Psych- Chapter 3

_______ is when a neuron's axon reabsorbs any neurotransmitters that is left over in the synapse.

reuptake

Information is transmitted through the nervous system by:

electrical impulses & chemical messengers

parietal lobe

responsible for spatial location, attention, and motor control

Midbrain

reticular formation, striatum

What is true about action potential?

1. During an action potential the electrical charge briefly reverses. 2. the movement of sodium and potassium causes the electrical charge. 3. It is a brief wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps down the axon.

process of transmitting electrical information along the axon from beginning to end of the action potential.

1. at rest, the neuron is polarized. 2. the neuron becomes activated when an incoming pulse opens the ion channels 3. sodium ion channels open allowing a more positive charge on the inside of the cell membrane, known as depolarization. 4. Potassium channels open allowing the positively charged to move out through the semipermeable membrane, returning the neuron to a polarized state. 5. The next group of channels flips open briefly and continues the action potential all the way down the axon.

temporal lobe

A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing, language, and memory.

frontal lobe

A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for personality, intelligence, and control over voluntary muscles.

Which of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to memory, movement of skeletal muscles, and Alzheimers disease?

Acetylcholine

The nervous system's two main divisions

Central nervous system & peripheral nervous system

Valium and other anti anxiety drugs increase the inhibiting effects of which of the following neurotransmitters?

GABA

The ____ is the body's electrochemical communication circuitry.

Nervous System

The effect of endorphins on physical activity would most likely be studied by an expert in the field of?

Neuroscience

occipital lobe

Responsible for the processing of information about visual stimuli

Forebrain

The largest and most complicated region of the brain, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal ganglia.

T or F: Many neurotransmitters exist, and each is involved in specific behaviors.

True.

How do neurons communicate between each other?

Using chemical messengers

What principle states that once the threshold has been crossed, the action potential either fires or it does not? There is no half measure.

all-or-nothing

Every neuron has

axon, cell body, dendrites

The central nervous system is composed of what?

brain and spinal cord

The nucleus, which directs the manufacture of substances that the neuron needs for growth and maintenance, is found in the

cell body

Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus?

cell body

3 main regions of the brain

hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

Hindbrain

medulla, pons, cerebellum

The synaptic gap is the space between two?

neurons

What are two types of cells in the nervous system?

neurons and glial cells

Chemical communication called _______ are released when action potentials reach terminal buttons

neurotransmitters

Neurons communicate by releasing chemicals called ____ into a synapse.

neurotransmitters

Neurons use ___ to communicate with one another across the synaptic gap.

neurotransmitters