PSYCH 2050 FINAL
The legal level of intoxication in all 50 states in the United States is a BAC of ____.
0.08
If a man has had 8 drinks in 2 hours, his estimated BAC would be _____.
0.17
Someone who wanted to avoid testing positive for anabolic steroids should stop taking them _____ before the urine test is administered.
15 days
The highest rates of current cigarette use are among _________.
18 to 25 year olds
Approximately ______ of the U.S. population experience some form of mental disorder in any given year.
25%
The half-life of caffeine in the blood ranges from ____________.
3 to 7 hours
A longitudinal study found that the death rate for heroin addicts is at least _____ time higher than the death rate for the general population.
50
According to the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, _____ of the U.S. sample reported heavy alcohol use in the month preceding the interview.
6-7%
Hunt, Barnett, and Branch (1971) showed that __________% of the individuals treated for alcohol, tobacco, or heroin abuse in abstinence-oriented programs had returned to their primary substance use three months after treatment.
70
National surveys suggest that approximately ________ of patients receiving medication report symptomatic relief with psychotherapeutic drugs.
75%
Which of the following people is most likely to have used an illicit drug in the past month?
A Hispanic male
Which of the following people is most likely to use marijuana?
Albert, a Native American man
In which of the following countries would you find the highest per capita rate of marijuana use?
Australia
Persisting LSD flashbacks can be treated by ____________.
Benzodiazepines
Which of the following is not true of school education strategies?
Education significantly changes drug use patterns.
Which of the following drugs is the most potent pain reliever?
Fentanyl
Depressant drugs like barbiturates and benzodiazepines influence which neurotransmitter system?
GABA
Which of the following will exert the strongest inhibitory action in the brain?
GABA
Which of the following has become associated with date rape?
GHB
Which of the following is true of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)?
GHB has been approved for treatment of narcolepsy.
Which of the following is an adverse effects associated with the combination birth control pill? Mean
Increased risk of blood clots
Which of the following is not an advantage of the oral route of drug administration?
It causes fast absorption.
Which of the following drugs produce pupil dilation?
LSD
The _______, published in 1944 and created at the request of the mayor of New York, concluded that marijuana use was not particularly harmful to the user of to society at large.
LaGuardia Commission Report
A heroin overdose can be treated with:
Naloxone
Marijuana is a _____ drug.
Schedule I
Which of the following is not true of AA?
The program is only appropriate for those who accept Western religious beliefs.
Which of the following is not one of the propositions of the distribution of consumption model?
The proportion of heavy alcohol users in a given population is positively correlated to the proportion of drug abuser.
When classified by _______, amphetamines are known as appetite-suppressant drugs.
Therapeutic use
Which of the following is true about the diagnosis of substance use disorder in DSM-5?
There is no longer a distinction made between dependence and abuse of a given substance.
Based on a United Nations survey, how many people worldwide use marijuana?
about 5 percent
Which of the following is a common side effect associated with anabolic steroid use in men?
acne
The effects of caffeine are caused by its blockage of receptors for which neurotransmitter?
adenosine
Which of the following did European explorers bring to the Americas?
alcohol
In the 1800s, cocaine was used to treat ______.
all of these (depressed mood, pain, opiate addiction, depressed mood or pain)
The Harrison Narcotics Act ___________.
all of these are correct (increased number of addicts in the U.S., classified cocaine as a narcotic, and allowed physicians to prescribe narcotics only in the course of their professional practice
Which of the following is thought to contribute to drug expectancies?
all of these are correct (past use of a drug, advertising, friends' use)
"Bath salts" are synthesized from various ______-like chemicals.
amphetamine
One difference between cocaine and the amphetamines is that _____.
amphetamine is synthetic, whereas cocaine is derived from a plant
Which of the following results has not been demonstrated in needle exchange programs?
an increase in IV drug use
Which of the following results have been reported in research conducted on the effectiveness of therapeutic communities?
associated with a more productive life after discharge if stay is long enough
A person who is highly tolerant to _____ creates problems for anesthesiologists in surgery.
barbiturates
Which of the following is most likely to cause a lethal overdoes?
barbiturates
Combinations of heroin and what other drugs would result in synergy?
benzodiazepine
How many cigarettes smoked in succession will cause a smoker to feel satiated based on neural receptor response?
between 2 and 3 cigarettes
Due to differences in ______, proper drug dosage is determined by an individual's weight.
body fluid
According to the __________ hypothesis, tricyclic antidepressants are believed to block the uptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft.
catecholamine
High levels of nicotine are maintained longer when when ingested via which of the following?
chewing tobacco
Which of the following does not slow the process of caffeine metabolism and excretion?
