PSYCH CH 9

The strange situation procedure is used to measure ____.

Attachment style

A 75-year-old who desires to feel that her life has been complete and without significant regrets is most likely in Erikson's ____ stage.

Integrity

An automobile driver who justifies speeding by saying that it is okay as long you do not have to pay a fine is most likely reasoning at the ____ level of moral development.

Preconventional

In which country is a 20-year-old most likely to experience the transitional phase of emerging adulthood?

United States

Which type of sound would typically be harder to hear as individuals approach middle to late adulthood?

a high-pitched whistle

Postconventional moral reasoning is based on ____.

abstract principles of morality

Piaget's preoperational phase is most associated with ____.

egocentrism

The concepts of imaginary audience and personal fable provide examples of adolescent ____.

egocentrism

A child that is not stimulated with a normal environment is likely to show ____.

fewer neural synapses compared to a stimulated child

The physical activities involved in drawing an accurate representation of a circle would mostly include ____ motor skills.

fine

If you are an adolescent who has the ability to contemplate what an ideal world might be like, you are most likely in Piaget's stage of ____.

formal operations

Newborn infants lack convergence, which means that they ____.

have difficulty focusing both eyes on an object

Studies of single and married individuals indicate that ____.

husbands typically report higher marital satisfaction than wives

An adolescent who is actively trying out different roles, belief systems, career paths, and hobbies is in the midst of Erikson's ____ stage.

identity

Manuel is taking a computer class at school. He really seems to take a great deal of pride in his skills. He works hard at them and believes that he is good at them. Manuel is most likely in Erikson's stage of ____.

industry vs. inferiority

What is a typical characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome?

inherited alcoholism

Angus, who is 86 years old, looks back on his life wishing that he had finished seminary and become a missionary. Angus is most likely in Erikson's ____ stage.

integrity

Warrick is actively dating in hopes that he can find someone who shares his interests and can connect with him. Warrick is in Erikson's stage of ____.

intimacy versus isolation

Research on formal operational thinking suggests that it ____.

is highly influenced by the surrounding culture

When your teacher announces that you are going to be discussing the theories and research of Lawrence Kohlberg, you can expect that you will be talking about ____ development.

moral

Which progression represents the correct order of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, formal operations

Among the 400 U.S. top-grossing released films in the four main rating categories between 1990 and 2006, ____ of the characters were male.

73%

By ____ weeks, the fetus can kick, open its mouth, swallow, and turn its head, and its lungs and external sex organs have developed.

14

Bill believes that children need physical punishment and are usually not competent enough to make their own decisions or be involved in family decisions. Diana Baumrind would characterize his parenting style as ____.

authoritarian

Melissa is overprotective of her two-year-old son, Lance. She is so fearful that he will harm himself that she does everything for him and does not allow him to try and master simple tasks such as putting his toys away. It is likely that Lance may have difficulty resolving Erikson's crisis of ____.

autonomy vs. shame and doubt

Research on the imaginary audience and personal fable suggests that they are characteristic of ____.

both adolescents and adults, to some extent

The male version of "menopause" is termed ____.

both adolescents and adults, to some extent

In the sensorimotor stage, Piaget believed that the child ____.

cannot think about something unless it is being sensed or acted upon in some way

In Erikson's stages of adult development, if one does not achieve integrity in old age, the result is likely to be ____.

despair

Regarding the long-term effects of early and late maturation in puberty, the research studies show that negative effects are generally not significant in the long run except for ____.

early-maturing females

Jordan believes that a parent should emphasize friendship and affection over discipline with children, and that children should have very few demands placed on them. Diana Baumrind would characterize Jordan's parenting style as ____.

permissive-indulgent

Joseph tattles on his sister for taking a piece of candy without asking because he believes she should be punished. Joseph is most likely in Kohlberg's ____ stage of moral reasoning.

preconventional

The gray matter growth spurt that begins just prior to adolescence predominates in the ____.

prefrontal cortex

Around the age of ____, children begin to get reinforced about gender from their peers.

three years