PSY 200 Study Guide 3
John mistakenly believed that everyone around him is watching and judging him. Piaget would most likely put him in which of the following stage? A. Egocentrism B. Imaginary audience C. Personal fable D. Illusion of Invincibility
B. Imaginary audience All eyes are on the individual, they are center stage
Ann wants to go to Susie's party. Her parents tell her she can go ahead to the party, and she's welcome to take their car. Ann's parents MOST likely align with which of the following parenting styles? A. Authoritarian B. Permissive C. Authoritative D. Uninvolved
B. Permissive Permissive: High involvement/low control Example: "Sure, you can go out to the movie. Also, I won't punish you if you're late getting home."
A policeman refuses the money offered to him under the table and arrests the offender because he believes this is his duty as an officer of peace and order. This is an example of? A. Instrumental Orientation B. Social System C. Interpersonal Norms D. Social Contract
B. Social System does something because that is his or her responsibility or job
Amy, a construction worker, is more apt to get rheumatoid arthritis in her knee from the strain placed on her body while at work. A.True B.False
B.False
Martin and Luciana have been in a relationship for several months. They share an high level of physical attraction to one another. Therefore, which of the following components MOST accurately characterizes their relationship? A.Intimacy B.Passion C.Commitment D.Love
B.Passion
Adolescent Mindsets: Personable Fable
Believe that their situation is so tough and nobody will ever understand
What is a psychological effect of early maturation?
Boys are more likely to fall into negative actions
Karen thinks she should go out with Blake, an unattractive, social misfit, because, "If I don't go out with him, people will think I'm mean." Karen is in which level of Kolberg's level of moral reasoning? A. Pre-conventional B. Post cONVENTIONAL C. Conventional D. Unconventional
C. Conventional
A child gives away her lunch to a street peasant because she thinks doing so means being nice. This is an example of? A. Instrumental Orientation B. Social System C. Interpersonal Norms D. Social Contract
C. Interpersonal Norms Good boy/ good girl
Tim argues with his parents about going to the Sunday worship service at the Methodist Christian Church, even though he has attended this service with his family since childhood. Instead, he likes to spend his timing reading about all the different world religions and plans to visit several mosques, temples, and churches around the area to see what their worship services are like. Or, he may question the logic of religion altogether, and he may even wonder whether God exists at all. Tim would fall into which one of these identity statues? A. Foreclosure B. Diffusion C. Moratorium D. Personal Fable
C. Moratorium Youth are in the midst of an identity "crisis" which has prompted them to explore and experiment with different values, beliefs, and goals. However, they have not made any final decisions about which beliefs and values are most important to them
Lindsey's boyfriend dumped her right before the school's homecoming dance. She says, "I can't even talk to my mom about it, she'll never understand". Piaget would most likely put Lindsey in which of the following stages? A. Egocentrism B. Imaginary audience C. Personal fable D. Illusion of Invincibility
C. Personal fable Believe they have unique abilities, or conversely, unique problems, different from anyone else in the world. Some youth feel as though they are better, smarter, or stronger than others.
"I just thoroughly reviewed a research report prepared at the Humane Society. That us one financially strapped organization. I understand, given their limited financial resources why they feel the need to euthanize animals." This statement BEST reflects A. Pre-reflective thought B. Quasi-reflective thought C. Reflective
C. Reflective
I just thoroughly reviewed a research report prepared by the Humane Society. That is one financially strapped organization. I understand, given their limited financial resources, why they feel the need to euthanize animals." This statement BEST reflects A. Pre-reflective thought B.Quasi-reflective thought C.Reflective
C. Reflective
Kaylee knows all about Lilly's crushes, but now they are not friends so she tells everyone her secrets. This is an example of which form of aggression? A. Instrumental B. Hostile C. Relational
C. Relational aggression used to hard the social relationship of other; girls are more prone to act like this because girl's relationships have a high degree of intimacy
Mark walks up to Dave and punches him in the arm. This is BEST categorized as __________ aggression. A.relational B.instrumental C.hostile D.productive
C. hostile
"I like art, so I am going to take sculpture, drawing, and painting courses. I don't know whether I want to be a sculptor, illustrator, or painter." Marcia would MOST likely categorize this adolescent in which of the following categories? A.Achievement B.Foreclosure C.Moratorium D.Diffusion
C.Moratorium
You go to the union and must wait 15 minutes in line at Chick-Fil-A. This is BEST categorized as which of the following forms of stress? A. Conflict B. Change C. Pressure D. Frustration
