PSYC 3580- Study Guide Chapters 1-5
3. Which national or indigenous population introduced marijuana into the "New World"?
The Spaniards
3. Deaths of Ecstasy users may be caused by the consumption of large quantities of water.
True
10. The third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer is
alcohol misuse
20. The inability to feel pleasure is known as
anhedonia
1. Which of the following have been found to be more related to anorexia than bulimia?
anxiety and obsessivneess
9. According to the text, generalizations about family role traits—hero, scapegoat, etc.
are helpful in engaging family members in systems work.
16. The __________ political family made their money through selling illicit alcohol directly to people at the highest levels of organized crime?
b. Kennedy
3. The "new" addictions therapist should have a strong background in
b. mental health counseling
12. Among the criteria listed by DSM-IV for pathological gambling are all except
being a young to middle-aged male
14. Which of the following is not a technique for enhancing motivation?
break through denial *
14. Philadelphia physician Benjamin Rush is known for recommending:
c. medical treatment for chronic "inebriates."
3. The stages of change model is a linear process.
False
3. The highest level of alcohol use is found among:
21 year olds
6. Binge drinking is defined for males as ________ drinks on one occasion.
5 or more
1. The percentage of persons who are severely mentally ill that can even drink alcohol or use drugs at a moderate level without consequences is
5%
7. According to the American Lung Association (2006), approximately ______ non- smokers die each year from lung cancer caused by exposure to secondhand smoke.
3,000
2. What percent of those with eating disorders misuse alcohol or other drugs?
50%
7. What percentage of patients treated at mental health centers have problems with alcohol and other drugs?
60 percent
9. What percentage of female jail inmates meet the criteria for substance abuse?
68%
4. Self-change or "natural recovery" occurs with what percent of persons who quit smoking altogether?
80-90%
12. In AA, newcomers may spend entire days in meeting after meeting; it is routinely suggested that they attend ______ meetings in 90 days.
90
11. Women caring for minor children (prior to incarceration in prison) make up approximately what percent of all women offenders?
90%
16. Smoking is directly responsible for approximately what percentage of lung cancer death according the American Lung Association (2006)?
90%
1. The process of brain maturation is complete at age 18.
False
About 90% of the world's heroin comes from?
Afghanistan
1. Approximately 40% of the entire alcohol advertisement budget is targeted to
African Americans
1. Of the following prescribed drugs, the one least likely to be associated with getting high is
Antabuse
2. Aversion treatment derives from the ______________ school.
Classical conditioning/behaviorism *
18. Which country is considered the world's leading producer of cocaine?
Columbia
11. When a tolerance that develops for one drug generalizes to another drug in the same pharmaceutical class, this is called
Cross-tolerance
6. Technological advances often exceed a people's ability to handle it. What was the turning point for alcohol?
Distillation
22. A drug used experimentally to treat trauma victims is
Ecstasy
1. Alcohol is mentioned 3 times in the 12 Steps.
False
1. Substance abuse treatment in the U.S. is integrated within the healthcare system
False
1. The DSM-IV uses the term addiction instead of dependence.
False
1. The text favors use of the terms chief enabler and codependent for the partner of a substance misuser.
False
2. A key trait of the family "lost child" is perfectionism.
False
2. A person in the "contemplation" stage exhibits little or no ambivalence about making a change
False
2. Alcoholics Anonymous requires people to believe in God.
False
2. School surveys exaggerate the drinking and drug use rates of minorities in that age group
False
2. The Jellinek curve depicts only the Gamma variety of alcoholism
False
2. The consequences of immigration are about the same for the same ethnic group.
False
2. The social worker working in the casino was able to successfully resolve her ethical conflict
False
2. There is no correlation between the availability of gambling and the rate of gambling addiction
False
2. This cultural/historical group encouraged complete abstinence from alcohol consumption:
Followers of Islam
8. Which country of the following has the highest total per capita consumption in liters of pure alcohol?
Germany
19. The G in CAGE stands for
Guilt feelings about drinking
25. A family that exhibits a lack of cohesion and social support, where each member is protected by a wall of defenses, would be considered ________.
