Psych Chp 11

In one study of over 650,000 adults, walking 150 minutes per week predicted living _____ more years. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 7

D. 7

Dewey just won a $145 million lottery prize. If he is typical, one year from now, he will be: A. Depressed. B. Broke. C. Ecstatic. D. About as happy as he was before he won the lottery.

D. About as happy as he was before he won the lottery.

In times of stress the adrenal glands secrete stress hormones such as: A. Oxytocin. B. Epinephrine. C. Lymphocytes. D. Macrophages.

B. Epinephrine.

Jim has been taking medication and going to psychotherapy to treat his depressive symptoms. Which of these would enhance his treatment? A. Buying a new car B. Taking up a hobby C. Taking a vacation D. Aerobic exercise

D. Aerobic exercise

During mindfulness mediation, a part of the ________ involved in fear is less active than usual. A. Immune system B. Parietal lobe C. Prefrontal cortex D. Amygdala

D. Amygdala

Immigrants may experience culture shock and deteriorating well-being shortly after migration. This is known as: A. Acculturative stress. B. A catastrophe. C. An alarm reaction. D. A tend and befriend reaction.

A. Acculturative stress.

Immigrants may experience culture shock and deteriorating well-being shortly after migration. This is known as: A. Acculturative stress. B. A tend and befriend reaction. C. An alarm reaction. D. A catastrophe.

A. Acculturative stress.

Having a view of increased personal control is related to: A. An increased view of having free will. B. A suppressed immune system. C. Decreased wealth. D. An increased sense of external locus of control.

A. An increased view of having free will.

_____ is alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods. A. Coping B. Mindfulness meditation C. Optimism D. Self-control

A. Coping

The election of _____ was reported to be a significant stressor for many minorities. A. Donald Trump B. George Bush C. Barack Obama D. Bill Clinton

A. Donald Trump

Dani consciously adopts an attitude of gratitude and a positive outlook when things are not going well in her life. In these instances, Dani is dealing with stress through _____ coping. A. Emotion-focused B. Secondary C. Primary D. Problem-focused

A. Emotion-focused

Following an ugly confrontation with a co-worker, Simon seeks sympathy from his friends. Simon is practicing _____ coping. A. Emotion-focused B. Primary C. Problem-focused D. Secondary

A. Emotion-focused

Liz loses her well-paid executive position in a round of corporate downsizing. She spends the evening becoming intoxicated in a seedy bar across town. Liz is demonstrating _____ coping. A. Emotion-focused B. Problem-focused C. Social-focused D. Problem-minded

A. Emotion-focused

After being told that her parents had just been involved in a serious automobile accident, Denise is likely to experience an outpouring of: A. Epinephrine. B. B lymphocytes. C. Serotonin. D. Oxytocin.

A. Epinephrine.

Research participants who received nasal drops laden with a cold virus were least likely to catch a cold if they: A. Had positive social ties. B. Had low adaptation levels. C. Perceived an external locus of control. D. Were Type A personalities.

A. Had positive social ties.

A month ago, Jason lost his job due to circumstances beyond his control and he is very concerned about his financial situation. Since then, he has learned that his wife will not be able to return to the United States because she cannot get her green card, and that his rent-controlled apartment is being sold so he must find another place to live. Given what happens when people feel unable to control their environment, which of these is happening to Jason? A. His immune response is dropping. B. His stress hormone levels are depressed. C. He is less vulnerable to disease. D. His blood pressure is decreasing.

A. His immune response is dropping.

Susan was diagnosed with early stage breast cancer and was referred by her doctor to a mindfulness meditation group. Her doctor explained that meditation may help her by: A. Improving immune functioning and coping. B. Increasing energy. C. Increasing appetite. D. Increasing social support.

A. Improving immune functioning and coping.

Jennifer was driving her car to school when it broke down. Which statement is true? A. Jennifer's feelings of frustration are a stress reaction. B. Jennifer's driving is a stressor. C. The car breaking down is a chronic stress. D. Going to school is a stress response.

A. Jennifer's feelings of frustration are a stress reaction.

Jenny's mother sets Jenny's clothes out the night before school. Her father allows Jenny to choose the clothes that she wants to wear. Jenny's grandmother noticed that Jenny was more cooperative with her father than with her mother when getting ready for school. Which of these is the MOST likely explanation? A. Jenny experiences more personal control when her father gets her ready for school. B. Jenny experiences more personal control when her mother gets her ready for school. C. Jenny experiences learned helplessness when her father gets her ready for school. D. Jenny experiences learned helplessness when her mother gets her ready for school.