D. Frustration
Trish text's and drives all the time because she thinks that nothing bad is going to happen because she can multitask. Piaget would most likely put Trish in which stage? A. Egocentrism B. Imaginary audience C. Personal fable D. Illusion of Invincibility
D. Illusion of Invincibility
You go to the union and must wait 15 minutes in line at Chick-Fil-A. This is BEST categorized as which of the following forms of stress? A. conflict B. change C. pressure D. frustration
D. frustration Goal is disrupted
I don't care what career I enter because it's too difficult to decide."Marcia would MOST likely categorize this adolescent in which of the following categories? A.Achievement B.Foreclosure C.Moratorium D.Diffusion
D.Diffusion
After arriving home from school, Christina realizes she wore mismatched socks the entire day. She immediately becomes anxious that everyone noticed her error and will make fun of her the next day. Christina's thought BEST demonstrate which of the following? A.Personal fable B.Illusion of invincibility C.Egocentrism D.Imaginary audience
D.Imaginary audience
ACC
Emotional part of the brain- most likely to be activated pushing the guy onto the tracks
Quality of Friendships: Women
Emotional: close connection; discussion
"I've taken courses in English, chemistry, and physics." This statement is MOST consistent with deep moratorium? True False
False
Six-year-old Phoebe and her older brother are in the back seat of their mother's car. Phoebe's brother pinches Phoebe's arm. As a result, she drops her milkshake on the floor. Piaget would predict that Phoebe would MOST likely not worry about breaking her mom's strict no spills in the car rule. True False
False
Amber and Marcus have been living together for over 2 years. Their relationship has remained strong. In a month, they will get married. The fact that Amber and Marcus cohabited before getting married means their marriage is likely to avoid ending in divorce. True False
False NOT AN EFFECTIVE TRIAL, AS COUPLES THAT COHABITATE ARE MORE LIKELY TO BECOME DIVORCED WHEN COMPARED TO THOSE THAT DO NOT
Thomas' mom is very strict about household rules, whereas Joe's mom is less strict. Piaget would predict that Joe's moral development would lag behind Thomas' moral development. True False
False Stricter the parents are the more child thinks rules are fixed
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love: Intimacy
Feelings of closeness, connectedness, and boundedness in loved relationships. Warmth in a loving relationship
When is comes to stress, what is one feeling when a goal is disrupted?
Frustration
Stress: Frusteration
Goal is disrupted
Parenting Styles: Authoritarian
High Involvement/high control- 'No movie on a weeknight BECAUSE I SAID SO."
Parenting Styles: Authoritative
High involvement/high control- "No movie on a weeknight, but perhaps you can go on the weekend."
Parenting Styles: Permissive
High involvement/low control- "Sure, you can go out to the movie. Also, I won't punish you if you're late getting home."
Secondary Appraisal
How am I going to cope; resources and planning
What is morality?
How we make a choice between what is right and what is wrong; intentions and "roles" matter with morality
Which of the following statements would an adolescent be MOST likely to make when describing themselves? I have blond hair. I am smarter than my classmates. I earn high grades in physics and chemistry, so I am skilled in science. I am conscientious around my parents and extroverted around my friends.
I am conscientious around my parents and extroverted around my friends.
Stress: Conflict- Approach/approach example
I'm hungry and I can't decide if I want a sandwich or burrito
Components Across the Relationship: Passion (How do they play out?)
Increases rapidly, declines and evens out
Industry vs. Inferiorly What is it and what is the age?
Individual wants to succeed in multiple domains. If the child succeeds in multiple domains they will be confident, but if they do not they will be left with feelings of inadequacy 6-12 years old
Quality of Friendships: Men
Instrumental: shared activities
Adolescent Mindsets: Illusion of Invincibility
Involve in risky behavior
Evolutionary Approach to Love: Men (What are they looking for in a significant other?)
Is she attractive and young?
Parenting Styles: Involvement
Low involvement/low control
Stress: Conflict
Motivations competing against one another; valence matters
Parenting Dimensions: Control
Overly controlling; know where the child is and what there are doing at all times; tell child when to do something; also, can be very permissive (let child do what they want when they want)
Jack takes his family to Disney. Throughout the course of the trip, Jack's children get everything they ask for and are rarely punished for bad behavior. Based on this, which of the following parenting style is Jack MOST likely to practice? Authoritarian Authoritative Permissive Uninvolved
Permissive
"I vote for whatever candidate my father tell me to support." This statement BEST demonstrates which of the following? Prereflective thought Quasi-reflective thought Reflective thought
Prereflective thought
Kohlberg's Theory of Morality: Pre-conventional What is it and age?
