ must also be analyzed to determine whether the project will finish ahead of or behind its planned finish date. cost baseline critical path critical chain None of the above

Since the SPI measures all project work, the performance on the critical path must also be analyzed to determine whether the project will finish ahead of or behind its planned finish date.

Empathy, influence, creativity and group facilitation are all part of _______. team building activities training interpersonal skills non-critical skills

Skills such as empathy, influence, creativity and group facilitation are valuable assets when managing the project team. These are part of interpersonal skills.

____ is the conflict resolution technique that emphasizes areas of agreement rather than areas of difference. Smoothing/Accommodating Compromising Collaborating Confronting/Problem Solving

Smoothing/Accommodating is the conflict resolution technique that emphasizes areas of agreement rather than areas of difference.

A contract is _____ a required input for the Develop Project Charter process.

Sometimes - Where Applicable.

_____ is a process of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project. Stakeholder communication Stakeholder identification Stakeholder analysis Stakeholder management

Stakeholder analysis is a process of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project.

_______ are persons and organizations such as customers, sponsors, the performing organization, and the public, that are actively involved in the project, or whose interests may be positively or negatively affected by the execution or completion of the project

Stakeholders

Stakeholder

Stakeholders are individuals who are involved in the project or whose interests may be positively or negatively affected as a result of the execution or completion of the project.

What type of templates can help speed up the preparation of networks of project work? Gantt chart templates leveling templates acceleration templates standardized schedule network diagrams

Standardize schedule network diagrams

Supporting detail for activity costs estimates may include: documentation of the basis of estimate documentation of all assumptions made documentation of any known constraints All of the above

Supporting detail for activity costs estimates may include documentation of the basis of the estimate, documentation of all assumptions made; documentation of any known constraints; indication of the range of possible estimates to indicate that the item i

Your organization has a policy that any project changes that increase the project's budget by more than 1.5% must be signed off by the project office. A change was requested that will increase the budget by 3%; however, the customer offered to pay for all of the changes and does not want to slow it down. Which option represents the BEST choice: Approve the change yourself and take it to the project office after the work is underway. Ask the customer to take the change to the project office and explain the situation. Do not allow the change since it increases the budget by over 1.5% Take the change to the project office.

Take the change to the project office

______ are legal contractual agreements between two or more entities to form a partnership or joint venture, or some other arrangement as defined by the parties. Risk-related contract decisions Teaming agreements Merger agreements None of the above

Teaming agreements are legal contractual agreements between two or more entities to form a partnership or joint venture, or some other arrangement as defined by the parties.

Which of the following are included in the WBS dictionary? risk responses technical references change requests None of the above

Technical references is the only option listed which is included in the WBS dictionary.

Benefit Cost Ratio

The BCR is the ratio of benefits to costs. Sell Amount/Cost = Ratio - A ratio over 1% is a positive investment and benefit is greater than cost. The book "PMP Exam How to Pass on the First Try", by Andy Crowe, PMP, uses an example of the cost to build a structure ($1,000,000) the sale price ($1,500,000). The formula - 1,500,000/1,000,000 = 1.5 to 1. The idea being that in this condition, the benefit is $1.50 for every $1.00 spent.

___ is used to manage the actual changes when they occur and is integrated with the other control processes. Project Quality Control Control Scope Project Integration Control Project Process Control

The Control Scope process is used to manage the actual changes when they occur and is integrated with the other control processes.

____ calculates the theoretical early start and finish dates, the late start and finish dates for all activities without regard for resource limitations by performing forward and backwards pass analysis through the schedule network. The critical path method The critical chair method resource leveling What-if scenario analysis

The Critical Path Method

The Develop Project Management Plan process produces ______. a schedule management plan a scheduling tool a selected scheduling methodology All of the above

The Develop Project Management Plan process produces a schedule management plan that selects a scheduling methodology, a scheduling tool, and sets the format and establishes criteria for developing and controlling the project schedule.

______ is the process of improving the competencies, team interaction and the overall team environment to enhance project performance. Develop Project Team Acquire Project Team Develop Human Resources Plan Manage Project Team

The Develop Project Team process is the process of improving the competencies, team interaction and the overall team environment to enhance project performance.

The EAC forecast for ETC work ___ forecast assumes that the ETC work will be performed at an efficiency rate that considers both the cost and schedule performance indices. performed at the budgeted rate performed at the present CPI considering both SPI and CPI factors to complete performance

The EAC forecast for ETC work considering both SPI and CPI factors forecast assumes that the ETC work will be performed at an efficiency rate that considers both the cost and schedule performance indices.

When is the EAC forecast for ETC work considering both SPI and CPI factors most useful? when the project schedule is a factor impacting the ETC effort when the project schedule is not a factor impacting the ETC effort when the project schedule is a factor impact the EAC effort None of the above

The EAC forecast for ETC work considering both SPI and CPI factors is most useful when the project schedule is a factor impacting the ETC effort.

The EAC forecast for ETC work ______ method assumes the actual project performance to date as represented by the actual costs and predicts that all future ETC work will be accomplished at the budgeted rate. performed at the budgeted rate performed at the present CPI considering both SPI and CPI factors to complete performance

The EAC forecast for ETC work performed at the budgeted rate method assumes the actual project performance to date as represented by the actual costs and predicts that all future ETC work will be accomplished at the budgeted rate.

When the contract used will cover the seller's performance for a period of years, a special provision allows for adjustments in pricing in order to stay in sync with inflation. This type of contract is called __________. Time and Materials Fixed Price Incentive Fee Firm Fixed Price Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment

The Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment (FP-EPA) allows for flexibility in pricing based on inflation.

Reviewing, tracking and regulating work progress to meet the performance objectives defined in the project management plan is accomplished by __________. the Control Scope process the Monitor and Control Project Work process the Control Quality process work performance management

The Monitor and Control Project Work process

The project management plan is made up of: The other planning outputs The other planning outputs, tools, and techniques The aggregate outputs of approved software tools The business case, key value justification, and the GANTT Chart.

The Other planning outputs

Whose signature authorizes the project?

The PMBOK® Guide lists the initiator as the person whose signature authorizes the project.

