PSYC: 39

epinephrine and norepinephrine

extreme cold, lack of oxygen, and emotion-arousing events all trigger an outpouring of these adrenal stress hormones

health psychology

provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine

Psychoneuroimmunology

A branch of health psychology that focuses on mind-body interactions

A. a tend-and-befriend response.

After the terrorist attacks of 9/11, many people from around the country went to New York City to lend aid. This response to stress is an example of: A. a tend-and-befriend response. B. resistance. C. a catastrophe. D. a significant life change.

D. competitive; easygoing

With respect to personality, Type A is to Type B as _____ is to _____. A. hostile; ambitious B. aggressive; distressed C. distressed; relaxed D. competitive; easygoing

Type A personality

type of personality for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people.

Type B personality

type of personality for easy going, relaxed people.

T lymphocytes (T cells)

cells that attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances

B. epinephrine.

After being told that his parents had just been involved in a serious automobile accident, Juan is likely to experience an outpouring of: A. dopamine. B. epinephrine. C. serotonin. D. lymphocytes.

D. His immune response is dropping.

A month ago, Jason lost his job due to circumstances beyond his control and he is very concerned about his financial situation. Since then, he has learned that his wife will not be able to return to the United States because she cannot get her green card, and that his rent-controlled apartment is being sold so he must find another place to live. Given what happens when people feel unable to control their environment, what is likely happening to Jason? A. He is less vulnerable to disease. B. His stress hormone levels are depressed. C. His blood pressure is decreasing. D. His immune response is dropping.

A. stress appraisal

A woman, alone in a house, ignores the creaking sounds she hears and experiences no stress. Another woman might hear the same sounds, suspect an intruder, and thus become alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of: A. stress appraisal. B. biofeedback. C. spontaneous remission. D. the general adaptation syndrome.

B. alarm

Abdul has just discovered his term paper is due tomorrow when he thought it was due next week. According to Hans Selye, Abdul will likely be experiencing the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome. A. resistance B. alarm C. appraisal D. exhaustion

C. Yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions have weakened immune systems.

Alan reluctantly decided to take a long-awaited trip to New Zealand. The thing that is most disturbing to him is that he must leave his pet monkey behind. There is a "pet hotel" in the city that has agreed to take him. Should Alan worry about him? A. No. Monkeys love new social situations and their immune systems are actually strengthened by them. B. Yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions tend to have increased lymphocyte production. C. Yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions have weakened immune systems. D. Unknown. No studies have been done examining social disruptions and monkey immune systems.

A. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction

Anders has just received devastating news about the coffee shop he owns. Things seem very bleak because a nationally known competitor is moving in on the same block. Anders has many debts to pay off and his wife is expecting their fourth child. When he hears the bad news, his heart rate zooms and he feels faint, as if he is in shock. According to Seyle's general adaptation syndrome, Anders is in Phase: A. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction. B. 2, in a state of resistance. C. 3, in a state of exhaustion. D. 4, unable to recover.

B. bloodflow increases to Brendan's muscles.

Brendan must give an oral presentation in 10 minutes at the start of his class. In response to this "threat": A. Brendan's parasympathetic nervous system becomes active. B. bloodflow increases to Brendan's muscles. C. Brendan's pupils constrict. D. the activity of Brendan's digestive system increases.

A

Donald takes 15-minute lunch breaks, goes to the bathroom only when he can no longer hold it anymore, has to have his cell phone with him at all times, checks his text messages the moment he wakes up, and puts in 14-hour days at the office. Donald is a Type _____ personality.

B. psychoneuroimmunologist.

Dr. Navarre investigates the link between coping strategies and immune system functioning during stressful situations. Dr. Navarre is BEST described as a: A. medical psychologist. B. psychoneuroimmunologist. C. psychopathologist. D. neuropsychologist.