Punishment/Rewards 10 years old
Type B Personality
Relaxed
Kohlberg's Theory of Morality: Conventional What is it and what is the age?
Social Relationships 14 years old
Memory Types and age patterns: Semantic Factual Knowledge Example
Stays pretty equal in early adulthood and on Example: What's the capital of Arizona? What's the capital of California? * Don't drawn from personal experience
Memory Types and age patterns: Episodic Example
Time/event- As individuals age they demonstrate forgetting personal events (what year did they get married in etc.) Example: What happens on your 21st birthday? Who was there? Where did you go? How bad was your hangover?
You're participating in a study where the research asks you if you would drop a cat from a skyscraper or let her 8 kittens walk off a rooftop. In the scenario your ACC would be more active than PFC? True or False
True
Memory Types and age patterns: Implicit Example
Unconscious and automatic Example: If someone throw a baseball at you don't have to think about where you place your hand, it's just an automatic reaction.
Quality of Friendships: Both men and women
Value similar characteristics
Parenting Dimensions: Warmth
Warm and responsive caregiving; securely attached
Kenzie describes herself as behaving one way around one group of people and another way around a second group of people. Based on this information alone, Kenzie is MOST likely how old? a) 15 years old b) 5 years old c) 7 years old d) 10 years old
a) 15 years old
Jake refuses to talk to his dad about the bully that is targeting Jake because he thinks his father could never possibly understand. Jake's mindset is BEST classified as which of the following? a) personal fable b)imaginary audience c)illusion of invincibility d) egocentrism
a) personal fable
Jake witnesses his best buddy steal a chocolate bunny at the local grocery store. Rather than risk being viewed as a "bad kid" Jake tells a cashier his friend stole a chocolate bunny. Kohlberg would MOST likely claim Jake is in which of the following? a. Preconventional b. Conventional c. Postconventional d. Morality as constraint
a. Preconventional
Adolescent Mindsets: Egocentrism
acknowledgment of other perspectives but only focus on their own
Marcia's Identity Statuses: Achievement
adolescent has got through an identity crisis and has made a commitment to a sense of identity that he or she has chosen
Forms of Aggression: Instrumental
aggression as means to a goal
Forms of Aggression: Relational
aggression used to hard the social relationship of other; girls are more prone to act like this because girl's relationships have a high degree of intimacy
Forms of Aggression: Hostile
aggression used to humiliate/ intimidate
Maria has to call to make appointments with her psychiatrist and dentist. She's not looking forward to either call. This is BEST described as pressure approach/approach conflict avoidance/avoidance conflict frustration
avoidance/avoidance conflict
Robert and Elizabeth have been married for 24 years. They have an active sex life, are forever committed to one another, and feel very close to one another. Sternberg would MOST likely conclude Robert and Elizabeth demonstrate which of the following kinds of love? a) fatuous b) consummate c) companionate d) foolhardy
b) consummate
John is an adolescent male. It is most likely that John's hormonal distribution leans towards a majority of ___, but even John has ___ present. a. estrogen; testosterone b. testosterone; estrogen c. chicken nuggets; vegetables d. androgen; testosterone
b. testosterone; estrogen
Living Arrangements in Older Adulthood: Independent
bast case because they are familiar with the surroundings
Osteoporosis
bones
Intimacy
close connection with friends
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love: Commitment
commitment to maintain that love; initial and enduring love
Type A Personality
competitive, outgoing, ambitious, impatient and/or aggressive
Amanda cannot recall the restaurant that her husband took her to on their first date. Amanda's inability to recall is BEST categorized as a(n) _____ memory error. a)implicit b)procedural c) semantic d)episodic
d) Episodic
Andrea's memory for how to comb her hair is BEST categorized as a(n) ________ memory and will MOST likely _________ with age. a.implicit; decrease b.semantic; stay the same c.episodic; decrease d.implicit; stay the same
d.implicit; stay the same or b.semantic; stay the same ?
