PSY 463 Chapter 13

Stressor is to ________ as resource is to ________.

losing a job; satisfactory income

Miko has been married to his wife for 1 year. What is Miko likely to identify as the main stressor in his relationship?

Balancing his job and marriage.

Penelope has been dating Umberto throughout college. How did Penelope most likely meet Umberto?

By being introduced to him by a friend

________ can be defined as everything that affects a relationship outside of the couple and their interactions.

Context

Dr. Okiro is studying social networks. One participant, Mandy, has described several individuals in her network: Sue, a casual acquaintance at work; Manuel, her best friend; and Gustavo, her cousin who lives in Venezuela but with whom she chats regularly on her computer. Which statement is correct?

Gustavo and Manuel are part of Mandy's interactive network and her psychological network.

________ is likely a member of Antonio's psychological network, and ________ is likely a member of Antonio's interactive network.

His mother; his hairdresser

How does an experience of acute stress and physical arousal affect memory about the details of the event?

Memory of central details of the experience is enhanced but not memory for peripheral details.

Joe's job is very stressful. When he comes home, he often feels grouchy, and he yells at his dog. Joe's wife, Karen, gets upset wondering what Joe will be like when he comes home at the end of the workday. She worries that she is starting to get a bit depressed by this. His dog is also starting to ignore him. This situation is an example of:

Stress crossover and stress spillover.

Upon walking into class, you realize you forgot that you had an exam. Your heart starts racing and you immediately start to have a pain in your stomach. Which bodily system or axis has been active in response to your stress?

Sympathetic adrenal medullary system

Cutrona and colleagues (2003) studied the effect of neighborhoods on African American couples' marriages. What best describes their findings?

The chronic stress of living in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods had chronic negative effects on marital satisfaction.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about how social networks can challenge relationships? Social networks are positively associated with relationship stability when partners spend a lot of time with friends or relatives. Social networks can negatively affect relationships via factors such as substitutability but do not directly negatively affect relationships. When partners have independent networks, they are able to build space between themselves, which serves as a healthy outlet, thereby strengthening the relationship. When partners have independent networks, close ties with others can do more harm than good to the relationship.

When partners have independent networks, close ties with others can do more harm than good to the relationship.

Chris has had a bad day at work—lots of complaints from customers and her boss gave her a deadline that she knows she will be unable to meet. When she gets home that night, she is in a bad mood and feels distant from her partner, Pat. Pat senses Chris' coolness and begins to wonder if there is trouble in their relationship. Chris' behavior that evening is an example of ________, and Pat's reaction is an example of ________.

stress spillover; stress crossover

Xavier and Juanita both work full-time at low-wage jobs to pay the rent on their apartment. While they are at work, Juanita's mother cares for their 18-month-old son. In this scenario, the low wages represent a ________, and Juanita's mother's care represents a ________.

stressor; resource

Distal is to ________ as proximal is to ________.

the quality of the school system; household income

What is a negative consequence of the fight-or-flight response?

It weakens one's ability to do complex and deliberative tasks.

What role does neighborhood context play in the association between relationship duration and the likelihood of marital dissolution?

Marital dissolution tends to happen earlier in marriage for people who live in low-income neighborhoods than those who live in more affluent neighborhoods.

As described in the text, "tunnel vision" occurs when:

People experience the fight-or-flight response and have a better memory for the salient details of the threat but a poor memory for peripheral details.

Cohan and Cole (2002) studied the effects of Hurricane Hugo on births, divorces, and marriages by examining the rates in the 14 years prior to the hurricane and the 8 years following. What did they find?

They found increases in birth, marriage, and divorce rates; people evaluated their commitments, leading some to increase their levels of involvement and others to end their relationships.