General Adaption System

Hans Selye's three-stage (alarm, resistance, exhaustion) reaction to chronic stress

C. dependent

In one experiment described in the textbook, dental students who received punch wounds during summer vacation healed more quickly than did students who received wounds three days before a major exam. In this study, the speed of healing was a(n) _____ variable. A. independent B. survey C. dependent D. control

A. heart rate and respiration.

In response to various stressors, the sympathetic nervous system increases your A. heart rate and respiration. B. blood floor and digestion process. C. waste elimination and breathing. D. blood pressure and salivation.

D. cortisol.

In times of stress the outer part of the adrenal glands secrete glucocorticoid stress hormones such as: A. epinephrine. B. telomeres. C. lymphocytes. D. cortisol.

C. Jennifer's feelings of frustration are a stress reaction

Jennifer was driving her car to school when it broke down. Which statement is true? A. Going to school is a stress response. B. Jennifer's driving is a stressor. C. Jennifer's feelings of frustration are a stress reaction. D. The car breaking down is a chronic stress.

B. cortisol; epinephrine

John has just finished a brutal tour of combat in Afghanistan where he saw a lot of fighting. Several of his friends were killed, but he was able to fight despite the death around him. The two stress hormones at play were _____ and _____. A. epinephrine; insulin B. cortisol; epinephrine C. epinephrine; serotonin D. telomeres; epinephrine

B. She would heal more slowly than in the summer

Maggie just started her fourth year of medical school and is an avid cyclist. During her summer off medical school, she had a bike accident that produced a large contusion on her knee. If Maggie had the same accident during finals week, what would be expected to happen? A. She would develop cancer in the damaged area. B. She would heal more slowly than in the summer. C. Her immune system would increase dramatically so she would heal more quickly. D. She would heal at the same rate as in the summer.

B. in a state of exhaustion.

Maya owes the credit card company $20,000, her adjustable-rate mortgage has just gone up, and she has been out of work for 3 months. Her husband of 15 years came home today to tell her he is having an affair and wants a divorce. With that news, she collapsed and had to be taken to the emergency room. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Maya is in Phase: A. 4, unable to recover. B. 3, in a state of exhaustion. C. 2, in a state of resistance. D. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

Cortisol

One way to predict whether a person will have a future heart attack is to pluck a hair and measure its level of a hormone called _____.

3. B

People who are easygoing, relaxed, and do not let things bother them are classified as Type: 1. A. 2. O. 3. B. 4. D.

C. 2, in a state of resistance.

Roger has a great deal on his plate. He works full time, he also has a part-time job, and has a new consulting company in response to his son's special needs. He seems to be coping with everything quite well for the moment anyway. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Roger is in Phase: A. 3, in a state of exhaustion. B. 4, unable to recover. C. 2, in a state of resistance. D. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

tend-and-befriend

Sean is under an extreme amount of stress. He is battling with his boss about a failed project. In this time of stress, Sean turns to his friends for support and spends as much time with his children as possible. Taylor and colleagues would say that Sean is demonstrating a(n) _____ response to stress.

B. blood flows to her muscles

Sydney is on her way to a meeting with her boss. In response to this anxiety-provoking situation, her: A. sensitivity to pain increases. B. blood flows to her muscles. C. heart rate slows. D. pupils constrict.

A. stronger; more

The textbook notes that women are immunologically _____ than men and _____ susceptible to self-attacking diseases. A. stronger; more B. weaker; more C. stronger; less D. weaker; less

C. fight or flight.

Walter Cannon postulated that the stress response prepared the body for: A. emotion-focused coping. B. relative deprivation. C. fight or flight. D. the production of lymphocytes.

C. Andre, a competitive, easily-angered journalist

Which of these people is the BEST example of a Type A personality? A. Bonnie, a relaxed, fun-loving professor B. Susan, a brilliant, self-confident accountant C. Andre, a competitive, easily-angered journalist D. Clay, a reflective, open-minded artist

tend-and-befriend

a response to stress in which people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend).

macrophage cells ("big eater")

cells that identify, pursue, and ingest harmful invaders and worn-out cells

natural killer cells (NK cells)

cells that pursue and destroy diseased cells in the body.

B lymphocytes (B cells)

cells that release antibodies that fight bacterial infections

epinephrine and cortisol

the two types of stress hormones triggered in a fight-or-flight situation