Stress: Change
death of a loved one; divorce and marriage; big move
Functional Health
designation of one of the 3 living arrangements based on their domains (Cognitive, physical, or both)
Living Arrangements in Older Adulthood: Assisted Living
different from nursing care/ not a 24/7 care facility. Facility that have small condos that are visited by nurses once a day
Relational Aggression
harm caused by damaging someone's relationships or social status
Stress: Conflict- Avoidance/approach
hate bio and hate history; I have to choose which one to study for because I have an exam in both
Components Across the Relationship: Intimacy (How do they play out?)
increases rapidly and slowly grows (most of the time)
Evolutionary Approach to Love: Women (What are they looking for in a significant other?)
is he a good provider? Women are attracted to men who can provide the most resources for them
PFC
just touch a button or pull switch
Stress: Conform
make sure I fit in with my group (behavioral patterns)
Puberty: Primary sex characteristics
male reproductive system, female reproductive system
Homogamy
marriage and mating with a person of a similar socioeconomic status, ethnicity, race, age, education level, and/or religion- 50% chance of divorce
Puberty: Secondary sex characteristics
not linked to the reproductive organs Example: women have boobs, men have facial hair
Components Across the Relationship: Commitment (How do they play out?)
peaks and remains stable
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love: Passion
physical attraction; sexual consummation
Of the following, which is MOST likely to be harder for Gilbert in older adulthood than younger adulthood? remembering how to swim remembering whether a snake is a reptile remembering the the colleges he applied to remembering the capital of Pennsylvania
remembering the the colleges he applied to EPISODIC MEMORY
Co-Rumination
repeated discussion of problems (consequences, feelings) high Intimacy may lead to the development of depression (more talking about sad story may lead to depression)
Stress: Conflict- approach/avoidance
scholarship but have to earn a 4.0 however I hate bio and have to take bio this semester which is the negative aspect
Johnny walked up to Chris on the bus and punched him just to embarrass him. This is an example of which form of aggression? A. Instrumental B. Hostile C. Relational
B. Hostile aggression used to humiliate/ intimidate
Piaget's Theory of Morality: Stage 1- Morality of Constraint What is it and the age range? Give an example
(1-7 years of age) Outcome dependent; fixed rules - given rule is fixed; a rule is a rule and it applies to everybody - Example: Child is trying to steal a cookie out of a jar and breaks a plate; child is helping her mom wash dishes and breaks 5 plates. Who was more in the wrong because of outcome? positive intentions don't count so the girl who broke 5 plates is more in the wrong
Piaget's Theory of Morality: Stage 2-Autonomous Morality What is it and the age range? Give an example
(11 years of age) social construction; blind obedience gone; intentions - "Punishment should fit the crime" - understand rules can be changed
Formal Operational: age and what it is?
(12+ years): systematic thinking; ability to think in an abstract manner by manipulate ideas in their head, without any dependence on concrete manipulation
Consummate love
+ intimacy, + passion, + commitment
Companionate Love
+ intimacy, - passion, + commitment
Fatuous Love
- intimacy, + passion, + commitment
Reflective Judgement Stages: Quasi-Reflective (4-5)
-Contains elements of uncertainty. They use evidence, but do not fully understand or know the answer -Example: "Living with your significant other before marriage depends on the situation"
Puberty: Pituitary gland
-This gland is what is driving the development -It is in control of hormones Girls- estrogen boys- androgen -Boys and girls have both estrogen and androgen, but boys have more androgen and girls have more estrogen
Crystalized Intelligence and age
-being able to do something because of previous knowledge -Crystalized intelligence and age: goes up
Fluid Intelligence and age
-being able to think and reason abstractly and solve problems -Fluid intelligence and age: goes down
Reflective Judgement: Pre-Reflective (Stages 1-3)
-knowledge is gained through the word of an authority figure or through firsthand observation -Example: "my parents said you should never live with a significant other before getting married"
Reflective Judgement Stages: Reflective (6-7)
-make judgments that are "most reasonable" and about which they are "relatively certain," based on their evaluation of available data. -Example: "Based on all the research I have read on the issue, it seems that living with your significant other before marriage is okay, and in some cases even recommended
Puberty Timing: Girls
11 years old
Friendships: Intimacy What age?
11-15 years old
Identity vs. Identity Confusion: What is it and the age?
12-18 What is unique about me? Who should I become? -Explore their independence and develop a sense of self.
Puberty Timing: Boys
13 years old
Arnett's Emerging Adulthood: Transitional period What is it and what age?
18-29 years' old adolescents become more independent and explore various life possibilities
Intimacy vs. Isolation (early adulthood): What is it and what age?