Isolated
17. Which national group is singled out in the text for their healthy enjoyment of good wine?
Italians
13. The term "Hispanic" or "Latino" describes a population that includes the following subgroups except
Jamaicans
23. This drug activates the very receptors in the brain involved in the increase of appetite:
Marijuana
5. According to data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2006), in the 18 to 25 age group, which of the following substances had the highest usage?
Marijuana
15. Which drug accounts for more emergency room visits than any other illicit drug, according to a survey released by the National Association of Counties (2006)?
Meth
14. ___________ is used to block withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings and is distributed in clinics/hospitals in the US and Britain.
Methadone
25. Serotonin is an example of a
Neurotransmitter
17. According to the text the most addictive drug of the following is
Nicotine
5. According to Kalant, the only drug that causes addiction in the majority of users is
Nicotine
7. According to the text, the rituals of anorexia are closely related to
OCD
13. Heroin is a synthetic derivative of
Opium
7. The following is a legacy from the Puritans according to the text:
Religiosity by the state
4. Which class of medications has become the first line of treatment to combat depression?
SSRI's
4. Cocaine use as coca leaf chewing originated with:
South American indigenous peoples
6.The phenomenon associated with aging in which the drinker loses his/her ability to handle alcohol is
Tolerance Reversal
1. Adult males are more likely to report current illicit drug use than females.
True
1. Alcohol is the most commonly used substance by persons with severe mental illness
True
1. Eating disorder; trauma disorder; childhood sexual abuse, rape, and domestic violence are highly correlated to eating disorders.
True
1. Harm reduction strategies for alcohol misuse are based on the premise that alcohol use ranges across a continuum, starting with no consequences for use and ending with devastating consequences for use.
True
1. The highest level of alcohol use occurs in the early 20s.
True
3. Studies show multiracial adolescents have high rates of smoking and drinking.
True
12. Which of these is not an opiate?
Valium
12. Motivational interviewing was developed by _____________ as he demonstrated his motivational techniques to Norwegian student interns.
William Miller *
5. The preferred treatment for eating disorders described in the book is
a combination of pharmaceutical and cognitive interventions *
21. The recommendation of the book regarding drug control is
a middle road
22. A major criticism of AA noted in the text is
a. AA's refusal to modernize its concepts b. lack of welcome to drug addicts c. viewing alcoholism and drug addiction as the same disease d. a and b
20. The following assessment instrument has been found to be successful in revealing alcohol problems
a. AUDIT b. TWEAK c. CAGE d. all of the above
7. The idea of family has come to include which familial arrangements?
a. divorced singles with children b. never-married adults with children c. gay or lesbian families d. all of the above
8. Which of the following may reduce the "harms" of compulsive gambling for women?
a. Decreasing the accessibility of gambling venues, for example from shopping centers, malls, grocery stores, and hotels b. Holding women individually accountable for coping with the problems they have caused themselves and others c. Involving compulsive gamblers, financial institutions, gambling operators, and government to work on solutions together. d. Both a and c *
3. Bulimics tend to share which of the following characteristics
a. a likely history of childhood sexual abuse b. a tendency to abuse alcohol c. the tendency to have overweight family members d. all of the above
22. A key theme of African American families of which the counselor should be aware is
a. a network of extended family ties. b. reciprocity in providing aid. c. the personal connection between family and therapist. d. all of the above
13. According to the text, a serious public policy problem is
a. a whole generation of "crack babies." b. the incarceration of mothers who used drugs while pregnant. c. the poor nutrition and health that d. B and C above *
1. Visitors who want to attend a twelve-step group in the community should
a. attend an open meeting
25. The harm reduction model stresses
a. availability of the substance or other agent b. recognition of individual variation in response to the substance or other agent c. understanding of the person-in-the-environment configuration d. all of the above
10. Advice to prevent a hangover is to:
a. avoid darker drinks b. drink lots of liquids such as water c. don't drink much d. all of the above
12. As stated in the text, addiction is an illness of the:
a. body b. mind c. soul d. all of the above
3. The following statement, according to the text, is true
a. brain degeneration may be reversed to some extent with therapy. b. psychological counseling can alter brain chemistry. c. Schick Shadel does not rely on Twelve Step programming. d. all of the above *
13. The American experiment with "prohibition - the noble experiment":
a. caused corruption of police and politicians b. was successful in reducing alcohol consumption c. glamorized crime d. a and c
12.The lesson that we can learn from Shane Butler's insightful analysis of treatment in Ireland is the need for:
a. compatibility between societies belief system and publicly instituted policy b. integration of theory and practice c. a return to Catholic principles d. a and b