A. Jenny experiences more personal control when her father gets her ready for school.

Jim recently received a large inheritance from a distant relative. Based on research, it can be expected that: A. Jim will initially be happy, but will then adjust and need more to be happy. B. Jim will be happiest if he spends this money on himself. C. Jim will be happiest if he gives it away. D. Jim will initially be happy, and will maintain his level of happiness as long as he has the money.

A. Jim will initially be happy, but will then adjust and need more to be happy.

The white blood cells that fight bacterial infections and attack cancer cells and viruses are called: A. Lymphocytes. B. NK cells. C. Macrophages. D. Carcinogens.

A. Lymphocytes.

Which of the following individuals would be MOST likely to "tend and befriend" in times of stress? A. Margaret, a 67-year-old Caucasian woman B. Jonah, a 5-year-old boy C. Brad, a 34-year-old African American man D. Becky, a 3-year-old girl

A. Margaret, a 67-year-old Caucasian woman

Which of the following is NOT associated with mindfulness? A. Mindfulness fosters social support. B. Mindfulness calms brain activation in emotional situations. C. Mindfulness activates brain regions that are associated with more reflective awareness. D. Mindfulness strengthens connections in our brain.

A. Mindfulness fosters social support.

Sandy participated in a research project in college, and she was identified as being happier than average. During a follow-up study 20 years later, researchers found all of these EXCEPT Sandy was: A. More likely to have met all of her life goals than less happy peers. B. Likely to earn significantly more money than less happy peers. C. More likely to have married than less happy peers. D. Less likely to have divorced than less happy peers.

A. More likely to have met all of her life goals than less happy peers.

The textbook describes an analysis of the emotion words used in billions of social media status updates from 2007 to 2010. Which research method does this analysis exemplify? A. Naturalistic observation B. Experiment C. Case study D. Survey

A. Naturalistic observation

Which statement is true? A. People overestimate the duration of their emotions and underestimate their resilience. B. People overestimate the duration of their emotions and their resilience. C. People underestimate the duration of their emotions and overestimate their resilience. D. People underestimate both the duration of their emotions and their resilience.

A. People overestimate the duration of their emotions and underestimate their resilience.

Optimists are more likely than pessimists to experience: A. Perceived control. B. Coronary heart disease. C. The general adaptation syndrome. D. Biofeedback.

A. Perceived control.

In Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS), the greatest threat to one's immune system is during: A. Phase 3. B. Phase 4. C. Phase 1. D. Phase 2.

A. Phase 3.

You are preparing a lecture on the benefits of exercise and will highlight all of the following EXCEPT exercise: A. Provides decreased body arousal. B. Modestly enhances cognitive abilities. C. Orders up mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin. D. Promotes the growth of new brain cells.

A. Provides decreased body arousal.

Joe has been in treatment for lung cancer for the past 11 months, but has described himself as thankful and happy for every day that he has. The personal strength that has helped him to cope can be described as: A. Resilience. B. Repair. C. Recovery. D. Optimism.

A. Resilience.

Although Juanita's legs became paralyzed following a car accident, she is now able to minimize the stress she initially felt about her inability to walk by viewing it as a challenge rather than a threat. This illustrates the importance of: A. Stress appraisal. B. Stress responses. C. The general adaptation syndrome. D. Her superior resistance reaction.

A. Stress appraisal.

It would be most helpful to use biofeedback to help clients reduce: A. Tension headaches. B. Depression. C. Insomnia. D. Hypertension.

A. Tension headaches.

It has been suggested that a coherent worldview may contribute to the stress protection associated with: A. The faith factor. B. Biofeedback. C. The adaptation-level phenomenon. D. Frequent exercise.

A. The faith factor.

Roger has a good amount on his plate. He works full time, he also has a part-time job, and has a new consulting company in response to his son's special needs. He seems to be coping with everything quite well, for the moment anyway. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Roger is in Phase: A. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction. B. 2, in a state of resistance. C. 3, in a state of exhaustion. D. 4, unable to recover.

