Psyc 2301 Exam 2

The ________ states that. an emotion-provoking stimulus is transmitted simultaneously to the cerebral cortex, providing the conscious mental experience of the emotion, and to the sympathetic nervous system, causing the physiological arousal.

Cannon-Bard Theory

The proposition that emotion and physiological reactions occur simultaneously

Cannon-Bard Theory

____________ developed person-centered therapy, which is based on the _______ school of thought.

Carl Rogers (Humanistic)

Which of the following forms of psychosurgery have proven useful in the case of severe obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Cingulotomy

All but one of the statements are true. Which of the following about HIV/AIDS is incorrect?

HIV/AIDS is primarily a problem for gay men

Which of the following researchers developed the Thematic Apperception test?

Henry Murray

________ racism occurs when members of a particular minority group experience a longstanding lineage of repression and oppression. Research suggests that it can lead to stress in individuals of that minority group.

Historical

Some researchers theorize that group differences in rates of diseases and health outcomes may be the result of _________.

Historical Racism and racial patterning

Which of the following is Not a benefit of group therapy?

It is usually more expensive than individual therapy, but most feel it is well worth the extra cost

Even though the number has declined over the past 40 years, coronary heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the United States, responsible for _________ of all deaths.

25%

Austin is sitting in class when suddenly his heart begins to pound, he begins to sweat and his hands begin to feel clammy. Next fear and nervousness set in as he walks to the front of the class for his oral presentation. What theory of emotion best fits this situation?

James-Lange Theory

The _______ states that emotional feelings result when an individual becomes aware of a physiological response to an emotion-provoking stimulus, (For example, feeling fear because of trembling.)

James-Lange Theory

Jesse was deployed in the military in a field hospital. He seemed to cope well until, during the tenth anniversary of his deployment, he had a minor car accident in which he sustained a head injury. Soon after, he began re-experiencing the horrible sights, sounds and smells from the hospital and having nightmares in which he was back trying to save critically injured patients. Which of the following is correct?

Jesse meets the criteria for PTSD, which can occur years after a traumatic event.

_________ is an estimate of how likely it is for an individual to be diagnosed with a disorder during the course of their life.

Lifetime Prevalence

___________ is/are a naturally occurring salt used to bring an individual out of a manic state.

Lithium

The need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal defines _______.

Motivation

Rodney is described by others as always in a hurry, always trying to one up the next person, impatient, and quick to become irritated. Based on this information, Rodney can be described as having

Type A behavior pattern

Jessica is highly successful, young professional. Although she is definitely ambitious, she does not seem overly competitive, impatient, in a rush or easily angered. Jessica likely exhibits ________.

Type B behavior

a behavior pattern marked by chronic emotional distress, combined with a tendency to suppress negative emotions, describes _______.

Type D behavior pattern

According to Lazarus, _______ may neutralize the effects of many everyday stressors.

Uplifts

a type of family therapy that focuses on intimate relationships

couples therapy

Social support has been shown to reduce _________ and improve ________ in individuals who suffer from chronic illnesses.

depression; self esteem

In terms of general adaptation syndrome, the______ stage occurs if the organism fails in its efforts to resist the stressor.

exhaustion

Terri collapsed at work and had to be rushed to the hospital. While she was in the hospital, she revealed to the medical staff that she had been working more than 80 hours per week for the last moth and never had time to sleep or eat right. Terri's collapse was likely due to the _________ stage of general adaptation syndrome.

exhaustion

The three major concepts that form the basis for work motivation within the expectancy theory are

expectancy, instrumentality, valence

A behavioral treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder that exposes a client to anxiety-arousing thoughts or situations and then prevents the client from performing his or her compulsive acts. Also called exposure and ritual prevention.

exposure and response prevention

The goal of gestalt therapy is to

help clients achieve a more integrated self and become more self accepting and authentic.