11. According to the text, which of the following behaviors cannot become addictive?
a. drug/alcohol use b. eating c. shopping d. none of the above
5. A problem with methadone maintenance clinics in the United States is that
a. federal and state regulations are strict and exacting b. most operate illegally c. they are usually only found in larger cities d. both a and c
12. A strong risk factor for smoking is
a. having friends who smoke. b. dropping out of school. c. having a risk-taking personality. d. all of the above *
7. An innovative program in Canada used the principles of harm reduction to design a shelter-based project that provides which of the following?
a. health care b. daily living assistance c. one standard drink of alcohol hourly on demand during waking hours d. all of the above
10. Which of the following negative health behaviors in women are shown to have a high correlation with the experience of severe violence?
a. high risk sexual behavior b. multiple sex partners c. suicide attempts d. all of the above
11. What were the two most significant developments in Irish treatment history?
a. introduction of the AA model b. adoption of harm reduction strategies c. closing down treatment centers d. a and b
24. Box 2.1 describes a treatment center in Norway that
a. is based on a 12 Step approach.
11. Solution-focused therapy
a. is based on behavioral therapy techniques. b. sees the person as the problem. c. relies on diagnostic labels from the DSM. d. none of the above. *
6. Which of the following is a reason why women are less likely than men to enter treatment?
a. lack of family support b. obligation of child-rearing c. lack of gender specific treatment programs d. all of the above
16. Which of the following is a serious issue in the health care system for pregnant drug-abusing women?
a. lack of money b. legal threats c. fear of health professionals d. all of the above
4. Which of the following is a reason that a person with coexisting disorders might use a substance?
a. loneliness b. boredom c. insomnia d. all of the above *
24. Advice from CSAT for working with Asian American families includes
a. making the first appointment with the head of the family. b. recognizing that there is respect for expertise in this group. c. providing a thorough treatment plan. d. all of the above
14. As an effort of harm reduction, the text favors
a. mandatory minimum sentencing to enhance treatment possibilities. b. the seizing of assets used in crime. c. drug-free zones to protect children. d. none of the above
2. Persons who are dually diagnosed with substance misuse and mental disorders can expect the following (compared to persons with just substance misuse problems)
a. more homelessness b. less often contracting sexually transmitted diseases c. more incarceration d. a and c
10. Which of the following approaches rest on the assumption that clients have abilities, possibilities, strengths and competencies?
a. motivational interviewing b. narrative therapy c. solution-focused therapy d. all of the above *
11. Compared to men, women who have problems with substance misuse
a. often have a history of sexual abuse from childhood. b. suffer from low self-esteem. c. are more apt to have a serious mental disorder. d. all of the above
23. In the 12 Steps, alcohol is mentioned
a. one time.
The following concept or notion was derived from Bill W.:
a. powerlessness b. carrying the message to other persons c. seeking divine guidance d. all of the above
18. Typical warning signs of Internet addiction include which of the following?
a. preoccupation with the Internet b. jeopardized relationships c. lying behavior d. all of the above
5. Early American colonists used alcohol for which of the following?
a. protection against disease b. as a solvent c. as an antiseptic d. all of the above
11. Because continued smoking (like drinking) changes the brain, quitting is likely to bring about
a. psychosis b. depression c. irritability d. b and c *
18. The following is a method used in solution-focused therapy:
a. scaling questions b. the miracle question c. coping questions d. all of the above *
6. The following is a risk factor for an eating disorder among girls:
a. stress and trauma b. susceptibility to media ads and images c. substance misuse d. all of the above
21. Miller and Rollnick recommend with regard to substance use assessment, that
a. that the counselor avoid the role of expert.