B. 2, in a state of resistance.

Maya owes the credit card company $20,000, her adjustable-rate mortgage has just gone up, and she has been out of work for 3 months. Her husband of 15 years came home today to tell her he was having an affair and wants a divorce. With that news, she collapsed and had to be taken to the emergency room. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Maya is in Phase: A. 2, in a state of resistance. B. 3, in a state of exhaustion. C. 4, unable to recover. D. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

B. 3, in a state of exhaustion.

Cheryl's father-in-law had a serious heart attack several weeks ago. She is concerned because he lives alone. After his heart attack, which acquisition would increase his odds of survival? A. A more reliable automobile B. A dog C. A bicycle helmet D. A new computer

B. A dog

Julia is awoken in the middle of the night to the sound of breaking glass. Her increased heart rate and respiration can BEST be explained as: A. Resistance. B. A fight-or-flight response. C. Stress. D. Exhaustion.

B. A fight-or-flight response.

John has been an active member of his church for the past 35 years. His good health may be attributed to: A. The decreased likelihood that he engages in a healthy lifestyle. B. Access to a support network. C. A consistent routine. D. Increased practice using stress management skills.

B. Access to a support network.

Tammy was hired to improve morale at a large manufacturing company. Which change is likely to have the MOST positive effect on morale? A. Eliminating cashing in vacation time and mandating paid time off B. Allowing workers to stop the conveyor belt when they see a problem C. Providing clear-cut procedures for workers to follow D. Scheduling random drawings for prizes

B. Allowing workers to stop the conveyor belt when they see a problem

Research indicates that people who _______________ are more vulnerable to disease. A. Have their own business B. Are recently widowed C. Own dogs D. Bet at the racetrack

B. Are recently widowed

People tend to use emotion-focused, rather than problem-focused, coping strategies when they: A. Appraise a stressful event as a challenge rather than a threat. B. Believe they cannot change a stressful situation. C. Experience relative deprivation. D. Experience learned helplessness.

B. Believe they cannot change a stressful situation.

Sydney is on her way to a meeting with her boss. In response to this anxiety-provoking situation, her: A. Pupils constrict. B. Blood flows to her muscles. C. Sensitivity to pain increases. D. Heart rate slows.

B. Blood flows to her muscles.

Cancer-producing substances are known as: A. Natural killer cells. B. Carcinogens. C. Macrophages. D. Lymphocytes.

B. Carcinogens.

Marcus is going through a particularly difficult time because of work-related stress, his parents' health problems, impending final exams, and term paper deadlines. Marcus has a history of not dealing well with stress. The continuous stress is likely to cause all of these EXCEPT: A. Cause the blister on Marcus' foot to heal more slowly than normal. B. Cause Marcus to develop cancer. C. Weaken Marcus' resistance to a bad cold. D. Alter Marcus' immune system so he does not fight off disease as well.

B. Cause Marcus to develop cancer.

With respect to personality, Type A is to Type B as _____ is to _____. A. Hostile; ambitious B. Competitive; easygoing C. Aggressive; distressed D. Distressed; relaxed

B. Competitive; easygoing

One effective strategy for reducing angry feelings is to: A. Release the feelings in fantasy or activity, such as sports. B. Count to 10. C. Get even. D. Stew in silence.

B. Count to 10.

"Always look on the bright side of life," advises an old saying. Looking on the bright side suggests _____ coping. A. Primary B. Emotion-focused C. Secondary D. Problem-focused

B. Emotion-focused

Davis is a consultant hired to give advice to operators of assisted living facilities. The advice he was hired to give is meant to improve the health of residents. What type of advice would Davis provide in order to positively influence the health of residents? A. Take them to the zoo B. Give residents more control over social activities and cafeteria food offerings C. Reduce the time they spend watching television D. Take more control of residents' social behavior

B. Give residents more control over social activities and cafeteria food offerings

Which of the following is TRUE regarding immune system functioning? A. If your body doesn't function properly, your immune system can respond too strongly. B. If your body doesn't function properly, your immune system can either respond too strongly or underreact. C. Immune system functioning is not related to body functions. D. If your body doesn't function properly, your immune system may underreact.

B. If your body doesn't function properly, your immune system can either respond too strongly or underreact.

Jeremy's New Year's resolution is to lose weight and stop smoking. Based on the research on self-control, which approach is likely to be MOST successful? A. Jeremy should wait until after the new year to focus on changes. B. Jeremy should try to lose weight first and then stop smoking. C. Jeremy should try to lose weight and stop smoking at the same time. D. Jeremy should accept himself as he is.