If you are creating a single document to guide project execution, monitoring and control, and closure, your creating. The execution plan The project management plan The integration plan The project framework

The Project Management Plan

The Project Scope Management processes need to be ______ the other Knowledge Area processes. maintained as discrete in relationship to defined independently of well integrated with evaluated against

The Project Scope Management processes need to be well integrated with the other Knowledge Area processes.

The ____ is an hierarchically organized depiction of the identified projects risks arranged by risk category and subcategory that identifies the various areas and causes of potential risks

The RBS is an hierarchically organized depiction of the identified projects risks arranged by risk category and subcategory that identifies the various areas and causes of potential risks.

Requirements prioritization process, product metrics and traceability structure are typically part of _______. product metrics the requirements management plan configuration management requirements documentation

The Requirements Management Plan

Scope of Work

The Scope of Work (SOW) is a formal agreement document that specifies all the criteria of a contract between a service provider (vendor) and the customer. It clearly documents the project requirements, milestones, deliverables, end products, documents and reports that are expected to be provided by the vendor.

Project Statement of Work

The Statement of Work, SOW is a written description of the project's product, service, or result. This will be supplied by the customer, however, if the customer is your own organization, the Project's Sponsor should supply this. Essential elements include what work is to be done, the business reason for doing it and how the project supports the organization's strategy.

The WBS component used for the project cost accounting is called the ____. Cost Manager (CM) Project Cost Account (PCA) Control Account (CA) None of the above

The WBS component used for the project cost accounting is called the Control Account (CA).

The scope baseline is the component of the project management plan that may include __________. the WBS dictionary scope verification criteria baseline package identifier None of the above

The WBS dictionary is one of the elements that make up the scope baseline.

The document that defines the items listed in the work breakdown structure is called the ________. WBS dictionary requirements definition use case dictionary work package requirements

The WBS dictionary provides detailed definition for each element in the work breakdown structure.

The ____ provides detailed descriptions of the components in the WBS, including the work packages and control accounts. product backlog user stories work package dictionary None of the above

The WBS dictionary provides detailed descriptions of the components in the WBS, including the work packages and control accounts.

The WBS

The WBS identifies the deliverables, the work packages and the control accounts used to measure project performance.

The WBS represents ____. all product and project work, except the project management work all product and project work, including the project management work only the work required to produce the deliverable, service or result only the work required to manage the project

The WBS represents all product and project work, including the project management work.

The ___ strategy is adopted because it is seldom possible to eliminate all threats from a project. avoid transfer mitigate accept

The accept strategy is adopted because it is seldom possible to eliminate all threats from a project.

The activity list includes a ____ and a scope of work description for each activity. work package activity identifier product backlog item None of the above

The activity list includes an activity identifier and a scope of work description for each activity.

The ____ includes sufficient detail to ensure that project team members understand what work is required to be completed. activity identifier work package list WBS activity list

The activity list includes sufficient detail to ensure that project team members understand what work is required to be completed.

Approved change requests ____ require implementation of preventive or corrective actions. always never may should

The approved change request can require preventive or corrective action, but there is no requirement that it must do so.

___________ formally initiates the project. The statement of work The approved project charter The signed contract The project initiation document

The approved project charter is the document that formally initiates the project.

Business Case

The business case explains why this project is being undertaken, the problem it will solve, and the benefit / cost analysis. These cases include: Market Demand - A market need identified through tools used by the company to verify resolving a problem. Business Need - If senior management is in need of a new reporting system to allow them to analyze trends, it might be rational to initiate a project to accomplish this. Customer Need - A customer paying for a new project is the most common reason for the project to exist. Technological Need - New advancements in technology, especially POS systems and inventory management. These are two areas that are in high demand. Legal requirement - New laws are implemented that require changes to processes. Ecological impact - Some companies undertaking projects to reduce their impact on the environment. Social Need - This area could include business development programs in developing nations.

The calendar for each project ______. may use different calendar units as the basis for scheduling the project must use the same set of calendar units for scheduling everything in the project must use a specific set of calendar units for scheduling resources, but everything else is open to interpretation may use different units for scheduling all resources, but everything else must be consistent

The calendar for each project may use different calendar units as the basis for scheduling the project.

Types of Communications Methods

The communication methods can be broadly classified into three groups: interactive communication, push communication and pull communication.

The ____ is a management control point where scope, cost and schedule are integrated and compared to the earned value for performance measurement. configuration account control account WBS identifier None of the above

The control account is a management control point where scope, cost and schedule are integrated and compared to the earned value for performance measurement.

The cost baseline includes ______. projected expenditures anticipated liabilities Both of these Neither of these

The cost baseline includes projected expenditures plus the anticipated liabilities. "Both of these"

The ___ describes how project costs will be managed and controlled. cost management plan cost performance plan cost management baseline Cost Performance baseline

The cost management plan describes how project costs will be managed and controlled.

The ____ effort sets the framework for each of the cost management processes so that the performance of the processes will be efficient and coordinated. cost containment process cost management planning Control Account All of the above

The cost management planning effort sets the framework for each of the cost management processes so that the performance of the processes will be efficient and coordinated.

The cost management processes and their associated tools and techniques are usually selected ________. during the first sprint during program life-cycle selection during scope definition during project life cycle selection

The cost management processes and their associated tools and techniques are usually selected during project life cycle selection

The cost performance baseline is compared with ___ to determine if a change, corrective action or preventive action is necessary. the schedule performance baseline work planned actual results work performance forecast

The cost performance baseline is compared with actual results to determine if a change, corrective action or preventive action is necessary.

The ____ is developed as a summation of the approved budget by time period and is typically displayed in the form of an S-curve. cost performance baseline estimate at complete schedule variance budgeted cost of work performed

The cost performance baseline is developed as a summation of the approved budget by time period and is typically displayed in the form of an S-curve.

________ can be gleaned from applied expert judgment during the Develop Project Management Plan process. Lessons learned Performance measurement criteria The defined level of configuration management to apply on a project Organizational culture

The defined level of configuration management to apply on a project.

The definition of ____ can significantly increase of decrease project and quality costs. roles and responsibilities the WBS acceptance criteria COQ

The definition of acceptance criteria can significantly increase or decrease project and quality costs.

The deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of work is called _____. DOHDOW HDW WBS TDD

The deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of work to be executed by the project team to accomplish the project objectives is called the WBS (work breakdown structure).

The output of the Direct and Manage Project Work process is: The work packages The project management information system (PMIS) The deliverables The work breakdown structure.

The deliverables

Project Scope Statement

The detailed description of the project's products or services. The scope statement is used to provide an understanding of the project requirements and results. The most key pieces to the Project Scope Statement include Deliverables, Boundaries, Acceptance criteria, constraints, and Assumptions.

The development of requirements begins with__________. analysis of the information contained in the product charter analysis of the information contained in the configuration register analysis of the information contained in the project charter and the stakeholder register analysis of the information contained in the WBS and project objectives

The development of requirements begins with an analysis of the information contained in the project charter and the stakeholder register.

Organizational process assets that can influence the Direct and Manage Project Work Process include ___________.

The first option is an enterprise environmental factor.

If the project terminates prior to completion, which of the following must happen? The formal documentation must include expert judgment. The formal documentation must define the procedures for the transfer of finished or unfinished deliverables of the cancelled project. Both of these Neither of these

The formal documentation must indicate why the project was terminated and formalize the process for the transfer of the finished or unfinished deliverables of the cancelled project to others.

The format of a requirements document _____. must remain consistent across all projects in an organization to ensure quality control must be as lightweight as possible must be well defined can vary greatly from one project to the next

The format of a requirements document may range from a simple document listing all the requirements categorized by stakeholder and priority to more elaborate forms containing executive summary, detailed descriptions and attachments.

The format of risk statements should be ____ to ensure the ability to compare the relative effect of one risk event against others on the project. complex consistent simple detailed

The format of risk statements should be consistent to ensure the ability to compare the relative effect of one risk event against others on the project.

The formula used to calculate the total number of communication channel is ______. {n+(N-1)}/2 {n(n-1)}/2 N/2 None of the above

The formula that is commonly used is {N(N-1)} / 2.

Functional Manager

The functional manager is the departmental manager in most organizational structure, such as the manager of engineering, director of marketing, or information technology manager. The functional manager usually "owns" the resources that are loaned to the project manager, and has the human resources responsibilities for them.

The goal of quality control is to _____. determine the grade of the deliverable determine the correctness of the deliverable determine the quality of the deliverable All of the above

The goal of quality control is to determine the correctness of the deliverable.

What does the human resource plan document? project roles and responsibilities project organization charts staffing management plan All of the above

The human resource plan documents project roles and responsibilities, project organization charts and the staffing management plan including the timetable for staff acquisition and release. All of the Above

Identification of training needs, compliance considerations and safety issues would be included in ______. training and safety plan compliance documentation human resource plan risk containment plan

The human resource plan may also include the identification of training needs, team building strategies, plans for recognition and rewards programs, compliance considerations, safety issues and the impact of the staffing plan on the organization.

Matrix

The hybrid organization where individuals have both a functional manager for human resources and a project manager for projects. The project manager carries more weight in a strong matrix and less in a weak matrix where the functional manager carries more. In a balanced matrix the power is shared evenly between the functional and project manager. Benefits • Can be the best of both worlds. Project managers can gain the deep expertise of a functional organization while still being empowered to manage the resources on the project. Drawbacks • Higher overhead due to the duplication of effort on some tasks. • Resources report to a functional manager and have a dotted line to a project manager causing some conflict and confusion. • High possibility for contention between the project manager and functional managers • Because resources do not report to the project manager, they may be less loyal to him or her.

The idea of factoring uncertainty and risk into activity duration estimates originated with _____. Gantt PERT MacGregor None of the above

The idea of factoring uncertainty and risk into activity duration estimates originated with PERT.

Because it is temporary, a project's social, economic and environmental impact _____________. is always temporary does not have to be affected by the temporary nature of the work should always try to have a permanent, lasting effect will only last if it produces a lasting deliverable

The impact of something like building a monument or spilling toxic materials into the ground can have a long lasting impact that far exceeds the temporary shelf life of the project.

The information contained in ___ can be used to indicate resource costs over the duration of the project. resource calendars activity attributes the work breakdown structure the resource skills matrix

The information contained in resource calendars can be used to indicate resource costs over the duration of the project.

The information contained in the ___ can be used to aggregate costs to the calendar periods in which the costs are planned to be incurred. work breakdown structure project schedule risk register configuration management plan

The information contained in the project schedule can be used to aggregate costs to the calendar periods in which the costs are planned to be incurred.

The information from performance reports and related forecasts assists in determining _________. future human resource requirements recognition and rewards updates to the staffing management plan All of the above

The information from performance reports and related forecasts assists in determining future human resource requirements, recognition and rewards and updates to the staffing management plan.

Develop Project Charter

The initiating process within integration management creates an official Project Charter Document. Inputs include - Project Statement of Work and the Business Case. Outputs include Project Charter.

The key to effective cost control is the management of the ________ and the changes in to that baseline. schedule baseline estimated work baseline approved cost performance baseline None of the above

The key to effective cost control is the management of the approved cost performance baseline and the changes in to that baseline.

The lifecycle selected for the project should be defined during the __________ process. Develop Project Charter Project Configuration Management Develop Project Management Plan Project Lifecycle Selection

The lifecycle selected for the project should be defined during the Develop Project Management Plan process.

Where are the primary outputs from Identify Risks? list of identified risks list of potential responses Both of these Neither of these

The list of identified risks and the list of potential responses are the two primary outputs of the Identify Risks process

The main output of the Identify Stakeholders process is the _______. Salience Model power/interest grids stakeholder register None of the above

The main output of the Identify Stakeholders process is the stakeholder register.

