PSYCH 312 Chapter 5

Tubal Ligation

a permanent method of contraception involving trying, cutting, clipping, or otherwise blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent passage of an ovum. going into abdomen, safe operation, permanent, only done in woman that are over a certain age and have had kids already

Sponge

a soft porous contraceptive device that releases spermicide when inserted into the vagina, barrier between the vagina and cervix, protection for up to 24hrs

Sterilization

any surgical alteration that prevents the emission of sperm or eggs; also referred to as voluntary surgical contraception. permanent, reversal may be possible in some cases, highly effective

Oral Contraceptives

birth control pills, contain all estrogen but cause side effects: vomiting, nausea, facial hair growth. Became available to single ladies in the late 1960's, reversibility is not known, no protection to STIs. one of the most effective methods of preventing pregnancy

Vasectomy

cutting and tying off or sealing each vas deferens so that sperms produced by the testicles can no longer mix with the semen in the ejaculate. painful, easier to get than tubal ligation, far simpler procedure than female sterilization

Plan B

emergency contraceptive that helps prevent pregnancy after an unprotected act of intercourse, "morning after pill," up to 96 hours after having sex to be the most effective, can be taken after 5 days maximum

Chance

ignore the idea, there is an 85% chance

Depo-provera

injected once every 3 months to keep the effectiveness, not very popular, a hormonal contraceptive in the form of snd injection that provides 90 days of protection from conception, it is reversible but can take years until it goes back to normal, menstrual changes

Patch

irritates people's skin. stick on patch that delivers a precise dose of two hormones into a woman's body through the skin, preventing ovulation. one patch worn for one week for three consecutive weeks. ex. bleeding between periods, headaches, temporary depression. exposes to high levels of hormones

Spermicide

kills sperm, cheap and sold over the counter, it has to be applied in vagina and penis, used with diaphragm, male condom and cervical cap. Has to be applied 30 minutes before in the vagina and after as well

Male Condom

latex sheet, needs to have spermicide smeared on it, not protecting against herpes and HIV, barrier of contraceptive, problems: hard to get a good fit, it can't be too old because the heat dissolves it, spillage,

side effects

medical health side effect

Essure

non surgical permanent sterilization, tube through cervix and plug fallopian tube, tiny spring-like device that is inserted into each fallopian tube at the uterine end

Withdrawal

penis is withdrawn from the vagina before ejaculation. a usually unreliable method of contraception, it makes it difficult later to ejaculate in a vagina if it is practiced to much

Effectiveness

preventing pregnancy, chemical and barrier work the best

Cervical Cap

small plastic, failure rate is high, have to be measured by medical personnel has to do with centimeter between cervix and pubicle bone

Diaphragm

smear spermicide inside it. A physical barrier for sperm not to pass, 1900's only married women were able to get it. Failure rate is very high,

Laboratory

success failure based on if you used the product successfully how it is said in the instructions

Implant

under skin of upper arm, is effective for 3-5 years, progestin hormone, gradual measured release of hormones into the body, thickening the cervical mucus, effect is immediate

Reversibility

when you stop using the method you have the same probability of getting pregnant than before when you were not using it

Abstinence

will not have sex known also as selective abstinence, it is very frustrating, people change their mind, takes strong commitment

Female Condom

"reality", bad failure rate, a tube or pouch of thin polyurethane with a flexible ring at each end. one end is sealed and the other open. It is inserted into the vagina to protect against pregnancy and transmission of STIs

Contraceptive Ring

2 inch plastic ring located in the vagina up near the cervix, it lasts three weeks and then a week off, vaginal irritation and inflammation

Intrauterine device

A small plastic device in the shape of a T that is inserted by a doctor into the uterus through the cervix, via the vagina. it then may remain in place for 3-10 years during which pregnancy is effectively prevented. causing a hostile environment, a lot of excess bleeding, copper that repels sperm