8. Alcoholism is described in this book as an illness because:
a. the concept recognizes alcoholism as a medical problem b. it is non-victim blaming c. it is non-judgmental d. all of the above
7. Drinking and drug use rates among Native Americans and Alaska Natives vary by:
a. tribe b. rural c. urban d. all of the above
14. Which of the following is a type of groups found in specialized AA meetings
a. veterans b. elders c. Native Americans d. all of the above
7.To understand the pain connected with addictive and compulsive behavior, one must:
a.focus on harm of substance misuse b.understand the pleasure side of the activity c.emphasize character weakness d.all of the above
3. The most commonly used substance by persons with severe mental illness is
alcohol
4. Abuse of which of these substances is the leading risk factor for death among youths?
alcohol
15. Legal threats to pregnant women who are using drugs during pregnancy have resulted in
fewer women obtaining prenatal care
18. Those who survive head injuries often do not suffer from:
hypersomnia
3. Erik Erikson's stage of development pertaining to adolescence was
identity vs.role diffusion
23. Using a holistic basis for measurement, which of the following is considered a standard measurement for successful treatment outcomes?
improvement that might include moderate drug/alcohol use
23. In working with Latin American families, the therapist should
incorporate recognition of the impact of a toxic social environment as a contributor to substance abuse problems
13. A major focus in motivational interviewing is to help clients:
increase willingness to change *
1. The prefrontal cortex of the brain reaches full maturity soon after age
mid-20's
19. The following is closely associated with narrative therapy:
naming the problem in collaboration with the client *
3. Which of the following are NOT typical symptoms defined by the DSM-IV to diagnose substance dependence
nervous facial tics
1. Which one of these is not a depressant?
nicotine
12. Collaborative case management refers to
offering a menu of supports and services
8. According to the U.S. Department of Justice (2006), around _____ of inmates in the federal prison are serving time for drug related crime.
one-half
4. The average lifetime duration for bulimia and binge eating disorder is
over 8 years *
2. What approach is not considered in the text to be strengths-based?
problem-focused therapy
9. In Colonial America strong drink was thought to:
protect against disease
21. In situations of domestic violence, the counselor is advised by the text authors to
refer the violent partner to a batterers' group.
12. When assets of suspected drug dealers are seized, according to the text,
the whole family may suffer grievous loss
9. According to Rapp et al. (2003) of the strengths-based school,
there is little relationship between a client's initial stage of motivation and later treatment success.*
16. The traditional treatment system commonly involves a continuum of care that includes all of the following except:
treatment on demand *
1. Which of the following is not a tenet of a strengths-based approach?
urinalysis testing
17. Which of the following treatment modalities was not highly rated in empirical research for effectiveness?
use of educational tapes, lectures, and films
10. ________ are the fastest growing population in prison.
women
4. AA was founded in 1950
False
19. The text recommends from a harm reduction perspective to control college binge drinking through
restricting the marketing of alcohol products
20. According to Miller and Rolnick, a formal assessment (such as strengths-based assessment)
should be avoided as part of motivational work
20. According to the text, principles of motivational intervention are derived from the findings primarily from
social psychology
6. A behavior pattern of compulsive substance abuse is the definition of
the concept of addiction
6. A major problem in the addictions professions, according to Laura Kaplan is
the problem of dual relationships
6. Protective factors among young, low-income, Mexican American women include
the responsibility of providing family connection and care of the children
3. According to classical family systems theorists, the drug addict is viewed as______________.
the symptom carrier
5. The teen drug of choice is alcohol.
True
8. About half as many elderly persons drink as young persons.
True
11. Women make up approximately ___% of AA membership (as of 2004).
35
2. Whereas bulimics suffer more from anxiety, anorexics are inclined toward depression.
False
2. Women are much more likely than men to be encouraged, cajoled, or browbeaten by partners into entering treatment for their addiction.