Harold is a 52-year-old manager at a major automotive company. He was just informed that the company is downsizing, and he has two weeks to find a new job. Harold had been with the company for the past 24 years and was surprised, angry, and bitter about the news. Eventually, Harold's job loss started to interfere with his functioning. Based on research from your text, which of the following types of therapy would likely benefit Harold the most?

interpersonal therapy

a brief psychotherapy designed to help people with depression better understand and cope with problems relating to their interpersonal relationships defines _____.

interpersonal therapy (IPT)

The _________ is to the feeding center as _________ is to the satiety center.

lateral hypothalamus; ventromedial hypothalamus

According to the __________, a person's state of well-being can be threatened by major life changes.

life events approach

Which of the following of Albrecht's workplace variables suggests that taxing people beyond their intellectual capability leads to frustration?

mental change

The _________ is a social motive named by __________, which suggests that some individuals have the desire to accomplish something difficult and to hold themselves to high standards.

need for achievement; Henry Murray

Which of the following concepts was discussed as the main factor in panic disorder?

negative reinforcement

Which type of therapist bases his/her therapy on the notion that the emotional features of early relationships become the blueprint for future relationships?

object relations therapist

________ percent of Americans believe that there are effective ways of preventing and curing illnesses that are not recognized by the medical profession.

over eighty

According to Maslow's research, which of the following appears to be the "hallmark" of self-actualizers?

peak experiences

________ is a prolonged and severe stress reaction to a catastrophic level

postraumatic stress disorder

Jeana is happy with her pay, has great benefits, nice co-workers and a pleasant work environment. She spends the day just filing folders all day. What work-stress related variable might explain the fact that she feels a significant amount of work stress and does not find herself happy about her job?

task variety

T cells are to ________ as B cells are to________

thymus gland and bone marrow

A critical difference between high-hardiness and low-hardiness individuals was found to be that high-hardiness individuals _________.

use more effective coping strategies

Is best known for his hierarchy of needs theory

Abraham Maslow

Which of the following researchers brought sexuality out into the open and shattered many widely held beliefs by publishing a report in the 1940s and 1950s regarding sexual behavior and attitudes of men and women in the United States.

Alfred Kinsey

______ is a lack of energy, exhaustion, and pessimism that results from chronic stress.

Burnout

dictate how emotions should generally be expressed within a culture and when and where their expressions is appropriate.

Display rules

medications that act on _________ are usually helpful to treat psychotic symptoms.

Dopamine

Which of the following accurately reflects what research suggests about the effectiveness of any therapeutic technique?

Effectiveness is largely a result of the therapies appropriateness to the clients problems and life circumstances.

Which of the following therapies is directive and is known for its use of the empty chair technique?

Gestalt therapy

Tom just finished having sex with his significant other. He noticed that his heart rate was beginning to slow down and his muscles were much more relaxed. Tom was likely in the ________ of the sexual response cycle.

Resolution phase

Which of the following is not included in the list of problems that individuals with PTSD are at greater risk for?

Schizophrenia

Pedro is a psychologist. He has just given his client a checklist of 43 events to go through and has told his client to circle each event that she has experienced during the past year. When she is done, Pedro will add up the assigned point value of her experiences. The score will be give him an understanding of her overall stress level and will help him predict her risk for a major health problem within the next two years. Which of the following tools is Pedro likely using with his client?

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

Which of the following is False as it relates to the social readjustment scale (SRRS)?

The SRRS contains only negative life events

All of the statements except one are correct. Which statement is not correct?

The barrier method of contraception provide complete protection against STDS.

Which of the following statements is False regarding person-centered therapy?

The therapist plays the role of the "expert"

Which of the following is False of Americans with respect to their weight?

Today 100% of American adults are either overweight or obese

_______ refers to the strong emotional reaction a patient has to be the psychoanalyst, which demonstrates how the patient acts toward significant individuals in his/her life.

Transference

Genital warts area sign of _______ and can ______

a serious disease; indicate a high risk of cervical cancer

Mamie notices that when she discusses her issues in therapy, her therapist often says, "Okay, now let me make sure I understand. What it sounds like you are saying is that..." Mamie doesn't mind at all because it makes her feel like the therapist is paying attention, actually cares, and even gives her the opportunity to correct the therapist if what he says is not what she meant. Mamie's therapist is using the technique of

active listening

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the stages of the general adaptation syndrome, from first to last?

