PSYCH-1000 Ch. 11,12,13,15 Practice Exams

_____ helps individuals to resist persuasion. Ch.13

inoculation

Identify a true statement about sociology. Ch.13

It is interested in human social behavior on the group level.

The term _____ refers to experiencing one's psychological gender as being different from one's biological sex. Ch.11

Transgender

Which of the following statements is true of the biopsychosocial model? Ch.15

The biopsychosocial model states that biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors are all equally significant ingredients in producing both normal and abnormal behavior.

In the context of bipolar disorder, a person experiencing a manic episode may? Ch.15

sleep very little. feel energetic. feel euphoric.

Who is most likely to state that one has the ability to control one's lives and to achieve what one desires? Ch.12

A humanistic psychologist

According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is an essential ingredient of healthy human relations? Ch.12

Genuineness

In the context of sexual development of a fetus, the SRY gene is responsible for the development of? Ch.11

Male sexual features

Keith, a 12-year-old, listens to his mother curse every time she is frustrated. Keith starts using the same curse words in school. Which of the following aspects of Bandura's social cognitive theory is best exemplified in this scenario? Ch.12

Observational Learning

For Sigmund Freud, which of the following was the most important motivator in human life? Ch.12

The sexual drive

Which of the following is a criteria that is used to distinguish normal from abnormal behavior? Ch.15

behavior that is deviant

Joseph does exceptionally well in his math exam. Which of the following represents an internal attribution as an explanation for Joseph's good performance? Ch.13

his hard work

Marilyn is suffering from bipolar disorder. Dr. Henderson tells Marilyn that her condition is typically characterized by a chemical imbalance in the brain. It can be inferred that Dr. Henderson's view on the factors affecting Marilyn's psychological disorder supports the _____ model of psychological disorders. Ch.15

medical

The _____ of close relationships asserts that the partners in a relationship keep a mental balance sheet, tallying the pluses and minuses associated with each other. Ch.13

social exchange theory

The tendency of each person in a group to exert less effort in the group because of reduced accountability is known as Ch.13

social loafing

Kylie knows that excessive drinking can adversely affect her health. Every time she engages in binge drinking, she tells herself that all her friends who binge drink seem healthy. In this scenario, Kylie is attempting to reduce Chd.13

Cognitive Dissonance

According to Jung, the deepest, impersonal layer of the unconscious mind that is shared by all humans is called the? Ch.12

Collective Unconsciousness

In the context of evolutionary psychology, _____ occurs among members of the same sex as they vie for the opportunity to mate with members of the opposite sex. Ch.11

Competition

Vincent believes that gender roles are determined by how an organism changes and adapts itself to the environment. He proposes that an organism's role in sexual selection and its reaction to selection pressures determines the gender differences among organisms. In this case, Vincent is proposing the _____ approach to gender. Ch.11

Evolutionary Psychology

Who among the following is most likely to be diagnosed with persistent depressive disorder? Ch.15

Felicia, who has been experiencing a less extreme depressive mood for over two months

Which of the following is an example of a secondary sex characteristic? Ch.11

Growth of facial hair in males.

Which of the following statements is true of ethnocentrism? Ch.13

It encourages people to think in terms of ingroup and outgroup.

Jude is constantly worried. He avoids meeting new people and avoids new situations. He gets anxious if his routine is disturbed and indulges in self-pity. According to the five-factor model of personality, Jude is most likely to rate high on? Ch.12

Neuroticism

Identify a true statement about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Ch.15

PTSD can occur in those who witness a traumatic event and also in those who only hear about it.

Celia is upset with her colleague at a workplace. She feels that her colleague might get a promotion which Celia deserves. Celia begins to spread false rumors about her colleague among team members and other managers with the purpose of tarnishing her image. In this case, Celia is exhibiting? Ch.11

Relational Aggression

According to Abraham Maslow, _____ is the motivation to develop to one's full potential as a human being. Ch.12

Self-actualization

Chuck is a highly ambitious graduate student who does not intend to let anything get in the way of excelling in each of his classes and graduating at the top of his class. When he learns that the professor for one of his course modules is an attractive young woman, he opts for a different module. He believes that attractive women cannot be good educators. Chuck's attitude toward attractive women best illustrates Ch.13

a stereotype

Jones is a successful businessman. Despite his work demands, he makes time for and prioritizes his family. He almost always attends his daughter's school performances and plans regular family vacations. According to Murray's personological approach, Jones's attitude toward his family demonstrates a high need for? Ch.12

Affiliation

Chris is a bass guitarist in a popular band and enjoys performing on stage. He has a lot of friends and loves to socialize when he is not performing. His home is where all the parties take place, and he loves being the center of attention. According to the five-factor model of personality, Chris's specific traits are most reflective of? Ch.12

Extraversion

_____ is an individual's sense of belonging to the male or female sex. Ch.11

Gender identity

Jae, a teenager, declares to his parents that he is gay. He says that he has erotic desires only for men. In this case, Jae's brain structure is most likely to? Ch.11

Have a thicker corpus callosa than other heterosexual men.

