PSY 202- final

______ Is the electrical signal that typically moves from the cell body down the axon to the axon terminal's.

Action potential

Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer of where of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives a chirping sound demonstrates sensory ______.

Adaptation

Kamaiyah stares at a bright light and then looks away. After she looks away, she perceives a spot. What is the spot?

Afterimage

The _______ wave is characteristic of stage 1 sleep.

Alpha

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when

An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep.

Which of the following statements about rotating shift work is false

It will probably lead to substance abuse.

______ is the difference between hemispheres in the areas underlying language function.

Lateralization

The _____ is the deep groove that separates the brain into 2 halves.

Longitudinal fissure

Nancy is aware that she has a nightmare, so she concentrates and changes her dream from bad to good. This is a good example of _______ dreaming.

Lucid

What hormone does the penal gland release

Melatonin

Which of the following is an example of a synthetic opioid?

Methadone

Polygenic means that most trades are controlled by ______.

More than one gene

Psycho tropic medications are drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring ______ balance.

Neurotransmitter

The _______ nervous system is responsible for responses such as people dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.

Parasympathetic

Tarik depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so infrequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify

Psychological dependence

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

REM

Uncomfortable sensations in the leg during periods of an activity are a symptom of _______ leg syndrome.

Restless

Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is false?

Sleep deprivation often results in ADHD

And what stage of sleep to sleep spindles appear

Stage 2

The space between two neurons is called the ________.

synapse

The auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain?

temporal

The ______ of a neuron contain _______ that house neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers of the nervous system.

terminal buttons; synaptic vesicles

Due to his sense of ________, Abraham knows he is cold when he is outside during a blizzard, and he knows he is hot after he comes inside and eats soup by the fire.

thermoception

The somatosensory cortex is was responsible for processing ______.

Temperature, touch, and pain.

Taylor smokes marijuana. At first just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more touches the same affect. This is an example of _______.

Tolerance

The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave ______ to the lowest point on the wave ______.

Trough; crest

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their _______ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

circadian

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness.

congenital

Melatonin release is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________.

darkness and light

______ is a neurotransmitter involved in mood, reward, addiction, and motor behavior.

dopamine

The theory of ________ states that organisms that are better suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, while those that are poorly suited for their environment will die off.

evolution by natural selection

Seeing the light from the sun, feeling the warmth of a room, and hearing the voice of a friend are all examples of _______ stimuli.

external

The effects of neurotransmitters tend to be ________, whereas the effects of hormones tend to be ________.

fast; long lasting

Hertz is a measure of

frequency

When Brady is hot he sweats. When Brady is cold, he gets goose bumps on his skin so he will warm up more quickly. This is an example of how the body tries to achieve ________.

homeostasis

Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance or optimal level within a biological system?

homeostasis

______ is a state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) Are maintained at optimal levels.

homeostasis

While ________ is generally achieved through the interaction of a therapist and the person being treated, an individual can perform ________ alone.

hypnosis and meditation

Mona lives in North Carolina. She takes an overnight flight to California to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________.

jet lag

Which of the following is a symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder RBD

kicking and punching while asleep

Longer wavelengths will have _____ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have _____ frequencies.

lower, higher

In a _______ dream, people Become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dreams content

lucid

Our vestibular sense contributes to our ability to _______.

maintain balance and body posture

The ______ is the difference in charge between the intracellular and the extracellular space of a neuron.

membrane potential

The ______ is located deep within the brain, and it includes structures such as the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area.

midbrain

Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________.

narcolepsy

________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

perception, sensation

The _____ gland is often referred to as the master gland of the endocrine system.

pituitary

Shayla experiences a long delay between the time that she goes to bed and the time that she actually falls asleep. In addition, she wakes up several times during the night and has difficulty getting back to sleep. To diagnose Shyla with insomnia, it is necessary that she experiences these symptoms _______.

At least three nights a week for one month

Sarit is at a bar Full of music, chatter, and laughter. He gets involved in an interesting conversation with a woman named Mona, and he tunes out all the background noise. Sarit friend, Karen taps him on the shoulder and asks what song just played on the jukebox Sarit says he doesn't now, even though he is sitting right next to the jukebox and is familiar with popular music. This illustrates the role that _______ plays in what is sensed versus what is perceived.

Attention

The _____ extends through the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain.

reticular formation

Which of the following is not a part of the fight or flight response?

running away

Congenital deafness refers to deafness ________.

since birth

Sleepwalking is also referred to as _______.

somnambulism

The central nervous system consists of the brain and the _______.

spinal cord

Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity.

stimulant

Who describe the collective unconscious?

Carl Jung

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the _______ and ______.

Central; peripheral nervous system

The _____ rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hrs.

Circadian

Petra walks into a brightly lit psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photo receptors will be most useful during this experiment?

Cones

Which state is marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced and sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest while awake?

Consciousness

Testosterone

Considerable debate occurs regarding the use of anabolic steroid drugs like _________ in professional athletes and bodybuilders.

Which psychological perspective my advance the argument that are sleep patterns evolved as an adaptive response to predatory risk, which are higher during periods of darkness?

Evolutionary

Folds;grooves

Gyri and sulci are the ______ and ______, respectively, which characterize the surface of the human brain.

_______-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while _______-frequency sound waves are perceived as low pitch sounds.

High;low

The endocrine system consist of a series of glands that produce a chemical substances and known as

Hormones

Chromosomes;DNA

Human eggs and sperm each contain 23 ______, which are composed of long strands of ______.

The ________ connects the brain and the spinal cord.

brainstem

Suppose you are watching a movie on a large screen. For a fraction of a second the words "drink cola" flash on the screen. You do not perceive the words "drink cola" because it is beyond your absolute threshold. In this example, the message "drink cola" is an example of _______.

A subliminal message

The brain contains ______ of interconnected neurons and glia

Billions

Alcohol is considered a _______ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity.

Depressant

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor's (SSRIs) are drugs commonly prescribed for _____.

Depression

______ Is a technique often used in studies investigating sleep patterns. Researchers place electrodes at various locations on a persons head in order to record brain waves.

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

Inattentional ________ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to a lack of attention.

blindness

Which of the following is not a risk factor for SIDS

above average birth weight

The _____ is involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories.

amygdala

range of reaction

asserts our genes set the boundaries within which we can operate, and our environment interacts with the genes to determine where in that range we will fall