B. Jeremy should try to lose weight first and then stop smoking.

Which concept is MOST nearly the opposite of personal control? A. Problem-focused coping B. Learned helplessness C. Self-control D. Locus of control

B. Learned helplessness

When compared to someone who views an event as a threat, an individual who views an event as a challenge is likely to feel _____ stressed. A. Similarly B. Less C. More D. Equally

B. Less

Who is the BEST example of a Type B personality? A. Tanya, an ambitious, self-confident waitress B. Mary, a relaxed, understanding social worker C. Tamara, a time-conscious, competitive lawyer D. Juanita, an impatient, pessimistic librarian

B. Mary, a relaxed, understanding social worker

Which of the following is NOT associated with mindfulness? A. Mindfulness activates brain regions that are associated with more reflective awareness. B. Mindfulness fosters social support. C. Mindfulness strengthens connections in our brain. D. Mindfulness calms brain activation in emotional situations.

B. Mindfulness fosters social support.

Attending to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner is most likely to be associated with: A. Emotion-focused coping. B. Mindfulness meditation. C. Aerobic exercise. D. The general adaptation syndrome.

B. Mindfulness meditation.

Students who expect that they will be able to rebound from a low test score through their own effort and self-discipline most clearly demonstrate: A. The benefits of aerobic exercise. B. Optimism. C. The adaptation-level phenomenon. D. An external locus of control.

B. Optimism.

The director of an assisted-living housing complex was puzzled by a situation. When she let the residents choose their own dinnertime, as well as what they wanted to eat, she realized there were far fewer health problems and deaths. To what might she attribute this? A. Social support B. Perceived control C. Emotion-focused coping D. Explanatory style

B. Perceived control

Primates at the top of the social pecking order are less likely to contract cold-like viral infections than those with lower social status. This best illustrates the value of: A. Self-control. B. Perceived control. C. Emotion-focused coping. D. Problem-focused coping.

B. Perceived control.

In a famous study, a notable improvement in activity, health, and happiness was observed among nursing home patients who experienced: A. The feel-good, do-good phenomenon. B. Personal control. C. Biofeedback. D. Learned helplessness.

B. Personal control.

Faced with overlapping, unrealistic deadlines at work, Ira recruits his co-workers to perform some of the routine clerical tasks associated with the projects. Ira is engaged in _____ coping. A. Secondary B. Problem-focused C. Primary D. Emotion-focused

B. Problem-focused

When people speak of "being proactive" or "getting in front of a situation," they usually mean tackling an obstacle head-on so that it does not become a bigger issue. These phrases MOST clearly suggest _____ coping. A. Problem-minded B. Problem-focused C. Emotion-focused D. Social-focused

B. Problem-focused

Rachel is a very optimistic young woman. She usually expects the best, even in uncertain times. Her college roommate, Leah, is pessimistic and is always expecting the worst. For these two women, what prediction is likely during finals week? A. The two of them will have the same degree of fatigue and coughing. B. Rachel will have less fatigue and fewer coughs than will Leah. C. Leah will have less fatigue and fewer coughs than will Rachel. D. Leah will have fewer aches and pains than will Rachel.

B. Rachel will have less fatigue and fewer coughs than will Leah.

Brenda is pregnant with her first child and comes from a high socioeconomic status family. Which of the following can NOT be expected regarding Brenda's pregnancy? A. Her baby is at a reduced risk for infant mortality. B. She is more likely to experience violence while pregnant. C. Her baby is at a reduced risk of low birth weight. D. She is less likely to smoke while pregnant.

B. She is more likely to experience violence while pregnant.

Hillary rates her satisfaction with her life as an 8 out of 10. This score refers to her: A. Personal control. B. Subjective well-being. C. Adaptation level. D. Set point.

B. Subjective well-being.

Jane and Sue leave a building and see a dog running toward them. Jane assumes that the dog wants to play. Sue assumes the dog is going to attack. Which of these is MOST likely? A. Both Sue and Jane will experience a negative stress reaction. B. Sue's stress reaction will be more negative than Jane's. C. Jane's stress reaction will be more negative than Sue's. D. Neither Sue nor Jane will experience a negative stress reaction.

