PSci 101 Exam 2

Retrospective

" ________ voting " refers to voters choosing whether or not to vote for a candidate based on overall incumbent performance , especially in regard to the economy .

Civil Society / interest groups

Churches , clubs , businesses , and soccer leagues are all elements of ______.

Public Opinion

Citizens ' reactions to current , specific issues and events is called

Location , more educated and richer people

In the USA today , which of the following characteristics would make a person less likely to vote ?

Income , education , gender

In the United States today , which of the following factors would make a person more likely to vote ?

rich , wealthy , buisnesess

Interest groups in the United States tend to over - represent ______

government officials , Administration

Interest groups typically approach ________ looking for a favorable interpretation of existing rules and regulations

Not everyone is being represented

Which is a major shortcoming of a government that is heavily influenced by interest groups ?

mail , face to face interviews , phone call

Which method of polling / surveying is best but very expensive and time - intensive ?

Two parties

Which of the following is a product of a single - member district electoral system ?

Easier , less expensive , reaching more people

Which of the following is a reason that the telephone survey is the most common polling method in the United States ?

Not " Multiple parties , high voter turnout , unstable Coalitions . "

Which of the following is not a result of proportional representation electoral systems ?

Automatic voter registration

Which of the following would you expect to see in a country with routinely high voter turnout ?

Changing electoral System

Which of these changes is likely to have the greatest impact on the number of parties in a country's political system ?

choices / competition

Which of these is a characteristic of single - party systems ?

Policy won't always be skewed in one direction

Which of these statements describes the theory of countervailing power regarding interest groups ?

Stay out of politics , wouldn't be hated

Which statement explains why public opinion is an important consideration for both democratic and authoritarian governments ?

Money brings access . Voice wont be heard

Which statement explains why the issue of access challenges the pluralist theory ?

stronger Political parties

Which statement helps to explain why Sweden has a higher voter turnout rate than the United States ?

Pluralism

Which term describes a democratic system where all kinds of people with different opinions and values compete to influence government policy ?

Electral System

_______ details , legally , how elections are run .

Interest Groups

_______ is a non - publicly accountable organization that attempts to promote a shared private interest by influencing public policy outcomes .

Public Opinion

_______ look ( s ) for individuals views about specific leaders , events , and issues .

Increase the Sample size

A surveyor / pollster can decrease a survey's / poll's margin of error by ________

Parochial

According to Almond and Verba , the _______ political culture is the least democratic and has a population that has neither the desire nor ability to participate in politics .

Center Seeking

According to Sartori , parties become more moderate when competing in a _______ manner .

Participant , subject , parochial

Almond and Verba argue that the following are the existing general political cultures :

two

Countries that use single - member districts tend to have ______ systems .

About specific issues

Elections rarely show _______

It increases voter turnout

How does education affect the likelihood that people will vote ?

The parties combine

If a " first - past - the - post " country has three viable political parties , but no one ever reaches 50 percent of the vote , what is the most likely result over time ?

Stability

If you were interested in designing a country with moderate , centrist , and pragmatic politics , what feature would you be most likely to support ?

Coalition of interest groups

In democratic societies , large political parties are typically______

Catchall

In most democratic countries , major parties attempt to be _______ to win a large number of votes

Senior Party leaders

In proportional representation systems that use party lists , what types of individuals can expect to be put at the top of those party lists ?

High levels of education

More women than men have voted in recent U.S. elections , reflecting the fact ________

Sacialism , weal fare parties

On a left - right ideological spectrum , which types of parties are the farthest left ?

Dominant

Party systems are most easily categorized by the number of parties in them . A system with several parties contesting elections but only one of them ever winning is called a _______ system .

Money; education

People with more ______ and higher _______ are more likely to vote and participate in politics .

How they go about trying to influence interst groups

Political parties differ from interest groups because parties

shape

Polls / surveys can track public opinion as well as

Two parties

Single - member district electoral systems tend to produce _______

plurality

Single - member districts produce winners based on______

political Culture

Studies of ________ look for basic , general values on politics and government .

Public opinion; political culture

Studies of ________ look for individuals views about specific leaders , events , and issues while studies of ______ look for basic , general values on politics and government .

violent / non violent protest

Suppose you belong to a single - issue interest group with very little funding . Which of these is your best approach to influencing public policy ?

Random sampling

The most accurate public opinion polls / surveys utilize which of the following methods ?

Center Fleeing

When the number of parties is greater than five or six , Sartori finds that parties compete in a ________ manner .

1st amendment

To prevent interest groups from influencing politics , it would be necessary to curtail their ________

Centralized Party System . Party leaders dictate what happens

Under which of these systems is party discipline likely to be highest ?

reveal public opinion on specific issues

What does public opinion polling provide that election results cannot ?

rich , wealthy , buisnesess

What group or groups do interest groups tend to over - represent ?

Suprise / Confusion

What is American voters ' general response to ballots ?

about 1,000

What range below contains the ideal number of survey respondents for an accurate reflection of public opinion in a large population of millions of people ?