Psych Exam 5

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors.

Dispositionism

When we see others engage in behavior, we tend to overemphasize internal characteristics in explaining why they behaved in the way they did. In contrast, when we engage in behavior, we emphasize situational characteristics to explain why we behaved how we did. This is known as what?

Fundamental attribution error

___________is characterized by constant worry over minor and catastrophic events. Other complaints, such as muscle tension, fatigue, and irritability are also common.

Generalized anxiety

People who have a high social dominance orientation (SDO) are likely to agree with which of the following statements?

Hierarchies are natural, some groups are simply better than others

What type of tool is used to measure automatic preferences such as one's attitude toward different groups?

Implicit Association Test (IAT)

What does it mean to say that most personality disorders are "ego-syntonic"?

Most people with personality disorders are largely comfortable with themselves and their characteristic manner of thinking, behaving, and feeling.

__________ is the process by which a message induces change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors.

Persuasion

Which of the following descriptions best characterizes the full definition of psychological disorder by the American Psychiatric Association?

Unusual behavior, thoughts, or feelings that are unexpected and cause significant distress or disability.

Which of the following is true of Milgram's (1963, 1965, 1974) research on obedience to authority?

With each increment of shock voltage, fewer participants obeyed, but about 65% still administered 450 volts (the highest level).

A belief that characterizes people based merely on group membership is __________.

a stereotype.

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

antidepressants

Which of the following is the best definition of mindfulness, as it relates to therapy?

being mentally attentive but also non-judgmental

The primary mechanism by which psychoanalytic therapies are thought to work is by

bringing unconscious struggles into conscious awareness to relieve stress

Which of the following techniques are associated with CBT?

challenging automatic thoughts

Which of the following is the best definition of conformity?

changing one's attitude or behavior to match a perceived social norm

Jenny seeks the help of a counselor, Amanda. Amanda begins by being very warm. She does not direct Jenny with regards to what she should talk about. Instead, Amanda primarily focuses on empathizing with Jenny and accepting her for who she is. Which therapeutic orientation is Amanda most likely using?

client centered therapy

The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events.

diathesis-stress

Drugs blocking which of the following neurotransmitters have been shown to be an effective treatment of psychotic disorders, like schizophrenia?

dopamine

Which of the following is not a part of the proposed "triad of trustworthiness?"

expertise

Which of the following is NOT a form of biological treatment for a person suffering from depression?

functional magnetic resonance imaging

Agonists generally _______ activity at the synapse while antagonists generally ______ activity at the synapse.

increase; decrease

Celine has been having difficulty sleeping, cannot seem to concentrate at work, is sad most of the time, and seems to have lost interest in things that she always used to enjoy. Which disorder is Celine most likely suffering from?

major depressive disorder

Antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except________

manic episodes

Kyle is so preoccupied with avoiding germs that he washes his hands as many as 20 times an hour. Kyle most likely suffers from:

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Which of the following was the earliest organized therapeutic orientation?

psychoanalysis

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and catatonia are symptoms of which category of disorders?

schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Following an outcome, we tend to make attributions that enable us to see ourselves in favorable light. This is known as what type of bias

self-serving bias

Psychopharmacology can best be defined as:

the study of how drugs affect the brain and behavior

The figure most associated with the person centered therapy movement is

Carol Rogers