B. Sue's stress reaction will be more negative than Jane's.

The pioneering stress theorist _____ proposed the general adaptation syndrome to describe the body's response to stressors. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. A. Walter Cannon B. Meyer Friedman C. Hans Selye D. Ellen Langer

C. Hans Selye

Mandisa is under an extreme amount of stress. She is battling with her ex-husband about money and their children. In this time of stress, Mandisa turns to her friends for support and spends as much time with her children as possible. Taylor and colleagues would say that she is responding to stress according to which model? A. Danger and anger B. Tend and befriend C. Fight or flee D. Fight or flight

B. Tend and befriend

George and Margaret have been married for almost 50 years. Both are in fairly good health, which may be related to their marital relationship. Which aspect of marriage may be related to improved health? A. The absence of experiencing divorce B. The quality of the marital relationship C. The number of previous marital unions D. Marital status alone

B. The quality of the marital relationship

Which is NOT a main type of stressor? A. Daily hassles B. Type A personality C. Catastrophes D. Significant life changes

B. Type A personality

Nearly _____ percent of all Americans think that being very well off is important for happiness. This belief is _____ by scientific research. A. 75; supported B. 60; supported C. 75; contradicted D. 60; contradicted

C. 75; contradicted

After the terrorist attacks of 9/11, many people from around the country went to New York City to lend aid. This response to stress is an example of: A. A catastrophe. B. Resistance. C. A tend-and-befriend response. D. A significant life change.

C. A tend-and-befriend response.

Abdul has just discovered his term paper is due tomorrow when he thought it was due next week. According to Hans Selye, Abdul will likely be experiencing the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome. A. Appraisal B. Exhaustion C. Alarm D. Resistance

C. Alarm

Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is correctly matched with its description? A. All of these are correctly matched. B. Resistance—experiencing the negative physical and psychological consequences of stress C. Alarm—perceiving a threat or stressor D. Exhaustion—attempting to cope with the stressor

C. Alarm—perceiving a threat or stressor

Deb expects that diligent study will enable her to earn good grades on her tests. Deb's belief best illustrates: A. The adaptation-level phenomenon. B. Emotion-focused coping. C. An internal locus of control. D. An external locus of control.

C. An internal locus of control.

Brendan must give an oral presentation in 10 minutes at the start of his class. In response to this threat: A. Brendan's pupils constrict. B. Brendan's parasympathetic nervous system becomes active. C. Blood flow increases to Brendan's muscles. D. The activity of Brendan's digestive system increases.

C. Blood flow increases to Brendan's muscles.

_____ is alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods. A. Mindfulness meditation B. Optimism C. Coping D. Self-control

C. Coping

Feeling as though you have too much to do is which kind of stressor? A. Significant life change B. Acculturative stress C. Daily hassle D. Catastrophe

C. Daily hassle

Following an ugly confrontation with a co-worker, Simon seeks sympathy from his friends. Simon is practicing _____ coping. A. Problem-focused B. Secondary C. Emotion-focused D. Primary

C. Emotion-focused

After breaking up with her boyfriend, Kathy alleviated her stress by avoiding contact with her ex-boyfriend and by planning recreational activities with her best girlfriend. Kathy's behavior BEST illustrates: A. A Type B personality. B. Spontaneous remission. C. Emotion-focused coping. D. An optimistic outlook on life.

C. Emotion-focused coping.

Attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction is known as: A. Experiencing learned helplessness. B. Having an internal locus of control. C. Emotion-focused coping. D. Problem-focused coping.

C. Emotion-focused coping.

Carl and Ralph both earned a D on their psychology test. Carl believes that his low grade resulted because his teacher does not like him. Ralph believes that his low grade was due to bad luck. Carl demonstrates an _____ locus of control; Ralph demonstrates an _____ locus of control. A. Internal; external B. Internal; internal C. External; external D. External; internal

C. External; external

Casey and Reagan both earned A's on their biology test. Casey believes that her test score was due to luck, while Reagan attributes her grade to hard work. Casey demonstrates an _____ locus of control; Reagan demonstrates an _____ locus of control. A. Internal; internal B. External; external C. External; internal D. Internal; external

C. External; internal

Although fear can have negative consequences, it can also be adaptive. Which of the following is NOT an example of an adaptive fear response? A. Fear prepares our bodies to flee from danger. B. Fear of injury can protect us from harm. C. Fear of punishment can cause us to harm another person. D. Fear can bind people together as families and nations.