Harry has been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following statements is applicable to him? Ch.15

He lacks empathy for others, is egocentric, and is willing to use others for his own personal gain.

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies gender-nonconforming behavior? Ch.11

John, a six-year-old boy, braids the hair on his sister's doll.

In the context of structures of personality described by Freud, who among the following is most likely acting according to the demands of the ID? Ch.12

John, a two-year-old, who snatches a toy from another child

Which of the following is true of the role of cognition and other factors in sexual behavior? Ch.11

Men and women have different sexual scripts.

Which of the following experiments demonstrated the profound effect of obedience? Ch.13

Milgram's experiment

_____ refer to psychological disorders that feature sexual desires or behaviors that may result in another person's psychological distress, injury, or death. Ch.11

Paraphilic Disorders

The _____ is an example of a projective test. Ch.12

Rorschach inkblot test

Aaron, a five-year-old, watches his father shave in the mornings. He realizes that only men grow beards and have to shave. Aaron sometimes examines his own face in the mirror and pretends to shave. Aaron's learning of this gender-related behavior can best be explained by the _____ approach to gender development. Ch.11

Social Cognitive

Karen decides to become a teacher because she believes that teaching is the perfect career for a woman. The job requires no strenuous physical activity and requires a great deal of patience and understanding—attributes that are typically feminine according to Karen. The views that Karen has about the jobs that are suited to women can best be explained by the? Ch.11

Social Role Theory

Transgender individuals usually experience gender dysphoria because? Ch.11

They feel they are living in the wrong body.

Which of the following statements best defines conformity? Ch.13

a change in a person's behavior to coincide more closely with a group standard

According to Freud, the ego acts as a mediator because it? Ch.12

balances the demands of the id, superego, and the real world.

In cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), _____ frequently accompany obsessions and appear to serve the function of reducing the anxiety created by disturbing thoughts. Ch.15

compulsions

In the context of social behavior, _____ is a person's feeling of oneness with the emotional state of another. Ch.13

empathy

Karen has been suffering from a disorder that is characterized by exaggerated and irrational worry that tends to interfere with her daily functioning. She can't sleep properly and often complains of stomach aches. In spite of being constantly nervous and restless, Karen, however, cannot seem to find the specific cause of her worry. These symptoms have lasted for almost six months now. Which of the following disorders is Karen most likely to be diagnosed with? Ch.15

generalized anxiety disorder

In the context of disorders related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), individuals who find it difficult to throw things away and are troubled by the feeling that they might need those things at a later time are most likely to be diagnosed with/ Ch.15

hoarding disorder

According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, the latency period occurs? Ch.12

immediately after the phallic stage.

In a recent softball game, Cindy misplayed a ground ball, which was scored as an error, causing her team to lose the game. According to the self-serving bias, Cindy is likely to reason that she misplayed because? Ch.13

of a bad bounce

Lola often experiences abrupt, brief episodes of overwhelming fear. She does not know what triggers them, but she has these attacks in the grocery store, in busy restaurants, and even while driving. During these attacks, Lola's heart pounds and she has difficulty breathing. She fears that she may go crazy or have a heart attack. In the context of psychological disorders, it can be inferred that Lola may have Ch.15

panic disorder

Dissociative disorders are? Ch.15

psychological disorders that involve a sudden loss of memory or change in identity due to the separation of an individual's conscious awareness from previous memories.

Sally is very intelligent and has a great personality. However, she has always seen herself as unattractive and, as a result, is often depressed. Sally's depression is most likely facilitated by feelings of Ch.13

self-objectification.

Hallucinations are? Ch.15

sensory experiences that occur in the absence of real stimuli

Unlike personality psychologists, social psychologists typically focus on? Ch.13

the situational factors that lead to behavior.

Derek is diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. Derek's counselor, Mary, believes that Derek's poor relationship with his alcoholic stepfather is a factor that contributed to Derek's psychological disorder. Which of the following theoretical approaches to psychological disorders conforms to Mary's beliefs in this scenario? Ch.15

the sociocultural approach

Face validity of a personality assessment technique refers to whether or not? Ch.12

the test items appear to fit the particular trait it is measuring.