cigarette smoking
Which of the following is the most efficient way to get a dose of nicotine?
cigarette smoking
Which of the following is a regulatory issue potentially limiting research into medical applications of marijuana?
classification of the drug as a Class I substance
Which of the following drugs does not produce analgesia?
cocaine
A toxic compound called cocaethylene forms when a person takes which of the following in combination?
cocaine and alcohol
According to the study conducted by Marks & Kelly, which of the following is most likely to still be at close to peak level 2 hours after consumption?
cola
An early use for Heroin was as a treatment for:
coughs
After the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act was passed, hormones and herbal products:
could be marketed without regulation as long as they did not claim to treat a specific illness
The most frequently reported nicotine withdrawal symptom is ______.
craving
How does caffeine affect the rapidity and accuracy of motor skills?
depends on the dosage
The abstinence syndrome produced upon cocaine withdrawal consists of which of the following symptoms?
depression
According to critics, applying the sociocultural model of prevention in the United States is unrealistic due to which of the following issues?
diversity
According to the predominant theory regarding the action of antipsychotics, psychosis is induced by increased levels of __________ activity.
dopaminergic
The blood-brain barrier serves what type of function?
filter
The Pure Food and Drug Act ________.
forced the producers of medicines to indicate on the packaging the amount of drug contained therein
Most commonly reported symptoms of withdrawal from caffeine is _______.
headaches
What is the main difference between morphine and heroin?
heroin more readily penetrates the blood-brain barrier
Use of inhalants is often called ______________.
huffing
The action of alcohol on neurotransmitters is_____.
inhibitory
Nathan was excited when one of the cool kids offered him his first cigarette. But he couldn't understand how they could just smoke and talk and laugh, because the cigarette made Nathan feel woozy and sick to his stomach. What does this scene describe?
initial sensitivity
How has the rate of prescriptions for stimulants to treat ADHD changed since 1990?
it has increased five-fold
The _____ does most of the metabolizing of caffeine.
liver
In ancient times, various plants are used primarily within religious or _________ contexts.
medicinal
According to the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health,.
men were more likely than women to report illicit drug use in the past month
The long-term effects of stimulant use involve depletion of _______.
monoamines
Which of the following drugs was not used in the Stone Age?
morphine
Which of the following systems does not receive major portions of a drug rapidly due to a high volume of drug flow?
muscles
Calling morphine an opiate is an example of classification by ______.
origin
Which of the following effects are characteristic of opiate drugs?
pain relief
In pharmacology, a(n) ___________ is a chemically inactive substance.
placebo
A drug that is taken sublingually is __________.
placed under the tongue
The "Just Say No" advertising campaign is an example of ______ prevention.
primary
Aspirin is thought to act by inhibiting the production of __________.
prostaglandins
If an individual needs to drink 6 beers in order to achieve the same effect that he/she used to experience with 3 beers, this is an example of ______.
protracted tolerance
What serotonergic hallucinogen has been found to reduce anxiety and depression in advanced cancer patients?
psilocybin
The effects of antipsychotic medications on the __________ generally moderate spontaneous activity and decrease reactivity to stimuli.
reticular activation system
Which of the following has the highest potential alcohol content?
rum
The major medical use for opiate drugs is treatment of __________.
severe pain
After consumption, the concentration of caffeine is?
similar throughout the body
Which of the following best reflects subcutaneous injection and absorption rate?
slow and constant
According to the _________ model, treatment includes arranging a person's environment so that non-abuse of psychoactive substances is reinforced.
social learning
Taxation of alcoholic beverages would be an example of an intervention based on the _____ model.
sociocultural
The concept of ______ learning refers to a person performing better on a test when under the effects of a drug if they studied for the test while on the same drug.
state-dependent
A person who said they could see sounds as colors would be an example of.
synesthesia
Ayahuasca is thought by some native South American tribes to produce:
telepathic effects
Substance abuse treatment is basically equivalent to _______ prevention.
tertiary
What is "paradoxical" about the effectiveness of the treatment of ADHD with drugs such as methylphenidate (Ritalin)?
that stimulant drugs calm the ADHD child
The most common method of drug classification in psychiatry is by.
therapeutic usage
One unusual feature of the withdrawal symptoms from benzodiazepines is that __________.
they may not appear for several days after quitting
Which of the following is true of the serotonergic hallucinogens?
they produce visual hallucinations and are sympathomimetic
Researchers noted that MAOIs produced an antidepressive effect during their earlier use to treat_____
tuberculosis
Which of the following conditions lead to more rapid drug absorption?
when there is more blood flow at the site of absorption
