PSYCH 1 TEST 1

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For a typical neuron, what is the threshold potential?

-55 mV

An action potential takes about _____ to complete.

1 ms

"Analyze" is one of the four main goals of psychology.

False

A personality questionnaire is most likely used in naturalistic observation research.

False

A psychologist evaluating the success of a substance abuse program is conducting basic research.

False

A value close to 0.00 of a correlation coefficient indicates a strong correlation between variables.

False

Alcohol is the most commonly used psychoactive drug in the United States.

False

Dreaming usually takes place in Stage N1 sleep.

False

Driving when exhausted is not as dangerous as is driving drunk.

False

Macy has 200 Facebook friends. Based on statistics presented in the text, about 30 of these people are probably struggling with alcohol dependence or some type of drinking problem

False

Margaret Floy Washburn is seen by many as a "founding mother" of the sociocultural perspective in psychology

False

Performing searches on online databases is probably the best way to find scientific journal articles in psychology.

False

Plato is to nurture as Aristotle is to nature.

False

Single-blind studies control for experimenter bias.

False

Study time is the dependent variable in an experiment examining the effect of the length of time that a list is studied on list memory.

False

The biological perspective would suggest that depression can be treated by changing negative thought patterns.

False

The majority of a typical night's sleep is spent in REM sleep.

False

The strength of a correlation is indicated by the sign of the coefficient.

False

As part of a laboratory experiment in his psychology course, Miguel is observing the activity of a recording electrode on the axon of a neuron. As an action potential occurs, what might Miguel observe

The electrical charge of the neuron will go from negative to positive before returning to resting potential.

"I swear I just heard my name": This experience exemplifies the cocktail party effect.

True

Angel dust" and "Special K" are both psychedelic anesthetics.

True

Emphasizing evolutionary factors in explaining obesity reflects the legacy of functionalism.

True

In a study of the link between prolonged confinement and stress, stress is a variable.

True

Many everyday behaviors are supported by automatic processing.

True

Non-REM sleep aids in learning and memory

True

Positive psychology reflects the legacy of the earlier humanistic perspective.

True

Psychologists typically delineate between waking consciousness and altered states of consciousness that may result from drugs, alcohol, or hypnosis.

True

Psychology is the study of mental processes.

True

Research suggests that children viewing television programs like SpongeBob Squarepants may experience a brief dip in cognitive functions

True

Scotty is demonstrating tolerance when he uses progressively larger doses of cocaine in an attempt to duplicate his first high.

True

The behavioral perspective was established by John Watson.

True

The biological clock can readjust by about 1 to 2 hours per day.

True

The term "hypnosis" comes from the Greek word for "sleep."

True

The urge to use social media may be harder to resist than sex, spending money, or using alcohol or drugs.

True

Today's psychologists believe that consciousness may be studied scientifically.

True

We are designed to pay attention to abrupt, unexpected changes in the environment and to stimuli that are unfamiliar or especially strong

True

Low levels of _____ in the brain have been linked to Alzheimer's disease.

acetylcholine

An advertisement for a new drug therapy is eye catching. The advertisement claims that the drug will counteract the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. The drug potentially works by acting as a(n)

acetylcholine agonist.

Ablation, a very early technique, studied the brain by

destroying parts of a living animal brain to determine a loss of function.

In the protocol application she is preparing to submit to the Institutional Review Board (IRB), Dr. Francis describes the need to map neural connections in her experimental subjects. Dr. Francis will only be able to use ____ for her study if the IRB approves the protocol.

diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI)

The intricate pathways of myelinated axons in the brain can be seen using _____, which tracks the diffusion of water molecules in the brain.

diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI)

The axon of a neuron would be described as a

long, tube-like structure extending from a neuron's cell body.

Dr. Thomas is preparing to conduct a research study on individuals with traumatic brain injuries. In order to document the extent of injury, subjects will undergo brain imaging at the start of the study. If Dr. Thomas is interested in documenting structural damage to the brain, which imaging technique should she use for the study?

magnetic resonance image (MRI)

A person suffering from multiple sclerosis may have symptoms such as fatigue, trouble with vision, and cognitive disabilities resulting from damage to

myelin sheaths.

As a researcher studying brain injuries in soldiers wounded in combat, Tiana is one of many team members. Some members of the research team are interested in studying the emotional stress experienced by returning soldiers, and others are interested in the effectiveness of various treatments. Tiana works in the field of _____ because her interests are in studying the brain and nervous system.

neuroscience

The breaks between myelin segments are called

nodes of Ranvier.

Brandon, who suffered head trauma while serving in Iraq, could only tie his shoe with his left hand. From this we know that Brandon's injury was

on the left side of his brain.

The electrical potential created by the difference in charge between the inside and outside of a neuron is called the neuron's _____ potential.

resting

The role of _____ is to protect and insulate the axon and to speed up the neural message.

the myelin sheath

Compared to action potentials in unmyelinated neurons, action potentials in myelinated neurons:

travel much faster.


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