C. Fear of punishment can cause us to harm another person.

Your father-in-law had a serious heart attack several weeks ago. You are especially concerned because he lives alone. After his heart attack, which of the following would increase his odds of survival? A. Developing more Type A traits B. Developing an external locus of control C. Getting a dog D. Getting more channels on his TV

C. Getting a dog

In a senior writing seminar, students were asked to write a brief autobiography. Sixty years later the students MOST likely to be alive and healthy are those who had expressed which outlook in their autobiographies? A. Anger and sorrow B. Narcissism D. One cannot predict longevity on the basis of emotions. C. Happiness, love, and other positive feelings

C. Happiness, love, and other positive feelings

Lupe examines how social support may buffer the negative effects of stigma on the well-being of HIV-positive gay men of color. Lupe is MOST likely a _____ psychologist. A. Social B. Medical C. Health D. Clinical

C. Health

Who of the following is the BEST example of a Type A personality? A. Juan, a friendly, altruistic social worker B. Charisse, a fun-loving, self-indulgent university student C. Jennifer, an irritable, impatient teacher D. Rashida, a highly intelligent, introverted librarian

C. Jennifer, an irritable, impatient teacher

Jessica was walking home from work when she found a $20 bill on the ground. There was no one around, so she picked up the money. As she rounded the corner, she saw a woman with an armful of groceries entering a building. Which scenario is MOST likely? A. Jessica crosses the street to avoid contact with the woman. B. Jessica walks by without noticing. C. Jessica rushes to hold the door for the woman. D. Jessica feels happy that she is not loaded down with groceries.

C. Jessica rushes to hold the door for the woman.

Jennifer has been experiencing depression. Which recommendation from her doctor is likely to be MOST successful? A. Increase sugar intake B. Join a relaxation program C. Join an exercise group D. Wait it out

C. Join an exercise group

Grandma Jones was recently admitted to a nursing home. She was quite ill and on a restricted diet, so the staff made all the decisions for her. They chose her meals, her clothes, and when she was able to get out of bed. As Grandma Jones' health improved, her grandchildren noticed that she seemed to have difficulty asserting herself with the staff. This can be explained by: A. Exhaustion. B. Personal control. C. Learned helplessness. D. Resistance.

C. Learned helplessness.

All of these can help slow down the progression of AIDS in an HIV-positive person EXCEPT: A. Relaxation training. B. Cognitive therapy. C. Loss of a loved one. D. Support groups.

C. Loss of a loved one.

Murphy's Law—the notion that if anything can go wrong, it will—expresses a(n) _____ outlook. A. Type B B. Optimistic C. Pessimistic D. Type A

C. Pessimistic

_____ coping is to addressing work problems with a colleague as _____ coping is to talking to one's hairstylist about all of the problems at work. A. Problem-focused; avoidant B. Avoidant; emotion-focused C. Problem-focused; emotion-focused D. Emotion-focused; problem-focused

C. Problem-focused; emotion-focused

Lorenzo is preparing a lecture on the benefits of exercise and he will highlight all of these EXCEPT exercise: A. Orders up mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin. B. Promotes the growth of new brain cells. C. Provides decreased warmth and body arousal. D. Modestly enhances cognitive abilities.

C. Provides decreased warmth and body arousal.

Nadine believes she is less successful than most of her social media friends. This perception BEST illustrates the concept of: A. Resilience. B. The adaptation-level phenomenon. C. Relative deprivation. D. Subjective well-being.

C. Relative deprivation.

A local religious organization has taken an interest in reaching out to community members with AIDS. They were prompted to do this when they learned that religiously active AIDS patients _____ than do their nonreligious counterparts. A. Have more depressed moods B. Exhibit fewer emotion-focused coping skills C. Survive longer D. Have higher stress hormone levels

C. Survive longer

People who are competitive, super-motivated, impatient, and verbally aggressive are likely to be classified as: A. Type B personalities. B. Type D personalities. C. Type A personalities. D. Pessimistic.

C. Type A personalities.

Unlike your partner, you're not much of a traveler, but you finally agree to take a long-awaited trip to New Zealand. The thing that is most disturbing to you is that you must leave your cherished pet monkey behind for the duration of the trip. There is a "pet hotel" in your community that has agreed to take him for you. Should you worry? A. Not sure. No studies have been done examining social disruptions and monkey immune systems. B. Yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions tend to have increased lymphocyte production. C. Yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions have weakened immune systems. D. No. Monkeys love new social situations, and their immune systems are actually strengthened.

C. Yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions have weakened immune systems.

A stressor is a(n): adaptive response.hormone released by the adrenal glands during periods of stress.fight or flight adaptation.external event that threatens or challenges us.

D

Anders has just received devastating news about the coffee shop he owns. Things seem very bleak because a nationally known competitor is moving in on the same block. Anders has many debts to pay off and his wife is expecting their fourth child. When he hears the bad news, his heart rate zooms and he feels faint, as if he is in shock. According to Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Anders is in Phase: A. 4, unable to recover. B. 3, in a state of exhaustion. C. 2, in a state of resistance. D. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

D. 1, experiencing an alarm reaction.

Juan believes that no matter how hard he works, there is so much systemic bias against his ethnic group that he will be unable to achieve economic success. Juan's thinking most clearly demonstrates: A. The adaptation-level phenomenon. B. Relative deprivation. C. A Type B personality. D. An external locus of control.

D. An external locus of control.

Unpredictable large-scale events such as tornados, tsunamis, and terrorism are examples of: A. Environmental stressors. B. Daily hassles. C. Significant life changes. D. Catastrophes.

D. Catastrophes.

In the 1990s, Alanis Morissette sang that "a traffic jam when you're already late" is ironic. While it actually may not be ironic, this situation is indeed a(n): A. Microstressor. B. Life change. C. Annoyance. D. Daily hassle.

D. Daily hassle.

Reeghan was diagnosed with high cholesterol, which led to a heart attack at the age of 52. According to research, which factor increases her likelihood of having further heart problems? A. Type B personality B. Low blood pressure C. Optimism D. Depression

D. Depression

Joseph has been experiencing financial problems associated with his recent divorce. He was able to save $300 from his tips, but since he could not pay off his bills, he decided to purchase a flat screen television to help him take his mind off his stress. This is an example of _____ coping. A. Problem-focused B. Social-focused C. Problem-minded D. Emotion-focused

D. Emotion-focused

Sarah recently had a routine medical test conducted. Her doctor contacted her and told her that there were some irregularities and further tests were needed. While Sarah was concerned about the results, she dealt with her stress by talking to friends, spending time with her family, and staying busy. This is an example of _____ coping. A. Problem-minded B. Problem-focused C. Social-focused D. Emotion-focused

D. Emotion-focused

When bad things happen to him, Joe lists all the good things in his life that he is thankful for. Joe's practice exemplifies _____ coping. A. Primary B. Problem-focused C. Secondary D. Emotion-focused

D. Emotion-focused

The third phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by: A. Resistance. B. An alarm reaction. C. Low blood pressure. D. Exhaustion.

D. Exhaustion.

Jared's psychologist has asked him to write about a personal trauma he experienced as a child. How might this writing exercise influence his health? A. His life will probably not change, since expressing yourself in writing has NOT been shown to be connected to health. B. He may lose weight. C. He may initially have more health problems due to reliving his traumatic experience. D. He may have fewer health problems in the coming months.

D. He may have fewer health problems in the coming months.

For African Americans, the stress of racial discrimination is associated with all of the following EXCEPT: A. Sleep deprivation. B. Poor academic achievement. C. Increased blood pressure. D. Improved immune system functioning.

D. Improved immune system functioning.

When Jason, aged 10, comes home from school, he is often very loud, energetic, and sometimes irritable. His mother is worried about his impulsiveness, but is unsure if it is a problem because he seems to act this way only when he has had school that day and his teacher describes him as well-behaved in the classroom. What is the BEST explanation for his after-school behavior? A. Jason's mother is too lenient with Jason. B. Jason's mother is too demanding of Jason. C. Jason drinks fruit juice after school every day. D. Jason used up his energy for self-control in school.

D. Jason used up his energy for self-control in school.

Selma participated in a research project in college, and she was identified as being less happy than average. During a follow-up study 20 years later, researchers found all of these EXCEPT Selma was: A. More likely to have divorced than happy peers. B. Less likely to have married than happy peers. C. Less likely to earn significantly more money than happy peers. D. Less likely to have met all of her life goals than her happy peers.