False
3. 12 Step groups and 12-Step facilitation are one and the same.
False
3. The French drinking pattern was called by Jellinek, Epsilon.
False
3. The suicide rate for pathological gamblers is lower than for any other addictive disorder
False
4. An intervention approach, if it is truly effective, will work well universally.
False
4. Bill W. was a surgeon from Akron, Ohio who had a drinking problem.
False
4. The War on Drugs has resulted in the incarceration of 1 million men and women in the United States.
False
4. The text recommends total abstinence as the best criterion by which to measure treatment success.
False
7. CAGE assesses both past and current drinking problems.
True
1. Hispanic males are significantly less likely than Caucasian patients to complete treatment or attend detoxification programs.
True
1. Moderation Management is not intended for people who experience significant withdrawal symptoms when they stop drinking.
True
1. The same primitive reward system in the brain is central to the development of both excessive eating and chemical addiction
True
7. In narrative therapy group settings, the purpose of the groups is to explore and remove problem-dominated personal and stories that describe the individuals as inadequate.
True
7. Male family members of cocaine addicts have been found to be more difficult to engage in family counseling than female partners.
True
7. Restorative justice has its roots in both ancient tribal and modern (Mennonite) practices.
True
7. The Native American Church uses peyote as a sacramental food and curative for substance misuse
True
7. There is evidence to indicate that AA is an extremely useful approach for alcoholics trying to stop drinking.
True
7. To control binge drinking, the text recommends lowering the drinking age from 21 to 18 or lower
True
8. According to research studies, there is no convincing evidence that prenatal cocaine exposure is associated with developmental toxic effects that are different in severity, scope, or kind from the sequelae of multiple other risk factors.
True
8. Bisexual identity is a separate identity in itself.
True
8. During Prohibition, distilled beverages became preferred over beer.
True
8. Heavy drinking is significantly less prevalent among Latina women than among Latino men.
True
8. One problem with traditional family treatment approaches, according to the text, is to view children of alcoholics through a deficit lens.
True
9. Moderation Management derives its membership largely through the Internet.
True
9. Motivational strategies have been found to work well with persons with co-occurring disorders.
True
9. The second leading cause of death for Latinos is AIDS.
True
15. The following is not a goal of motivational interviewing:
a. compliance from the client b. challenging resistance c. confrontation d. all of the above *
1. According to the book, the following is a theme in the history of substance abuse and addiction:
a. cultural traditions breed different reactions to the same drug b. America has had a love/hate relationship with alcohol c. increased drug potency tends to be associated with prohibition d. all of the above
21. The drug court movement promotes what action with individuals whose legal problems are related to their addiction?
a. decarceration - treatment in the community b. incarceration - treatment in the prison system c. requirement to serve out the remainder of prison term, in case of relapse d. none of the above
9. Mandatory minimum sentences apply to everything that has to do with the substances listed below except:
alcohol
19. A "seamless" treatment program means:
c. providing simultaneous treatment for a person with coexisting disorders
15. Breweries popped up in the Midwest related to the arrival of
c. the Germans
19. According to the text, motivational enhancement therapy
is both cognitively based and client centered
2. According to Carol Gilligan, Erikson's conceptualization for young life was:
lacking in concern for female developmental issues.
21. Substance use disorders are NOT especially prevalent in individual's with____________?
low IQ
8. In Colonial times the tavern was criticized because of which factor with which it was associated:
male drunkenness
10. Emergency rooms today are reporting that around one-quarter of the drug-related emergency room admissions are for overdoses of _______ and over-the-counter drugs.
marijuana
10. The behavior most clearly associated with the temperance movement was:
moderation of drinking
A national sample found that ______ persons who suffered from a pathological gambling disorder also had problems with alcohol
most
17. With reference to traumatic brain injury
motivational interviewing techniques have been successful in treatment.
6. The lowest rates of binge drinking are in the Midwest.
False
5. "The myth of the 'model minority'" is a term applied to Native Hawaiians.
False
5. People with learning differences do best in the group treatment modality.
False
5. The practice of AA members introducing themselves by their first names and then saying, "and I'm an alcoholic," is a counter-therapeutic reinforcement of a negative label, according to the text.
