Psych Chapter 4

Attention problems when driving while talking on the phone is the result of: a. divided attention. b. high-load tasks. c. low-load tasks. d. extended practice.

Divided attention

Overt attention refers to: a. attention saccade eye movement. b. a failure of divided attention. c. the ease of performing a high-load task. d. support for object-based attention.

Attention saccade eye movement

Combining the features of an object while attending to it is called: a. visual production b. visual reception c. binding d. inattentional blindness

Binding

Dichotic listening occurs when a. the same message is presented to the left and right ears. b. different messages are presented to the left and right ears. c. a message is presented to one ear, and a masking noise is presented to the other ear. d. participants are asked to listen to a message and look at a visual stimulus, both at the same time.

Different messages are presented to the left and right ears

Inattentional blindness happens most often when attending to one automatic low load task? a. True b. False

False

The concept of same object advantage in covert attention proposes that: a. Faster responding when attending to an area within an object where precueing occurred.. b. information is only processed for meaning and not physical characteristics. c. once attention is focused we zone out and lose all details. d. when attention is directed to one place on an object, the rest of the object becomes blur.

Faster responding when attending to an area within an object where precueing occured

According to Triesman's theory the integration of the various features into one object happens in the: a. Preattentive stage b. Focused attentive stage

Focused attentive stage

In Levin and Simons' (1997) change blindness experiment, when participants were explicitly warned that there would be changes in "objects, body position, or clothing" in a video they were to watch, they noticed about _______ of the changes that occurred. a. all b. less than a quarter c. most d. less than a three quarter

Less than a three quarter

The main difference between early and late selection models of attention is that, in late selection models, selection of stimuli for final processing doesn't occur until the information is analyzed for a. modality. b. meaning. c. physical characteristics. d. location.

Meaning

Broadbent's "Filter Model" proposes that the filter identifies the attended message based on a. meaning. b. modality. c. physical characteristics. d. higher order characteristics.

Physical characteristics

In Posner's experiments on covert attention, having an arrow pointing in one direction is an example of: a. practice. b. the type of task. c. the difficulty of the task. d. precuing.

Precuing

In a dichotic listening experiment, ______ refers to the name of the procedure that is used to force participants to pay attention to a specific message among competing messages. a. rehearsing b. shadowing c. echoing d. delayed repeating

Shadowing

Strayer and Johnston's (2001) experiment involving simulated driving and the use of "hands free" vs. "hand-held" cell phones found that a. talking on either kind of phone impairs driving performance. b. holding the cell phone is the main factor that uses cognitive resources. c. divided attention did not affect performance. d. reaction time is not affected with "hands free" cell phone devices.

Talking on either kind of phone impairs driving performance

The cocktail party phenomenon is a. the ability to pay attention to one message and ignore all other messages. b. the inability to pay attention to one message in the presence of competing messages. c. the diminished awareness of information in a crowd. d. the equal division of attention between competing messages

The ability to pay attention to one message and ignore all other messages

Which stage in Treisman's "Attenuation Model" has a threshold component? a. the attenuator b. the dictionary unit c. the filter d. the "leaky" filter

The dictionary unit