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Which of the following theories represent the biological approach to explaining motivation?

arousal theory

The Yerkes-Dodson law links______ with_____

arousal; performance

Travis was stopped by a police officer for speeding on his way to work one way. Although he had never received a ticket in his 35 years of driving, he was written a ticket that would cost him $150 and two points on his license. He decided to fight the ticket in court based on his impeccable driving record up to that point. The judge offered him an alternative: he would pay the ticket and receive the points OR complete 250 hours of community service. Knowing that Travis had little time in his schedule, because he works 50-60 hours per week already, he was faced with a _______ conflict.

avoidance-avoidance

Darla is a physician who asks about physical symptoms when diagnosing illnesses in her patients. Jack is a physician who asks his patients questions about their lifestyle, their environment, their level of stress, and their physical symptoms when diagnosing illnesses in his patients. Based on this information, it is likely that Darla works from the _____ whereas Jack works from the _____

biomedical model; biopsychosocial model.

Using medications or surgeries to treat psychological disorders based on the assumption that psychological disorders are symptoms of underlying physical problems, is the focus of_________.

biomedical therapies

When a individual feels that both health and illness are product of psychological, biological, and social forces, he/she believes in the __________.

biopsychosocial model

The causes of childhood personality disorders are

childhood trauma

_______ involves efforts through thoughts or action to deal with demands that are perceived as taxing or overwhelming.

coping

Sharif has been diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. His therapist purposely asks him to think about the unwanted, intrusive, unpleasant thought. These thoughts typically trigger Sharif to feel the need to engage in a particular behavior. However, his therapist does not allow him to engage in that behavior for periods of time. The goal is to decrease and eventually eliminate the need for the compulsion. This technique is called _____

exposure and response prevention.

________ has the goal of helping family members reach agreement on changes that will help heal the family unit, improve communication problems, and create more understanding and harmony within the group.

family therapy

Which of the following appears to be the best predictor of workplace burnout based on research by Evans and colleagues (2006)?

feeling unappreciated

Which of the following is Not one of the workplace variables described by Albrecht (1979)?

financial power

Although she thought she had plenty of credits already, Becca has just been told that she needs one more class to graduate from college. She knows she will take the class, because getting her degree is her top priority over the last four years. According to Lazarus, the importance Becca places on taking the final class, and her eagerness suggest that Becca had performed a _______.

primary appraisal

Aleaya knew that she would not have time to stop and pick up some food between her three classes. However, because she has diabetes, she has to maintain her blood sugar level by eating at certain times. Thus, she packed some food to bring with her just in case she needed it during her busy school day. In which type of coping did Aleaya engage when she packed her food?

proactive coping

________ uses psychological rather than biological means to treat psychological disorders.

pyschotherapy

_____________Works to change maladaptive behaviors by looking for, challenging, and then changing the irrational beliefs that underlie those maladaptive behaviors.

rational emotional behavior therapy

It is important for physicians to be ___________ patient use of alternative therapies.

respectful of

The _________ proposes that risk and protective factors interact to produce or protect us from illness.

risk/resilience model

The two types of fats you want to avoid in your diet because they are associated with raising levels of LDL cholesterol are _______ and ______.

saturated and trans

an inactive lifestyle

sedentary lifestyle

The _______ implies that each individual is genetically programmed to carry a particular amount of body weight.

set-point theory

Which of the following would be considered a primary drive?

sexual motivation

Marla just gave birth to her first child. As soon as Jenifer was born, the medical staff carefully examined her because they knew marla smoked heavily throughout her pregnancy even when advised not to do so. Which of the following statements is likely true for baby Jenifer?

she has a high risk of a lower birth weight

Which of the following would not be considered stimulus motives?

sleeping

_________ refers to tangible and/or emotional support provided in a time of need by family members, friends, and others.

social support