psych modules 5-7
Which of the following is the strongest correlation?
0.90
Students from a journalism class ask only their friends to participate in a school newspaper survey and neglect to ask the rest of the student body. the journalism students data may not be generalizable due to...
Sampling bias
Which of the following studies has had the most profound impact on ethical issues in psychological research?
Stanley Miligram's study of obedience
A psychological researcher designs a study to determine whether positive feedback affects self-esteem. The researcher requires each participant to toss twenty coins into a coffee can that is three feet away. Half of the participants are told that their performance is superior, and the other half are told that their performance is well below average. Although some of the participants want to quit tossing coins after a few attempts, they are told that once they begin the study they have to complete it. After the coin toss, participants take a test measuring self-esteem. Following the test, all participants are debriefed and told that information about their performance was false. Results of the study indicate that participants who are told their performance is well below average report lower levels of self-esteem than do those who are told their performance is superior. Which of the following elements constitutes the independent variable in the study?
The feedback about relative performance in coin tossing.
Which of the following violations of ethical guidelines occurs in the study?
Violation of the right to withdraw
A person displays a set of rare behaviors that psychologists had not known about previously, because nobody had ever shown them before. The best strategy to investigate the nature of those behaviors is...
a case study
A research group conducted a study investigating the connection between self-reported number of hours slept in a given week and scores of a happiness measure. Based on the scatter plot above, the group can report that there is...
a positive correlation
Research finds that, in general, the higher an incoming college student scores on a given test, the higher the student's college grade point average. Which of the following best describes the relationship?
a positive correlation
What type of graph would a researcher use to represent these data? (Can't see the diagram in the vid...)
a scatterplot
A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group. a) What is the independent variable in this study? b) What is the dependent variable in this study? c) This research method is best characterized as...
a) type of television program viewed b) incidense of aggressive behavior c) experimental
Researchers are investigating the effects of a 20-minute antibullying video on adolescent helping behavior. Fifty seven eighth grade students from a middle school are participating. What conclusion can be drawn from the graph? y- axis: mean number of helping behaviors x-axis: before video, after video
both showed an increase in helping behavior
In an experiment, which of the following variables refers to the outcome that is measured by the experimenter?
dependent
Which of the following research approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that the presence of certain odors causes people to gamble more?
experimental
Researchers have found a negative correlation between income and dental problems. What conclusion can be drawn from this statement?
having a higher income causes fewer dental problems
Which of the following types of research are the same children tested periodically at different points in their development?
longitudinal
Experimental research differs from correlational research in that experimental research...
may reveal a casual relationship
Which of the following statistics best approximates the relation between the variables? (Same thing as above...)
r= -.90
All of the following are american psychological association ethical guidelines for research EXCEPT...
research may not involve deception
Research shows that women who are referred by a physician to participate in a study of Eating Disorders have more severe problems than women who volunteer on their own to participate in the study. I and research on eating disorders regularly involves only women referred by physicians, the results of the studies might be limited because of the presence of...
sampling bias
The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a...
scatterplot
Which of the following studies demonstrates a cross sectional research design?
testing first, third, and fifth graders at the beginning of the school year
A researcher is trying to determine whether new painkilling medicine is effective in Reducing headaches. 20 adult participants sit in noisy environments for 30 minutes and then rate the severity of their headaches on a scale from one to five. Group M receives a normal dose of the medicine. Group C, the control group, rests quietly. after 20 minutes, all participants again complete the headache rating scale. the statistically significant difference in headache severity on the posttest appear in the graph below. Which of the following is the independent variable in this experiment?
the medicine
Which of the following statements is supported by the results of this experiment?
the medicine was more effective than quiet rest
Is it permissible for a psychologist to share a client's test scores with another person?
when the client provides written permission to share results