PSY Section 9 Quiz

Selective optimization with compensation

. _____ theory describes how people can produce new resources and allocate them effectively to the tasks they want to master.

"use it or lose it"

The concept of _____ emphasizes that changes in cognitive activity patterns might result in disuse and consequent atrophy of cognitive skills.

menarche

A girl's first menstruation is called

semantic

A person's knowledge about the world is called _____ memory.

Integrity vs. despair

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages of development do individuals experience in late adulthood?

activity theory

As a minister, being conscientious about the welfare of her parishioners, Reverend Douglas creates many roles in her church for retired church members. Reverend Douglas appears to be applying:

True

Explicit memory is also called procedural memory.

selection, optimization, and compensation

Life-span developmentalist Paul Baltes and his colleagues believe that successful aging is related to three main factors:

True

Older adults especially perform well when decision making is not constrained by time pressures.

triarchic

Robert J. Sternberg's _____ theory links wisdom to both practical and academic intelligence.

True

Severe reductions in the production of dopamine have been linked with Parkinson's disease

mitochondrial; mitochondria

The _____ theory states that aging is due to the decay of _____ within the cells.

episodic

The retention of information about the when and where of life's happenings is called _____ memory.

selective attention

The term _____ refers to the ability to focus on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant to the task at hand while ignoring others that are irrelevant.

Reverse neurogenesis theory

Which of the following is NOT a biological theory explaining aging?

Comparison and categorization

Which of the following is NOT a component of cognitive pragmatics?

love

Which of the following is the positive resolution of the psychological conflict of intimacy vs. isolation?

They place a high value on emotional satisfaction

Why, according to the socioemotional selectivity theory, do older adults deliberately increase the time spent with close friends and family members?

both brain weight and brain volume decrease.

With age:

selective

Zack is having a conversation with his friend Ben in a crowded room. Despite the presence of many voices around him, Zack focuses on what Ben is saying. This is an example of _____.

Life expectancy

_____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

Implicit

_____ memory is memory without conscious recollection.

Working memory

_____, which is closely linked to short-term memory, is like a place for doing mental jobs and allows children and adults to manipulate and assemble information when making decisions, solving problems, and comprehending written and spoken language.