Work performance information is collected during execution and fed into_________. the Quality Performance Reporting process the Performance Auditing process control reports the Manage Communications process

The manage communications process

Return on Investment Captial

The measure of ROIC looks at how an organization uses money invested in a project, and it's expressed as a percentage. The question - for out of every dollar invested, how much is cash in hand and how much is cash borrowed? Formula ROIC = Net Income (after tax) from the project / Total Capital invested in the project. PMP Exam Prep by Andy Crow uses the following analogy a company invests $250,000 in a project that generated $60,000 "top line revenue in its first year, with $20,000 in operational costs and tax liability of $8,750. Calculating ROIC, first calculate the after-tax profits by subtracting the costs from revenue. 60,000-20,000 - 8750=31,250" Apply ROIC formula, as seen above = 31250/250,000= 12.5% This means the project is returning 12.5% annually on the cash it invested to perform the project.

Backward Pass

The method for calculating late start and late finish dates for an activity. Aligns with float.

What is the most commonly used contract type? Time and Materials Fixed Price Incentive Fee Firm Fixed Price Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment

The most commonly used type of contract is the Firm Fixed Price (FFP).

The objective of ____ is to ensure that each work package has an unambiguous owner and that all team members have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities. activity resource requirements organizational charts and position descriptions resource assignment requirements None of these

The objective of organizational charts and position descriptions is to ensure that each work package has an unambiguous owner and that all team members have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities.

The objective of ____ activities is to help individual team members work together more effectively. training interpersonal team building individual building

The objective of team building activities is to help individual team members work together more effectively.

Which of the following names can be used in place of "seller"? vendor prime contractor contractor purchaser

The only term listed that can be used for seller is vendor. All the others are terms which can be used in place of buyer.

Projectized

The organization is structured according to projects instead of functional department. The Project Manager is both the manager of the project and of the people. They are highly empowered and have the highest level of control. It is more commonly found in consulting environments. Who's in Charge - The Project Manager Benefits - • Project Manager has complete Authority • Project communication is easiest since everyone is on a single project • Loyalty is strong to both the team and the project • Contention for resources does not exist. Drawbacks - • Team only belongs to a project - not a functional area so when the project is completed the team members need to find other work. • Team members "work themselves out of a job" - they may have nowhere to go when the project is over. • Professional growth and development can be difficult.

Monitor and Control Project Work is concerned with __________. tracking, reviewing and regulating the progress to meet performance objectives defined in the project management plan tracking and documenting project management variables reporting back to senior management on all variances in the final product developing a plan to monitor project output

The other options include part of the effort that Monitor and Control Project Work concerns.

Which of these elements are normally included in the business case to justify the project? SWOT analysis delphi analysis lessons learned cost-benefit analysis

The other three items are not normally part of the business case.

Expert judgment can be provided by ___________. lessons learned facilitated workshops other units within the organization All of the above

The others are not examples of expert judgment. Other units within the organization is one of the many listed sources who can provide expert judgment.

In preparing contingency and response plans to overcome or mitigate the impact of unexpected situations to the project schedule, what technique is most commonly used? what-if scenario analysis risk analysis resource leveling risk identification

The outcome of the what-if scenario analysis can be used to assess the feasibility of the project schedule under adverse conditions, or in preparing contingency and response plans to overcome or mitigate the impact of unexpected situations.

Critical Path

The path through the network diagram that show wich activities, if delayed, will affect the project finish date. For schedule, the critical path represents the highest risk path in the project.

The process of subdividing project deliverables and project work into smaller, more manageable components is called ______. requirements traceability definition product backlog creation task subdivision work breakdown structure

The process of subdividing project deliverables and project work into smaller, more manageable components is called work breakdown structure.

The processes in Project Time Management

The processes in Project Time Management are discrete components that, in practice, overlap and interact.

The processes in Project Time Management ______________. are discrete components that, in practice, overlap and interact. are discrete components that, in practice, are also discrete. have vaguely defined interfaces, which are tailored to the needs of each specific process None of the above

The processes in Project Time Management are discrete components that, in practice, overlap, and interact.

The product scope description, project exclusions and project deliverables are elements of the ________. project scope statement project charter statement of work product scope statement

The product scope description, project exclusions and project deliverables are elements of the project scope statement

___ provide(s) the high-level project requirements and high-level product description of the project. The project charter Detailed product requirements The scope definition Acceptance criteria

The project Charter

Project Manager

The project Manager is the person responsible for the outcome of the project. The project manager is: Formally empowered to use organizational resources In control of the project Authorized to spend the project's budget Authorized to make decisions for the project Project managers are typically found in a matrix or projectized organization. If they exist in a functional organization, they will often be only part time and will have significantly less authority than project managers in other types of organizations.

In critical chain method, where is the project buffer placed? at the start of the critical chain at the midway point in the critical chain wherever it is needed in the critical chain at the end of the critical chain

The project buffer is placed at the end of the critical chain and protects the target finish date from slipping along the critical chain.

Who creates the project charter? Project initiator Project sponsor Project manager Any of the above

The project charter can be created by any of the roles listed here. Project initiator Project sponsor Project manager

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the project charter? The project charter justifies why the project is being undertaken. The project charter assigns the project manager The project charter specifies any high-level schedule milestones The project charter specifies what type of contract will be used.

The project charter specifies what type of contract will be used.

PMIS means________. project management information system performance measurement information system performance and issue management system project monitoring information system

The project management information system is often referred to as the PMIS.

Observation and conversation

The project management team monitors progress toward project deliverables, accomplishments that are a source of pride for team members and interpersonal issues.

Who determines the appropriate levels of accuracy and precision? the stakeholder(s) the project manager the project management team the project sponsor

The project management team must determine appropriate levels of accuracy and precision.

A project schedule that is presented in summary form is referred to as the______. master schedule critical path baseline optimized schedule

The project schedule may be presented in summary form, sometimes referred to as the master schedule or milestone schedule, or presented in detail.

The _____ provides a common understanding of the project scope among project stakeholders. project scope statement project acceptance document project charter statement of work

The project scope statement also provides a common understanding of the project scope among project stakeholders.

What does the project scope statement contain that can impact the development of the project schedule? impact statements leveling assumptions and constraints duration estimates

The project scope statement contains assumptions and constraints that can impact the development of the project schedule.

Within the Define Scope process, the project scope statement is a(n) __________. input output tool/technique input as well as an output

The project scope statement is the primary output from the Define Scope process.

