PSYC 102 Test 4

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

antidepressants

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

anxiety

________ were the first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders.

asylums

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavior

Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

behavior therapy

Which of the following is NOT a barrier to mental health treatment?

being a member of a racial or ethnic majority

Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________.

being outside the home alone

Which group is play therapy often used to treat?

children

Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy

client-centered

what is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

When an individual has two or more diagnoses, the disorders are ________.

comorbid

Identify the obsession in the following sentence. "Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands."

concern over germs

The sociocultural perspective looks at you, your behaviors, and your symptoms in the context of your ________.

culture and background

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders? inability to control the body's reaction to fear sporadic, intense panic attacks excessive, persistent fear and anxiety above average number of phobias

excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas? Gilbert exhibits an abundance of energy during his debate session. Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly. Gilbert speaks in a monotone voice. Gilbert experiences delusions.

gilder talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly

Breach of confidentiality is a common concern about ____ therapy

group

Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

group therapy

Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder? Men are more often diagnosed than women. It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors. It involves persistent, unfocused anxiety. It is most often diagnosed during adolescence.

it involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors

Antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except ________.

manic episodes

What kind of symptoms involves noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

negative

Identify the compulsion in the following example. Demarco can't stop thinking about his book collection, which includes hundreds of first editions. He wants it to be in a particular order. He spends hours every day organizing his books alphabetically by author, then by color, then by size.

organizing the books

________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.

paranoid

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________.

phobia

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of therapy does this exemplify?

play therapy

Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder.

psychotic

Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?

schizophrenia

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to overcome her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events.

Diathesis-stress

What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?

Ethnic or racial minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans

Which of the following is a good example of a flashback? Eugene was in a boating accident. Now he experiences intense fear of large bodies of water and avoids boats. Eugene was in a motorcycle accident. When he hears a sudden loud noise he relives the accident and feels as if it is happening all over again. Eugene was in a car accident. He is convinced that if he starts, stops, and restarts the engine five times in a row he will avoid having a car accident. Eugene was bitten by a snake. Now when he sees a snake, he is careful to move away slowly and silently

Eugene was in a motorcycle accident. When he hears a sudden loud noise he relives the accident and feels as if it is happening all over again.

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model? Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died. Ozzie's doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis. Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills. Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression.

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

adderall

From an early age, Kwaku got into trouble constantly. He continually violates the rights of others and he often lies, fights, and has problems with the law. Generally, he is impulsive and fails to think ahead. He is frequently deceitful and manipulative in order to get the things he wants, and he never regrets his misdeeds or considers the feelings of those he has harmed. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Kwaku's personality?

antisocial personality disorder

Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.

appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with?

borderline personality disorder

The belief that you ________ is an example of a delusion.

can perform miracles

who developed client-centered therapy?

carl rogers

etiology is another word for?

causes

A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Exposure therapy is a ________ technique

counterconditioning

Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.

differs markedly from the expectations of one's culture

What symptom of schizophrenia is illustrated by the following example?:"So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a jack, Jack the Giant Killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can't hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away."

disorganized thinking

ECT stands for:

electroconvulsive therapy

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.

generalized anxiety disorder

what is the goal of humanistic therapy?

helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

how you think determines how you feel

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

humanistic therapy

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.

intake

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

mania

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan's personality?

narcissistic personality disorder

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

overgeneralization

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder

post traumatic stress

deinstitutionalization refers to the ?

process of closing large asylums

Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse is called ________.

relapse

Due to Dominique' s obsessive-compulsive disorder, she may ________.

wash her hands every 10 minutes throughout the day

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder? Gemma is quick to anger and is incapable of dealing with a situation in which she is not the center of attention Gemma is submissive and physically clings to the people around her. Gemma is very impulsive—as soon as an idea enters her head she acts upon it. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.

biomedical

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Phyllis's husband wants a divorce, but she threatens to hurt herself if he leaves her. Which of the following diagnoses may account for her personality?

borderline personality disorder