19- years old "Will I be loved or will I be alone?" "Can I have intimate relationships with others?"
Living Arrangements in Older Adulthood: Nursing home
24/7 care
Friendships: Mutual liking shared activities What age?
4-7 years old
Generativity vs. Stagnation: What is it and the age?
40-65 years old - Adults strive to nurture or create things that will outlast them - Contributing to society to benefit future generation - Generativity refers to "making tour mark" - Stagnation: failure to contribute - Individuals who are successful in this stage will feel successful and the one who fail will feel uninvolved or unproductive in the world - How can I contribute to the world?
Ego Integrity vs. Despair: What is it and the age?
65 years old - death -Whether or not the individual had led a meaningful, satisfying life -Looking back on life
Piaget's Theory of Morality: Transitional Period What is it and the age range? Give an example
7-10 years of age -Peer interactions; rules are malleable; value fairness/ equality -more interactions with peers than previously... learn that rules can be constructed and changed by group
What is concrete operational and what age?
7-12 years old Lack of conservation, kids need to take notes of multiple domains. Child's ability to separate their idea or opinion of something from another person's.
Friendships: Trust What age?
8-10 years old
Janice, a 50-year-old, is asked to sort documents according to an arbitrary rule. Janice would MOST likely accomplish this task better now in middle age, as opposed to when she was a young adult. A.True B.False
?
What age corresponds with instrumental orientation? A. 10 years old B. 14 years old C. 8 years old D. 6 years old
A. 10 years old
What age corresponds with obedience orientation? A. 10 years old B. 14 years old C. 8 years old D. 6 years old
A. 10 years old
Jimmy's mother asks him "If Michelle is taller than Chris and Chis is taller than Ricky, who is tallest?". Jimmy replies, "Michelle". What age is Jimmy? A. 12 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10
A. 12 Jimmy is in the formal operational stage Formal Operational Stage: ability to think in an abstract manner by manipulate ideas in their head, without any dependence on concrete manipulation
Matt is moving from Los Angeles to New York. The kind of stress Matt is experiencing is MOST likely classified as which of the following? A. Change B. Conflict C. Pressure D. Frustration
A. Change
You're in the mood to play a sport but cannot decide whether to play basketball or football. This is BEST categorized as which of the following forms of stress? A. Conflict B. Change C. Pressure D. Frustration
A. Conflict
Jasmine, 17, is applying to the same college that her mother and grandmother both attended, and she has "decided" to major in elementary education. She really hasn't thought about whether or not she wants to go to college, or what other colleges she might like to attend. Nor has she considered any other career options besides elementary school teacher. If asked about her plans she might say, "All the women in my family became elementary teachers for a few years and then stayed home with their own children. My mom and grandma seemed to do just fine, so it seems good enough for me.". She would fall into which one of these identity statues? A. Foreclosure B. Diffusion C. Moratorium D. Personal Fable
A. Foreclosure Adolescents are not actively trying to determine what is important to them. They are not questioning the values and beliefs they have been taught. Instead, these youth obtain their identity simply by accepting the beliefs and values of their family, community, and culture.
"I want to do well in school, have friends, and please my parents". This is an example of? A. Industry vs. Inferiorly B. Concrete Operational C. Conventional D. Pre-conventional
A. Industry vs. Inferiorly 6-12 years old Individual wants to succeed in multiple domains. If the child succeeds in multiple domains they will be confident, but if they do not they will be left with feelings of inadequacy
One preschooler punches another preschooler to take Lego because he/she wants it. This is an example of which form of aggression? A. Instrumental B. Hostile C. Relational
A. Instrumental aggression as means to a goal
A person steals money from another person because he needs that money to buy food for his hungry children. A child says that this action is morally right because of the serious need of the doer. What is this most likely described as? A. Instrumental Orientation B. Social System C. Interpersonal Norms D. Social Contract
A. Instrumental Orientation Judge the morality of an action
Mark believes that Tim, who accidently stepped on 3 of his brother's baseball cards, committed a more immoral action than Joe, who intentionally stepped on 1 of his brother's baseball cards. Piaget would MOST likely state Mark is in which stage? A. Morality of constraint B. Transitional period C. Autonomous morality
A. Morality of constraint
When Rachael is with her parents she tells her dumb jokes and laughs loud, but when she is with her friends she acts "cool". This is an example of... A. Self in Adolescent B. Identity vs. Identity confusion C. Diffusion D. Moratorium
A. Self in Adolescent Acknowledge the fact they may have more than one of themselves
Laura cannot stop thinking about her significant other, Ken. The physiological need she has for Ken never seems to decrease. Laura takes this as a sign that Ken is a perfect match for her and quickly agrees to marry him when he proposes after 1 month of dating. Laura and Ken are MOST likely to end up divorced. A. True B. False
A. True
Camila is working on a science experiment for a class competition on the effectiveness of laundry detergent on different stains. She tries Tide on a ketchup stain and it removes it. She tries Cheer on a mustard stain and it does not remove it. Camila concludes Tide is the best detergent. She is MOST likely in Piaget's formal operational stage. A.True B.False