What document contains explicit scope exclusions that can assist in managing stakeholder expectations? scope exception document statement of work project scope statement None of the above

The project scope statement may contain explicit scope exclusions that can assist in managing stakeholder expectations.

Which statement about the project statement of work is true: The project statement of work is generally used to define the business case for the project. The project statement of work is generally created only when one or more portions of the project are being procured from outside the organization. The project statement of work is generally created before the project is formally initiated. The project statement of work is generally considered to be an enterprise environmental factor.

The project statement of work is generally created before the project is formally initiated.

When does the project team decide what items are discretionary dependencies? during charter development during scope definition during activity sequencing during WBS creation

The project team determines which dependencies are discretionary dependencies during the process of sequencing the activities.

When does the project team decide what items are mandatory? during Charter Development during Scope Definition during Activity Sequencing during WBS Creation

The project team determines which dependencies are mandatory during the process of sequencing the activities.

Who or what determines which dependencies are mandatory? product owner project team project manager client organization

The project team determines which dependencies are mandatory during the process of sequencing the activities.

When should the quality management plan be reviewed to ensure that decisions are based on accurate information? early in the project as soon as the contract is signed at pre-determined milestones as needed

The quality management plan should be reviewed early in the project to ensure that decisions are based on accurate information.

In the Plan Quality Management process, the quality policy must be endorsed by ______. the project team the project manager the configuration manager senior management

The quality policy, as endorsed by senior management, sets the intended direction of a performing organization with regard to quality.

Triple Constraint

The relational significance of Scope, Time, and Cost with regard to change management in a project. If a change impacts one side, it impacts at least one of the other sides. Changes to Scope can impact cost or time which can impact cost. This must be taken into consideration for budgetary and resources needs.

Requirements prioritization process, product metrics and traceability structure are typically part of _______. product metrics the requirements management plan configuration management requirements documentation

The requirements management plan comprises a number of components that may include requirements prioritization process, product metrics and traceability structure.

The _______ is used to track requirements throughout the project lifecycle and ensure that the requirements approved in the requirements documentation are delivered at the end of the project. requirements document acceptance criteria requirements traceability matrix requirements lifecycle tracker

The requirements traceability matrix is used to track requirements throughout the project lifecycle and ensure that the requirements approved in the requirements documentation are delivered at the end of the project.

The requirements traceability matrix provides a structure for ______. managing changes to the project scope managing changes to the product scope managing changes to the product configuration managing changes to the business requirements

The requirements traceability matrix provides a structure for managing changes to the product scope.

The _____ is a hierarchical structure of the identified resources by resource category and resource type. work breakdown structure resource breakdown structure PMIS None of the above

The resource breakdown structure is a hierarchical structure of the identified resources by resource category and resource type.

The ____ is a hierarchical-type chart that is used to break down the project by types of resources. resource breakdown structure matrix breakdown structure RACI All of the above

The resource breakdown structure is a hierarchical-type chart which used to break down the project by types of resources.

What information does a resource histogram provide? how many hours a person, department or entire project team will be needed each week or month over the life of the project the history of resource usage on the project up to now how much money will need to be spent on resources each week for the life of the project None of the above

The resource histogram is a type of resource calendar. It demonstrates how many hours a person, department or entire project team will be needed each week or month over the life of the project.

The ___ should be reviewed to consider risk mitigation costs. risk management plan enterprise environmental factors risk configuration plan risk register

The risk register should be reviewed to consider risk mitigation costs.

The schedule baseline describes________. how changes to the schedule will be managed who ultimately owns the schedule how the schedule will be managed and controlled None of the above

The schedule baseline describes how the schedule will be managed and controlled.

What scheduling document will be compared to actual results to determine if a change, corrective action or preventive action is necessary? project management plan resource assignment matrix project target schedule schedule baseline

The schedule baseline is used to compare with actual results to determine if a change, correction action or preventive action is necessary.

The ____ is used to compare with actual results to determine if a change, corrective action or preventive action is necessary. risk register schedule baseline project management plan None of the above

The schedule baseline is used to compare with actual results to determine if a change, corrective action or preventive action is necessary.

Schedule data could include which of the following? resource histograms cash-flow projections order and delivery schedules activity attributes

The schedule data includes at least the schedule milestones, schedule activities, activity attributes, and documentation of all identified assumptions and constraints.

The approved detailed project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary are the ________ for the project. project scope product scope scope baseline product baseline

The scope baseline is defined by the WBS, WBS definition and the detailed project scope statement.

Within the Plan Quality Management process, the scope statement is a/an _______. input tool/technique output None of the Above

The scope baseline, which includes the scope statement, is an input to the Plan Quality Management process.

The _____ provides the product description, acceptance criteria, key deliverables, project boundaries, assumptions and constraints about the project. preliminary scope statement scope statement configuration documentation SOW

The scope statement provides the product description, acceptance criteria, key deliverables, project boundaries, assumptions and constraints about the project.

What determines the size of each feeding buffer? The size should account for the uncertainty in the duration of the chain of dependent tasks leading up to project completion. The size should account for the uncertainty in the duration of the chain of non-dependent tasks leading up to that buffer. The size should account for the uncertainty in the duration of the chain of dependent tasks leading up to that buffer. None of the above

The size of each buffer should account for the uncertainty in the duration of the chain of dependent activities leading up to that buffer.

Sponsor

The sponsor is the person who pays for the project. He/she may be internal or external to the company. In some cases, the sponsor is called the project champion. Also, the sponsor and the customer may be the same person, although the usual distinction is that the sponsor is internal to the performing organization and the customer is external.

Rolling wave planning

The technique in which the project management team waits until the deliverable or subproject is clarified so the WBS can be developed.

Which of the following can be monitored on and reported on both a period-by-period basis and on a cumulative basis? PV EV AC All of the above

The three parameters of planned value, earned value and actual cost can be monitored on and reported on both a period-by-period basis and on a cumulative basis.

The total PV is sometimes referred to as the ________. performance measurement baseline realized schedule variance realized performance variance performance variance baseline

The total PV is sometimes referred to as the performance measurement baseline (PMB).

