PSYC 2000 Chapter 16

nondirective therapy

therapeutic approach in which the therapist does not give advice or provide interpretations but helps the person identify conflicts and understand feelings

humanistic therapy

therapeutic orientation aimed at helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

behavior therapy

therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors

unconditional positive regard

fundamental acceptance of a person regardless of what they say or do. Term associated with humanistic psychology

Transference

process in psychoanalysis in which the patient transfers all of the positive or negative emotions associated with the patient's other relationships to the psychoanalyst

Deinstitutionalization

process of closing large asylums and integrating people back into the community where they can be treated locally

free association

technique in psychoanalysis in which the patient says whatever comes to mind at the moment

psychotherapy

(also, psychodynamic psychotherapy) psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personal problems, or to attain personal growth

Statistics show that ________ of homeless adults living in shelters experience mental illness.

26%

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

antidepressants

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with _________.

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

family therapy

special form of group therapy consisting of one or more families

dream analysis

technique in psychoanalysis in which patients recall their dreams and the psychoanalyst interprets them to reveal unconscious desires or struggles

play therapy

therapeutic process, often used with children, that employs toys to help them resolve psychological problems

Confidentiality

therapist cannot disclose confidential communications to any third party, unless mandated or permitted by law

involuntary treatment

therapy that is mandated by the courts or other systems

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

type of biomedical therapy that involves using an electrical current to induce seizures in a person to help alleviate the effects of severe depression

virtual reality exposure therapy

uses a simulation rather than the actual feared object or situation to help people conquer their fears

Which of the following explains why most psychiatric hospitals emphasize short-term care?

Due to the very high cost of psychiatric hospitalization, insurance coverage often limits the length of time one can be hospitalized.

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel and act

Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

all-or-nothing thinking

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive therapy

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

aversive conditioning

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

A particular benefit of ________ therapy is the possibility of decreasing a client's sense of shame and isolation about the problem they face, while also letting them offer support to others.

group

comorbid disorder

individual who has two or more diagnoses, which often includes a substance abuse diagnosis and another psychiatric diagnosis, such as depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia

Asylum

institution created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

play therapy

Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

psychodynamic

relapse

repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse

________ have over 85% of the 1669 federally designated mental health professional shortage areas.

rural areas

Psychoanalysis

therapeutic orientation developed by Sigmund Freud that employs free association, dream analysis, and transference to uncover repressed feelings

structural family therapy

therapist examines and discusses with the family the boundaries and structure of the family: who makes the rules, who sleeps in the bed with whom, how decisions are made, and what are the boundaries within the family

voluntary treatment

therapy that a person chooses to attend in order to obtain relief from her symptoms

group therapy

treatment modality in which 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meet together with a trained clinician

couples therapy

two people in an intimate relationship, such as husband and wife, who are having difficulties and are trying to resolve them with therapy

exposure therapy

counterconditioning technique in which a therapist seeks to treat a client's fear or anxiety by presenting the feared object or situation with the idea that the person will eventually get used to it

rational emotive therapy (RET)

form of cognitive-behavioral therapy

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In aversion therapy, a therapist seeks to treat clients' fears or anxiety by representing them with the object or situation that causes their problem, with the idea that they will eventually get used to it through extinction of the conditioned response.

The word "aversion" should be changed to the word "exposure."

What principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desensitization?

You can't be nervous and relaxed at the same time.

counterconditioning

classical conditioning therapeutic technique in which a client learns a new response to a stimulus that has previously elicited an undesirable behavior

token economy

controlled setting where individuals are reinforced for desirable behaviors with tokens (e.g., poker chip) that be exchanged for items or privileges

systematic desensitization

form of exposure therapy used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by exposing a person to the feared object or situation through a stimulus hierarchy

cognitive behavioral therapy

form of psychotherapy that aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors

cognitive therapy

form of psychotherapy that focuses on how a person's thoughts lead to feelings of distress, with the aim of helping them change these irrational thoughts

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

confidentiality

Strategic Family Therapy

therapist guides the therapy sessions and develops treatment plans for each family member for specific problems that can addressed in a short amount of time

intake

therapist's first meeting with the client in which the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs

cultural competence

therapist's understanding and attention to issues of race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

humanistic therapy

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis?

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging into one's unconscious.

The symptoms of schizophrenia may be treated with which of the following forms of psychopharmacology?

antipsychotics and atypical antipsychotics

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavioral

Aversive conditioning is a _________.

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

Rogerian (client-centered therapy)

non-directive form of humanistic psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers that emphasizes unconditional positive regard and self-acceptance

individual therapy

treatment modality in which the client and clinician meet one-on-one

biomedical therapy

treatment that involves medication and/or medical procedures to treat psychological disorders