A. True ?
You're in the mood to play a sport but cannot decide whether to play basketball or football. This is BEST categorized as which of the following forms of stress? A. conflict B. change C. pressure D. frustration
A. conflict Positive conflict: approach/approach: I'm hungry and I can't decide if I want a sandwich or burrito
Maria learns that Anatomy and Physiology Section A has a pop quiz. Thankfully, she's not in that section. What level of appraisal would be MOST associated with Maria dodging the onset of stress in this case. A.primary appraisal B.secondary appraisal
A. primary appraisal
While undergoing puberty, boys and girls have estrogen and androgen in their systems. A.True B.False
A.True
I've taken courses in English, chemistry, and physics, and I've decided I want to be a physicist." This statement is MOST consistent with which identity status? Diffusion Foreclosure Moratorium Achievement
Achievement
Adolescent Mindsets: Imaginary Audience
All eyes are on the individuals, they are center stage
What age corresponds with Interpersonal norms? A. 10 years old B. 14 years old C. 8 years old D. 6 years old
B. 14 years old
What age corresponds with social system? A. 10 years old B. 14 years old C. 8 years old D. 6 years old
B. 14 years old
Alex and Sam are friends because they both like playing hockey and seem to get along together. If you had to guess how old Alex and Sam are based on this information which of the following would you guess? A.Below 4 years old B.4—7 years old C.8 -10 years old D.11-15 years old
B. 4—7 years old
A child is asked the question, "If Kelly is taller than Ali and Ali is taller than Jo, who is tallest?". If the child needs to draw a picture or use objects, the chid is most likely in what stage? A. Formal Operational Stage B. Concrete Operational stage C. Critical Operational Stage
B. Concrete Operational stage The child cannot think in an abstract manner by manipulate ideas in their head, without any dependence on concrete manipulation Opposite of Formal Operational Stage
Tyler stumbled his way through high school and graduated last year (but just barely). Tyler still doesn't know what he wants to do with his life. In fact, he hasn't really given much thought at all to what he'd like to accomplish. He would fall into which one of these identity statues? A. Foreclosure B. Diffusion C. Moratorium D. Personal Fable
B. Diffusion Youth who have neither explored nor committed to any particular identity.
Dr. Ji is an evolutionary psychologist asked to appear on a television show about attraction. On the show, Dr. Ji MOST likely states that women are attracted to men who are younger and attractive. A. True B. False
B. False
Manny's shoulders are broadening and he is starting to grow facial hair. These developments are BEST categorized as primary sex characteristics A. True B. False
B. False
Amber works for Ford's marketing department. She has just learned that her division is slated to experience significant layoffs. Amber immediately updates her resume and begins reaching out to industry contacts. The updates to her CV and networking are BEST classified as the result of which of the following? primary appraisal tertiary appraisal secondary appraisal avoidance/approach conflict
secondary appraisal PLANNING EFFECTIVELY
Self-disclosure
sharing personal details about one's life (women are more apt to use aggression when dealing with a situation) women are more apt to self-disclose
Marcia's Identity Statuses: Diffusion
the adolescent does not have a scene of making choices; he or she has not made a commitment or will attempting to willing to make a commitment
Marcia's Identity Statuses: Moratorium
the adolescent is currently in a crisis, exploring various commitments and is ready to make choices, but has not made a commitment to these choices yet
Marcia's Identity Statuses: Foreclosure
the adolescent seems willing to commit to some relevant roles, values, or goals for the future. The adolescent has not experienced an identity crisis. They tend to conform to the expectations of others regarding their future (allowing a parent to determine a career direction)
Post formal Thought
truth is not black and white: agree or disagree with policies such as abortion
Primary Appraisal
trying to figure out if an event is stressful