Two projects are being considered by the project office, Project Clarity, and Project New Scale. The Chief Project Officer is planning to evaluate the projected Return on Investment Captial (ROIC) for both projects. In order to do that, what information would be most helpful? The total projected capital investment and net income. The projected benefit and cost. The total projected capital investment and the cost of capital. The total projected return on investment, the cost of capital, and the cureent interest rate.

The total projected capital investment and net income.

The type and quantity of resources and the amount of time that those resources are applied to complete the work of the project are major factors in determining the _____. project schedule project resourcing project cost project risk

The type and quantity of resources and the amount of time which those resources are applied to complete the work of the project are major factors in determining the project cost.

The unit of measure for resources may be defined in what document? cost management plan communications plan risk management plan None of the above

The unit of measure for resources is may be defined in the cost management plan.

Project Expeditor

The weakest of the three project management roles, an expeditor is a staff assistant who has little or no formal authority. This person reports to the executive who ultimately had responsibility for the project. The expeditor's primary responsibility lies in making sure things arrive on time and that tasks are completed on time. An expeditor is usually found in a functional organization and this role may be only part-time many organizations.

The lowest level in the WBS is the _____________. work package level scope package level requirements package level WBS dictionary

The work package is the lowest level in the WBS.

The work performance information generated by the Direct and Manage Project Work process serves as an input to the ___________ Process Group. Managing and Controlling Quality Assurance Planning Performance Management Monitoring and Controlling

The work performance information serves as an input to the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group. (There is no Performance Management Process Group)

Which of the following risk response strategies are used for positive risk? exploit share enhance All of the above

There are three types of risk responses that are suited only to positive risk. They are exploit, share and enhance.

Productivity metrics, project calendars and resources calendars are _____ in the Estimate Activity Durations process. tools and techniques outputs inputs All of these

These are all examples of different types of inputs in the Estimate Activity Durations process.

"Manage risks" and "implement risk response activities" are part of the ___________ process. Direct and Manage Project Work Risk Response Planning Risk Identification Perform Quality Control

These are both part of the Direct and Manage Project Execution process.

Which of the following are examples of schedule baseline outputs in the Develop Schedule: Outputs process milestone charts bar charts project schedule network diagrams none of the above

These are each examples of project schedule Outputs in the Develop Project Schedule : Outputs process

milestone charts bar charts project schedule network diagrams

These are each examples of project schedule Outputs in the Develop Project Schedule : Outputs process

Time reporting, accounting codes and lessons learned database are _____ to the Monitor and Control Project Work process inputs tools and techniques outputs enterprise environmental factors

These are organizational process assets, which serve as inputs to the Monitor and Control Project Work process. "Time Reporting, Accounting Codes, and lessons learned"

Process Groups

These are referred to as Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing - See more at: http://projectmanagementacademy.net/articles/five-traditional-process-groups/#sthash.H9AExKMp.dpuf

Project management plan updates, corrective action and performance reports are _____ within the Monitor and Control Project Work process. inputs tools and techniques outputs both inputs and outputs

These serve as outputs to the Monitor and Control Project Work process.

Senior Manager

Think of the senior management as anyone more senior than the project manager. Senior manager's role on the project is to help prioritize projects and make sure the project manager has the proper authority and access to resources. Senior management issues strategic plans and goals and makes sure that the company's projects are aligned with them.

"Company work authorization system" is an example of a(n) ______. organizational process asset enterprise environmental factor performance reports expert judgment

This is an example of an enterprise environmental factor as defined in the Monitor and Control Project Work process. (WAS - Company Work Authorization System)

Descriptions of the tools and techniques that will be used to accomplish the goals set by the processes we are using for our project is an example of ______. configuration management scope management tailoring lifecycle planning

This is an example of tailoring, where we customize how we will apply the established project management processes to our project. It is part of the Develop Project Management Plan process.

Program Manager

This person is responsible for programs. A program is multiple coordinated projects, and the program manager manages these at the higher level than the project manager does. The project manager may be responsible for the daily management of a given project while the program manager is responsible for coordinating several projects at once in order to achieve a common goal.

Each time that the project sponsor requests a change to the project, the project manager calls a meeting of the change control board. Which of the following is TRUE: This represents a collaboration style of management. This represents withdrawal by the project manager. This represents Perform Integrated Change Control This represents the lack of a project management information system.

This represents Perform Integrated Change Control

What is the formula for three-point estimating? (O+4M+P)/3 (O+4M+P)/6 (O+M+P)/6 (O+M+P)/3

Three-point estimating uses the formula (O+M+P)/3. Three-point PERT estimating uses the formula (O+4M+P)/6.

______ refers to a specified range of acceptable results. Variable sampling Attribute sampling Examination Tolerances

Tolerances refers to a specified range of acceptable results.

Expert judgment is a(n) _____ of the Develop Project Charter process. input tool or technique output None of the above

Tool or technique

Actual cost is the _______ for the work performed for an activity of work breakdown structure component. estimated cost for total cost incurred and recorded variance, expressed in cost variance, expressed in work

Total Cost incurred and recorded.

Actual cost is the _______ for the work performed for an activity of work breakdown structure component. estimated cost for total cost incurred and recorded variance, expressed in cost variance, expressed in work

Total cost incurred and recorded

______ is/are an essential planning component to evaluate project time performance. Task float variance Backward pass variance Total float variance None of the above

Total float variance is an essential planning component to evaluate project time performance.

___ risk requires shifting some or all of the negative impact of a threat, along with the ownership of the response, to a third party. Avoiding Transferring Mitigating Accepting

Transferring

Which of the following is not a method of group decision making? Unanimity Plurality Transferring Dictatorship

Transferring is method of responding to risk. The others are examples of group decision making techniques.

When conducting performance reviews, graphical analysis techniques are valuable in which of the following? variance analysis earned value performance trend analysis Both earned value performance and trend analysis

Trend Analysis When conducting performance reviews, graphical analysis techniques are valuable in trend analysis.

What is trend analysis used to monitor? technical performance cost and schedule performance Both of these Neither of these

Trend analysis is used to monitor technical performance as well as cost and schedule performance.

