psych final

Which of the following was formerly called multiple personality disorder?

Dissociative identity disorder

Alex cannot control his hands every five minutes. He washes his hands almost 1000 times a day because he is terrified of being contaminated with germs. If Alex doesn't wash his hands, he experiences overwhelming anxiety. In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders, it can be inferred that Alex is most likely diagnosed with

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Randy experienced a horrific childhood. She was physically and verbally abused by her mother and sexually abused by her stepfather. Years later, she began experiencing anxiety symptoms. which of the following anxiety-related disorders would best apply to this situation?

Post-traumatic stress disorder

_______ refers to the tendancy to take credit for ones own successes and to deny responsibility for ones own failures.

Self- serving bias

a superficially charmed person who is indifferent to the pain of others and has spent his life in and out of prison for violent crimes, would most likely be diagnosed with which type of personality disorder?

antisocial personality disorder

Robert's teacher, Martha, has complained about his behavior on several occasions. According to Martha, Robert cannot focus in class and is constantly distracted. She also mentioned that Robert is extremely active and very impulsive by nature. If Robert were to be taken by his teacher to Dr. Miller, a psychiatrist, he is likely to be diagnosed with

attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder

_______ are peoples opinions and beliefs about other people, object, and ideas, and how they feel about the world.

attitudes

Which of the following biomedical interventions for eliminating the symptoms of psychological disorders is used least often?

aversive conditioning

is a therapist gives an alcoholic a drink laced with a nausea-inducing drug so that he or she will become ill after drinking the alcohol, the therapist is using

aversive conditioning

the ______ approach to psychological disorders focuses on the brain, genetic factors and neurotransmitter functioning as the sources of abnormality

biological

______ is characterized as a pervasive pattern of instability interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions, and of marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in various context

boarderline personality disorder

Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy _____.

clearly shows that psychotherapy works

______ is the psychological discomfort caused by two inconsistent thoughts

cognitive dissonance

Tasha is seeing a therapist because she is depressed. Her therapist gives her examples of reinforcing self-statements and trains Tasha on self-instructional methods that allow her to modify her own behavior. Tasha's therapist is most likely practicing

cognitive-behavior therapy

all of the following are classified as anxiety disorders, EXCEPT

depression

the _____ is a theory suggesting that preexisting conditions, such as genetic characteristics, personality disposition, or experiences, put a person at risk of developing a psychological disorder

diathesis-stress model

_____ means helping another person for personal gain, such as to feel good, or avoid guilt

egoism

Dr. Billings is a therapist who specializes in psychoanalysis. The type of techniques that she is likely to use include....

free association, dream interpretation, transference, and interpreting the client's resistance to discussing painful memories

______ refers to the impaired decision making that occurs when making the right decision in less important than maintaining harmony

groupthink

You are watching golf and see Tiger Woods scowl. You would be making the fundamental attribution error if you assumed that

he has an angry and volatile personality

the primary premise of humanistic therapy is that

individuals possess the capacity to heal themselves

according to attribution theory, attributions vary along whch of the following dimensions?

internal/ external causes

With respect to the three characteristics of abnormal behavior, when a behavior interferes with a person's ability to function effectively in the world, it is considered

maladaptive

_________ refers to a physical state in which an individual feels overexcited and unrealistically optimistic

mania

a depressive disorder is classified as a(n) _______ disorder

mood

a classic series of experiments by Stanley Milgram demonstrated the profound effect of

obedience

Brenda is constantly in the habit of arranging and rearranging things in her house. She feels anxious when things are not arranged symetrically and engages in this behavior to dismiss her from negative feelings. Consequently, Brenda forbids children from entering her house because she is afraid that they will disturb the balance and orderliness. In context of anxiety and anxiety related disorders, Brenda is most likely to be diagnosed with

obsessive compulsive disorder

In a(n) ________ a person experiences recurrent, sudden onsets of intense terror, often without warning and with no specific cause

panic disorder

the ______ of schizophrenia are marked by a distortion or an excess of normal function, whereas the _____ reflect social withdrawal, behavioral deficits, and the loss or decrease of normal function

positive symptoms/ negative symptoms

the more exposure effect provides one possible explanation for why _______ increases attraction

proximity

which of the following therapies stress the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretation by the therapist, and the role of early childhood experiences in the development in an individuals problems?

psychodynamic therapies

"i have never been a good problem solver. I am not direct enough to be successful." the client complained. " you do not see yourself as a direct problem solver?" responded the therapist. This conversation is an example of _____ and is typical of _____.

reflective speech/ client-centered therapy

the tendancy for a group decision to be riskier than the average decision made by the individual group member is known as

risky shift

______ involves strong components of sexuality and infatuation, and is often predominant in the early part of a love relationship.

romantic love

_____ is a severe psychological disorder that is characterized by highly disordered, psychotic thought process.

schizophrenia

Depressed people tend to have fewer receptors of the neurotransmitters

serotonin and norepinephrine

a man who is afraid of flying and who would go to any length to avoid flying is most likely experiencing

specific phobia

which of the following techniques should most likely be implemented by a behavioral therapist when a client has a fear of public speaking?

systematic desensitization

Although Jeff frequently exceeds the speed limit by at least 10 mph, he justifies his behavior by erroneously thinking that most other drivers do the same. This belief best illustrates

the false consensus effect

which of the following is a primary goal of a humanistic therapist

to encourage personal growth

the bystander effect is most likely to occur

when someone is witnessing an emergency and there are several other people present