D. Less likely to have met all of her life goals than her happy peers.

Aerobic exercise is an effective way to: A. Increase emotion-focused coping. B. Reduce problem-focused coping. C. Reduce serotonin activity in the brain. D. Lower the blood pressure reaction to stress.

D. Lower the blood pressure reaction to stress.

After breaking up with his longtime girlfriend, James came down with a severe respiratory infection. He might have experienced a milder form of the infection, if not for his breakup prompting a(n) decrease in his body's release of ________. A. Oxytocin B. Norepinephrine C. NK cells D. Lymphocytes

D. Lymphocytes

Although stress does not create cancer cells, it may affect their growth by suppressing the activity of: A. Oxytocin. B. Norepinephrine. C. The adrenal glands. D. Lymphocytes.

D. Lymphocytes.

Which of the following individuals would be MOST likely to "tend and befriend" in times of stress? A. Becky, a 3-year-old girl B. Brad, a 34-year-old African American man C. Jonah, a 5-year-old boy D. Margaret, a 67-year-old Caucasian woman

D. Margaret, a 67-year-old Caucasian woman

Compared with those who perceive an internal locus of control, individuals with an external locus of control are _____ likely to feel depressed and _____ able to delay gratification. A. Less; less B. Less; more C. More; more D. More; less

D. More; less

Nadiene owes the credit card company $20,000, her adjustable rate mortgage has just gone up, and she has been out of work for 3 months. Her husband of 15 years came home today to tell her he was having an affair and wants a divorce. With that last news, she collapsed and had to be taken to the emergency room. According to Hans Selye, she is in which stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A. Phase 1, experiencing an alarm reaction B. Phase 4, unable to recover C. Phase 2, in a state of resistance D. Phase 3, in a state of exhaustion

D. Phase 3, in a state of exhaustion

Stan is at an increased risk for developing heart disease. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Stan? A. High blood pressure B. Obesity C. A family history of heart disease D. Physical activity

D. Physical activity

You are preparing a lecture on the benefits of exercise and will highlight all of the following EXCEPT exercise: A. Orders up mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin. B. Modestly enhances cognitive abilities. C. Promotes the growth of new brain cells. D. Provides decreased body arousal.

D. Provides decreased body arousal.

Rhonda is a very optimistic young woman. She usually expects the best, even in uncertain times. Her college roommate Leah, on the other hand, is pessimistic and is always expecting the worst. For these two women, what do you predict will happen during finals week? A. The two women will have the same degree of fatigue and cold symptoms. B. Leah will have fewer aches and pains than will Rhonda. C. Leah will have less fatigue and fewer colds than will Rhonda. D. Rhonda will have less fatigue and fewer colds than will Leah.

D. Rhonda will have less fatigue and fewer colds than will Leah.

Brenda is pregnant with her first child and comes from a high socioeconomic status family. Which of the following can NOT be expected regarding Brenda's pregnancy? A. Her baby is at a reduced risk of low birth weight. B. She is less likely to smoke while pregnant. C. Her baby is at a reduced risk for infant mortality. D. She is more likely to experience violence while pregnant.

D. She is more likely to experience violence while pregnant.

Stan is riding in a car with his friend Brenda. Brenda suddenly begins swerving across the lanes on the road and driving fast. Stan begins to feel scared and nervous. His heart rate increases and he begins to sweat. In this example, what is Stan's stress reaction? A. Stan screaming B. Brenda and Stan riding in the car together C. Brenda's sudden change in driving D. Stan's increased heart rate and perspiration

D. Stan's increased heart rate and perspiration

With each new accomplishment, each career advance, and each raise, Joe somehow feels that it is still not enough. Joe's example BEST illustrates: A. Resilience. B. Subjective well-being. C. Relative deprivation. D. The adaptation-level phenomenon.

D. The adaptation-level phenomenon.

It has been suggested that a coherent worldview may contribute to the stress protection associated with: A. Biofeedback. B. Frequent exercise. C. The adaptation-level phenomenon. D. The faith factor.

D. The faith factor.

People's tendency to be helpful when they are already in a positive mood is known as: A. Emotion-focused coping. B. A mindfulness approach. C. The faith factor. D. The feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

D. The feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

People who are competitive, super-motivated, impatient, and verbally aggressive are likely to be classified as: A. Pessimistic. B. Type B personalities. C. Type D personalities. D. Type A personalities.

D. Type A personalities.

One's perceived satisfaction with life is called _____.

Subjective Well-Being