Monitoring and Controlling is more about influencing future results more than fixing past mistakes

True

Linear Programming and Non-Linear Programming

Types of constrained optimization methods. This means if you see these on the exam, they are referring to techniques used in Project Selection.

Scope creep refers to _____. adding features that are not necessary to meet the measure of success any changes that are added to the scope of a project the person who keeps asking for changes to the project scope uncontrolled changes .

Uncontrolled changes are often referred to as scope creep

Validate Scope is concerned with ____ . correctness of deliverables acceptance of deliverables correctness and acceptance of deliverables None of the above

Validate Scope is primarily concerned with acceptance of the deliverables, while Control Quality is primarily concerned with correctness of the deliverables and meeting the quality requirements specified in the deliverables.

Validated deliverables have been completed and checked for correctness by the ____. Control Quality process Perform Quality Assurance process Validate Deliverables process Deliverable Acceptance process

Validated deliverables have been completed and checked for correctness by the Perform Quality Control process.

Variance analysis as used in EVM compares actual project performance to _______. planned performance expected performance both of these Neither of these

Variance analysis as used in EVM compares actual project performance to planned or expected performance.

Verified deliverables are an input to ____ for formalized acceptance. Validate Scope Quality Assurance Project Delivery None of the above

Verified deliverables are an input to Validate Scope for formalized acceptance.

The _____ has a detailed description of the work and technical documents for each WBS element.

WBS dictionary

After conducting an evaluation of a team's performance, any recommendations for team improvement should be _______. well documented and forwarded to the appropriate parties kept as a private internal discussion and not shared beyond the immediate group posted in a public place so that the whole team is reminded of what is expected of them None of the above

Well Documented and forwarded to the appropriate parties.

When a schedule network analysis is performed using the schedule to compute different scenarios and their impact to the project, this is called _____. critical chain method schedule compression delphi technique what-if scenario analysis

What-if scenario analysis

When dealing with EAC forecasts, the work performance information covers _____. any information that could impact the project in the future the project's past performance information Neither of these Both of these

When dealing with EAC forecasts, the work performance information covers the project's past performance and any information that could impact the project in the future.

When decomposing a project _____. all deliverables must be at the same level in the decomposition deliverables can be at different levels in the decomposition deliverables should be assigned to specific resources as early in planning as possible deliverables must be defined to the level specified in the project management plan

When decomposing a project deliverables can be at different levels in the decomposition.

When project team members are selected in advance, they are considered ______. allocated unassigned pre-assigned None of the above

When project team members are selected in advance, they are considered pre-assigned

The personnel performing the project work must stop working to provide a detailed, bottom-up ETC of the remaining work in what forecasting approach? the project manager's bottom-up EVM method the project manager's bottom-up EV method the project manager's bottom-up EAC method None of the above

When using the project manager's bottom-up EAC method the personnel performing the project work must stop working to provide a detailed, bottom-up ETC of the remaining.

While co-location is considered to be a good strategy, the use of ____ is sometimes unavoidable. virtual teams cubicles off-hour teams None of the above

While co-location is considered to be a good strategy, the use of virtual teams is sometimes unavoidable.

The project management plan is progressively updated ______. as needed by the PM as necessitated by the evolving scope of the project as required by the terms set forth in the contract or SOW as per the terms stated in the Perform Integrated Change Control process

While the other three options can initiate changes to the plan, any changes must always conform to the Perform Integrated Change Control process.

During the Develop Project Management Plan process, the configuration management plan defines _____________. how configuration management will be performed how we will manage changes to our project plan how resources will be rolled on to and off of the project our tailored approach to quality assurance

Within the context of the Develop Project Management Plan process, configuration management refers to how we will perform configuration management on the project.

With regard to the Control Scope process, work performance information is a(n) ________. inputs tools/techniques outputs both outputs and tools/techniques

Work performance data is an input to the Control Scope process, while work performance information is an output.

____ is the term used to refer to information about project progress, such as which deliverables have started, their progress and which deliverables have finished. Work performance information Work breakdown structure Progress tracking system Work identification system

Work performance information describes project progress, such as which deliverables have started, their progress and which deliverables have finished.

Planned vs. actual technical performance is an example of a________. work performance measurement quality metric tolerance None of the above

Work performance measurement

Brainstorming is an example of _______.

a group creativity technique

Nominal group technique is an example of _______. interviewing facilitated workshops a group creativity technique focus groups

a group creativity technique

A project may be authorized by any of the following except ____________.

a product manager

Parametric time estimates can be applied to____. a total project segments of a project a total project or segments of a project, but may not be used in conjunction with other methods a total project or segments of a project, in conjunction with other methods.

a total project or segments of a project, in conjunction with other methods Parametric time estimates can be applied to a total project or segments of a project, in conjunction with other

Decomposition may not be possible for a deliverable or subproject that will be _____. rushed into execution accomplished far in the future micromanaged by the client owner None of the above

accomplished far in the future

The Plan Human Resource Management process uses ____ to determine the human resource needs for the project. marketplace conditions activity resource requirements resource performance reports All of the above

activity resource requirements

In Estimating Activity Resources, the use of various levels of skill, different sizes of machines and different tools are part of ______. expert judgment alternatives analysis enterprise environmental factors bottom up estimating

alternatives analysis Many schedule activities have alternative methods of accomplishment. They include using various levels of resource capability or skills, different size or type of machines, different tools (hand versus automated), and make-or-buy decisions regarding the resource.

Estimate Costs, Determine Budget and Control Costs ______. are discrete processes that do not overlap must be addressed sequentially are processes that may overlap in practice None of the above

are processes that may overlap in practice.

Simulating involves _____.

calculating multiple project durations with different sets of activity assumptions.

How should the project team respond to cultural differences? ignore them select one culture for the team and expect everyone to adhere to it capitalize on the cultural differences None of the above

capitalize on the cultural differences The project management team should capitalize on cultural differences, focus on developing and sustaining the project team throughout the project lifecycle and promote working together independently in a climate of mutual trust.

