psych exam 3

What is the approximate heritability ratio of the big 5 personality traits in humans

50%

Deborah has always wanted to go to college at Stanford. She applied but was not accepted to Stanford; however she was accepted to U.C. Berkeley. At first she was crushed but then she started telling all her teachers and friends that "U.C. Berkley is far more interesting school." Her statement reflects

A resolution to cognitive dissonance

A simplified set of traits associated with membership in a grup of caterogrory is calle d

A stereotype

Aaron, a premed student, received C on his biochemistry exam. He told his roommate that he had studied for the exam, and that it was just bad luck that the professor had asked many questions that he did not understand. Aaron appears to have

An external locus of control

A judgement about the cause of a persons behavior is called an

Attribution

According to lecture, what does the science of personality explore

Characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving

Javier is studying her firing of neurons in the brains of rates as part of his dissertation research on memory. He is disciplined in his research process and in his record-keeping, and follows his advisors recommendations to the letter, as he wants to eventually accomplish a lot in this field. The big 5 trait that best describes this aspect of Javier's personality is

Conscientiousness

Aggression is the

Conscious intent to harm another

Rules for behavior in social settings, which are usually unwritten or unspoken, are called

Conventional behaviors

In Freud personality theory, a protective behavior that reduces anxiety is called a

Defense mechanism

In Freudian theory, projection is

Defense mechanism

Jens best friend just got fired from her part time job waitress. Jens first thought was "I knew she lacked the patience for the job". Jen is illustrating

Dis-positional attribution

Vanessa father was auto mechanic. She spent countless hours as a child by her dads side, learning the ins and outs of his trade. There is no doubt that Vanessa is very competent in this field; however, she has applied to over 50 auto repair shops in her town and has not received one interview. Which of the following terms describes the most likely reason for this?

Discrimination

Leannes freiends love her 60 yer old mom, Lis, who is very warm and freinedly. In fact, Liz encourages Leanne to bring over her friends for cocktail parties or cookouts every weekend she is free (that is, when shes not invited with a book club, painting class, or yoga retreat). The big 5 triat that best describes ths aspect of Lis personality is

Extroversion

For as long as he can remember, Randy's passion in life has been to eat, drink, and be merry. Which component of Freud personality theory does this reflect

Id

Why was the Stanford Prison Study stopped well ahead of schedule

Inappropriate behaviors by study participants

Leanness father dreads it when her mother invites leanness friend over for cocktail parties and cookouts. He is reserved, uncomfortable with people that he does not know well, and prefers quite evenings of reading. The big 5 trait that best describes this aspect his personality is

Introversion

Which of the following is an advantage of personality inventories

Large numbers of people can be assessed quickly and inexpressibly

Marissa is taking a personality test at her colleges carrier counseling office. This test is no the MMPI. What form of question is most likely to be used on the test?

Likert scales

What is the definition of comformity

Mathcing behavior and appearance to perceived social norms

Lucia has always been what some researchers call a cooperator, that is, someone who gives freely of her time, her money, and so forth, usually irrespective of the behavior of others. Cooperators, though small in number in society, are very important because

Most people are reciprocates who cooperate only after seeing others do so

Which of the following modifications to milgrams study design reduced the rate of obedience

Moving the teacher and the learner closer together

Although Leanne appreciate her mother hospitality, she frequently declines these invitations because of the complications surrounding her closest friend, Alicia. Alicia would be hurt not to be included, but might dampen the party with the anxiety, anger, hostility, and tendency towards depression. Leanne never knows what she will do or say next. The big 5 traits that best describes this aspect of Alicias personality is

Neuroticism

To remember the big five traits, use the acronym

OCEAN

Complying with a request from an authority figure is calle d

Obedience

According to Walter Mischel, if a child experiences a particular situation, he or she will then respond with a unique, stable set of behaviors. These if then patterns will be characteristic of an indv leading ot the stable set of behaviors. These if then patterns will be characteristic of an indv, leading to the stable characteristics we think of as

Personality

Rina enters the cafeteria of her new high school, unsure of where to sit for lunch. She approaches two groups of girls, but each group turns their backs on her to talk and laugh with each other. The pattern of her brain activity caused by the distress of social exclusion is most similar to the brain activity associated with

Physical pain

Nina asks Anita to explain psycho-dynamic theory for the class. How should Anita respond

Psychic energy is moved among the compartments of the personality id, ego and super ego

Sigmund Freud treatment approach based on his psycho-dynamic theory is called

Psychoanalysis

There is a natural tendency to comply in response to perceiving a social tie with another person due to powerful norms of

Reciprocation

1. Dannys soccer teammates want to play a prank on a rival team before their game. Danny is reluctant to participate but does not want to be the only one who expreses disapproval of the plan. He goes along with the group. This scenario illustrates that conformity

Reduces the risk of rejection by a social group

What did milgram conclude in applying his research results to the Holocaust

Relatively few people have the resources needed to reset authority

Ross is filling in a personality inventory in connection with a job application. The results are based on his self report. Why is this a potential limitation

Ross responses might be influenced by his need to appear socially appropriate

Joes best friend has applied for many jobs and received a few interviews, but has not had one job offer yet. Joe believes that due to the current economy, finding a job may take his friend some time. His belief is an example of

Situational attribution

What is the definition of social facilitation

The change in performance due to the presence of other people

The study of bystander intervention in the study of situational variables related to helping a stranger, most notably

The decreased likelihood of helping as the number of bystander increases

Most efforts to study the effects of genetics on personality use

The twin study method

The importance of group membership to survival is reflected in the remarkable loyalty human beings show to

Their culturally defined groups

What is the part of mental activity that cannot be voluntarily retrived

Unconscious mind

Each of the big five traits consist of a

continuum from one extreme to the other