False
6. According to the text concerning shopping addiction, the key factor is materialism.
False
6. If the client is unmotivated for change, family counseling is premature
False
6. It is unusual for first-time, nonviolent, low-level drug offenders to be subject to the mandatory minimum sentencing requirements.
False
7. It is illegal for law enforcement to take the money and property of persons "involved" in a drug crime without the owners' being convicted, indicted, or arrested for a particular crime.
False
7. Sex addiction is officially recognized as a mental disorder.
False
7. The treatment center at Valdres, Norway subscribed to a motivational enhancement model of treatment.
False
7. Transgender clients should not be allowed to continue the use of hormones when they are prescribed.
False
8. According to the text, beating on a punching bag decreases aggression and anger.
False
8. Moderation Management is a spiritually based program.
False
9. Among adolescents, the rate of alcohol use is much higher among males.
False
9. In the text, therapists are advised to focus on male authority in Asian American families and female authority in Appalachian families.
False
10. Men are much more likely to be pathological or problem gamblers than are women.
True
10. SMART is an offshoot of Rational Recovery.
True
11. The risk of suicide in young gay males is associated with religious fundamentalism in his background.
True
2. As Kalant states, the only drug that causes addiction in the majority of users is nicotine.
True
2. Most anxiety symptoms in substance misusers are gone within a few days or weeks of abstinence.
True
2. The bulk of money related to the war on drugs is diverted into military and law enforcement operations.
True
3. Acupuncture is especially effective early in treatment
True
3. In Iowa, and increasingly in other states, meth is listed as the drug of choice among female but not for male inmates.
True
3. The family hero, according to Wegscheider, often grows up to enter the helping professions.
True
3. The initial response of the traditional Asian family to alcohol problems may be to ignore it.
True
3. The suicide rate for pathological gamblers is higher than that of any other addictive disorder.
True
3. This text examines diverse theoretical frameworks from a strengths perspective.
True
4. A majority of people with drinking problems self-recover with no formal treatment
True
4. Adolescent girls surpass boys in use of prescription drugs.
True
4. Internet gambling is the fastest-growing segment of the gambling market.
True
4. People with disabilities are less likely to enter or complete substance misuse treatment.
True
4. Rapid detox was presented in the text as of questionable long-term value in getting people off heroin.
True
4. Recent research seems to refute earlier claims that marijuana use is a cause of lung cancer.
True
4. The CRAFT approach to family treatment and Al-Anon's are somewhat contradictory
True
4. Yodanis (2004) documented that the rate of wife and partner violence is higher in nations where women have a lower level of equality.
True
5. Compared to men, women become intoxicated more readily even at the same body weight.
True
5. Harm reduction is the approach known for its pragmatism.
True
5. In recent years, drug convictions are the largest single category of federal convictions.
True
5. It is never too early to begin preparing family members of alcoholics/addicts for the changes they need to make.
True
5. Mental health treatment receives better financial reimbursement than substance abuse treatment.
True
5. Related to compulsive buying is hoarding, or the refusal to throw anything away.
True
5. When given a choice, people tend to choose the goal that is most appropriate for the severity of their problems.
True
6. A transgendered person may be sexually attracted to males, females, or both.
True
6. As indicated in the text, there are similarities in the teachings and sayings of AA and harm reduction.
True
6. Data from school surveys indicate that drug use is higher among Indian youth than among other adolescent groups
True
6. Project MATCH is criticized by researchers for its lack of a control group.
True
6. The anti-treatment backlash was related in part to the writings of critics who did not subscribe to the disease model
True
6. The technique of "externalizing the problem" is most closely associated with narrative therapy.
True
22. The National Institute of Justice (2006), in its review of research findings on drug court effectiveness made the following recommendations for improving the retention rate:
c. counseling sessions that include family members
2. According to the DSM-IV what term or terms replace(s) the word addiction?
dependence
23. The slower metabolism, lower body mass, and decrease in an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase applies to which population and helps drive down their tolerance level?
elderly people