The unit of measure for resources may be defined in what document? cost management plan communications plan risk management plan None of the above

cost management plan

EV-AC = cost variance schedule variance budget at complete Planned value

cost variance CV=EV-AC

What is PDM used for?

creating AON project schedule network diagrams

Any unusual activity sequences within a project schedule network diagram should be _____. addressed according to the project's change control policies described in the summary narrative that can accompany the diagram to describe the basic approach approved by the change control board approved by the resource manager

described in the summary narrative that can accompany the diagram to describe the basic approach

Examples of functional requirements include ____________. describing business process information describing product interaction Both of these Neither of these

describing business process information describing product interaction Both of these Both are examples of functional requirements.

Work performance measurements should be____. documented and communicated to stakeholders documented, but not shared beyond the project team members directly involved with the measurement documented and posted for any interested participants in order to maximize transparency communicated to the project team, but do not need to be documented unless they necessitate rework

documented and communicated to stakeholders

When does the project team decide what items are mandatory? during Charter Development during Scope Definition during Activity Sequencing during WBS Creation

during Activity Sequencing

EVM

earned value management.

Job shadowing is usually done_____. externally by the observer viewing the user performing his/her job externally by the observer viewing the product owner managing his team by the observer shadowing individual team members to improve performance by having users track one another's performance as part of quality improvement

externally by the observer viewing the user performing his / her job.

When using bar charts and dealing with control and management communication, the broader, more comprehensive summary activity is sometimes referred to as ______. critical path critical chain hammock activity milestone charts

hammock activity.

WBS Dictionary

has a detailed description of the work and technical documents for each WBS element.

Which of these does the project charter provide? Identification of stakeholders High-level product description Detailed project requirements Detailed product requirements

high-level product description

Estimate Activity Resources is focused on _____. how much of a given type of resource is needed to get an activity done. the formal definition of how the team will estimate and report back on resources required to complete a project obtaining the product owners first guess as to how much of "X" is needed to deliver the product None of the above

how much of a given type of resource is needed to get an activity done.

The stakeholder register is used to ______. define roles and responsibilities provide contact information ensure that the stakeholders know everyone involved at the stakeholder level identify stakeholders that can provide information on detailed project and product requirements

identify stakeholders that can provide information on detailed project and product requirements This is the most correct of the choices provided.

How is hammock activity displayed? in project schedule network diagrams in bar charts in milestone charts in Gantt charts

in bar charts

Recommended correction actions

include contingency plans and workaround plans.

Project funding often occurs ____.

incrementally

In bottom up estimating, the cost of ____ is estimated with the greatest level of specific detail.

individual work packages or activities

Within the Define Scope process, the project charter is a(n) _______________.

input

With regard to the Control Scope process, work performance data is a(n)_______________. input tool/technique output input as well as an output

input - Work performance data is an input to the Control Scope process, while work performance information is an output.

Standardized guidelines and work instructions are _____ in the Direct and Manage Project Work process. inputs tools and techniques deliverables outputs

inputs Standardized guidelines and work instructions are organizational process assets, which are inputs to the Direct and Manage Project Work process.

Productivity metrics, project calendars and resources calendars are _____ in the Estimate Activity Durations process. tools and techniques outputs inputs All of these

inputs These are all examples of different types of inputs in the Estimate Activity Durations process.

Estimate Costs, Determine Budget and Control Costs ______.. interact with each other only interact with each other and with processes in the other knowledge areas function individually and do not interact with anyone interact with other processes outside their group, but not with each other

interact with each other and with processes in the other knowledge areas

Identify Risks is a(n) _____ process. one time one time iterative closed

iterative Identify Risks is an iterative process

JAD stands for ______.

joint application development

In _______ the project management team monitors progress toward project deliverables, accomplishments that are a source of pride for team members and interpersonal issues.

observation and conversation

Risk statement templates and lessons learned are considered to be _____ in the Identify Risks process? enterprise environmental factors organizational process assets Both of these Neither of these

organizational process assets

The _________ contains the initial project approval requirements. project management plan project scope statement project charter requirements document

project charter

Influencing the factors that create changes to the authorized cost baseline and managing the actual changes when and as they occur are part of ____.

project cost control

Key management reviews geared towards addressing open issues and pending decisions is defined in the ______. risk management plan lifecycle definition quality assurance document project management plan

project management plan

Who is primarily responsible for developing an effective project team? the entire project team the resource manager the project manager the project sponsor

project manager.

Schedule Data Includes

schedule milestones schedule activities activity attributes documentation of all identified assumptions constraints

EV-PV = cost variance Planned value PWB Schedule Variance

schedule variance SV=EV-PV

In some cases project schedule delays can be so severe that a new ____ must be developed. timeline target schedule with forecasted start and finish dates SOW scope statement

target schedule with forecasted start and end dates must be developed.

The personnel performing the project work must stop working to provide a detailed, bottom-up ETC of the remaining work in what forecasting approach? the project manager's bottom-up EVM method the project manager's bottom-up EV method the project manager's bottom-up EAC method None of the above

the project manager's bottom-up EAC method

In a PERT cost estimate, what do the three points clarify? the level of support being offered by senior management the depth to which the team has evaluated the work the range of uncertainty of the cost estimates All of the above

the range of uncertainty of the cost estimates In a PERT cost estimate, the three points clarify the range of uncertainty of the cost estimates.

If there are repetitive elements in a project deliverable, ___________. the repetition does not change the fact that the deliverable is unique the deliverable is no longer unique, and the effort is a process the act of repetition means the effort is an operation, not a process an iterative approach will have the greatest likelihood of success

the repetition does not change the fact that the deliverable is unique

What determines the style and detail of the quality management plan? the requirements of the project the stakeholders the project management team the quality management approach of the client organization

the requirements of the project

With regard to the Control Scope process, variance is a(n) _____. input tool/technique output output as well as a tool/technique

tool/technique in the Control Scope Process

What is needed before free float can be determined?

total float for a network path

When are team building strategies particularly valuable? when team members operate remotely without the benefit of face-to-face contact when some of the team members are under performing when the team members are co-located All of the above

when team members operate remotely without the benefit of face-to-face contact

In the Perform Quality Performance process, project deliverable status, cost incurred and technical performance measures are all examples of _____. quality metrics quality control measurements work performance information process improvement plans

work performance information.