Psych of adjustment final part 3

imagine that your best friend took Duckworth and colleagues' (2007) Grit scale. She mentioned that she scored high on grit. As a result, it would be MOST likely your friend would act in which of the following ways?

Continued effort toward a long-term goal despite experiencing adversity

______ involve(s) a person's judgement that his or her goals can be achieved and _____ refer(s) to beliefs that successful plans can be crafted to reach the goal.

agency; pathways

Vinnie dislikes leaving his home and has gradually become more fearful whenever he has to go somewhere. Lately, he has decided to have his groceries delivered and do all his work online. Vinnie may be suffering from

agoraphobia

In her TED talk about optimism, Tali Sharot says that optimists (compared to pessimists):

are more likely tp get remarried

even though she does not like the particular genre of music. Jane told all fo her friends hat the winner of american idol was from her home town. jane was using the method of self enhancement known as______

basking in reflected glory

how has conformation bias contributed to an increasingly polarized political system in the US

because people selectively seek out information that supports their beliefs and have poorer recall to counter additional information, they become more extreme in their views.

in the article "psychology of coronavirus" what does the author describe that helps explain current cases of racial prejudice and discrimination?

behavioral immune system

on average, when people are asked to rate their traits and abilities compared to others, people tend to state they are_______ than the average person , which is called________

better; better than average effect

Ernest is deeply sad. He does not eat much, does not seem to want to take care of himself, and believes his life's work is useless. You think this is strange because several weeks ago, Ernest was very excited about his life. He talked and talked about his new book and even seemed to stay up an entire week writing. Ernest probably has

bipolar disorder

All of the following are dimensions of the attributional process except: - internal versus external - stable versus unstable - controllable versus uncontrollable - cognition versus affect

cognition versus affect

_______ occurs when people yield to social pressure in their public behavior, even though their private beliefs have not changed

compliance

using a medical model of abnormal behavior:

conceptualizes abnormal behavior as a disease

which of the following disorders features the coexistence in one person of two or more largely complete, and usually very different , identities or personalities

dissociative identity disorder

Gloria is struggling in yoga class. She feels self-conscious about her flexibility and core strength to hold particular moves. Instead of leaving the class, she compares herself to the most overweight and inflexible male member of the course and thinks, "Well at least I can hold my downward dog better than he can." Gloria is utilizing a ____________________.

downward social comparison

this is the tendency to explain others' behavior as a function of dispositional, rather than situational factors

fundamental attribution error

according to the results from the Asch line studies. ________ and _______ are the primary determinants of conformity

group size; group unanimity

Sal______________________________, and__________________ this reflects a situation in which prejudice is present but discrimimation is not

harbors negative feelings toward his African American customers, lets them buy pizza from him

people with low self-esteem:

have unclear view of the self

All of the following increase the likelihood of obedience except:

having full personal responsibility for your actions

which of the following is true of self-esteem

high self esteem is more common in individualistic cultures

some people care very much what others think of them and are careful to act in ways that make the best possible impression. how would we characterize these people?

high self-monitoring

when should you use peripheral (rather than central) rout to persuasion?

if the audience doesn't have the motivation or ability to understand a complicated argument

which of the following is NOT a criterion for abnormal behavior

inconsistent behavior

in cultures characterized by_____ people typically but personal goals ahead of group goals and define their identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group members

individualism

in your reaction assignment from chapter 14 (physiological disorders), your read allie's blog (complete with funny cartoons) detailing her two recent episodes of what psychological disorder?

major depressive disorder

which test is commonly used yo determine whether animals (including baby humans) have a self-concept

mirror test

research shows that this disorder is caused by vaccines

none of these

as a consequence of categorization, we tend to view outgroup members as more alike than they really are. what is this called?

outgroup homogeneity effect

People who attribute their setbacks to internal, stable, and global factors are exhibiting a(n) _____________ explanatory style.

pessimistic

Jerry is terrified of snakes and refuses to read nature books to his son if there are pictures of snakes. He is probably suffering from

phobic disorder

In the shooter task you played, what was the primary finding?

players chose to shoot an armed black target more quickly than an armed white target

many people experience great loss after a natural disaster, this stress may lead to mental health issues, but others feel as though they can learn from the experience and actually become a better person. this latter phenomenon is known as:

post traumatic growth

we discussed conformity in Asch's line study and Milgram's obedience study. considering the difference between informational (internal) conformity and normative (external) conformity. how would you characterize the conformity most often found in these studies.

primarily normative influence in both Asch study and Milgram study

all of the following are true of defensive attributions except:

rational/logical attribution

the process whereby expectations about a person cause the person to behave in ways that confirm the expectations is called

self-fulfilling prophecy

the tendency to sabotage your own performance to provide an excuse for possible failure is called:

self-handicapping

At a job interview, you provide a lengthy list of your strengths and accomplishments, and your (soon-to-be) new boss is impressed. which impression management strategy have you used

self-promotion

what is the difference between self-regulation and self-control?

self-regulation is the process of anticipating self-control challenges and proactively avoiding them, while self-control is the active inhibition process when the challenge arises

_______ are assessments of others that are made quickly , automatically, and on the basis of only a few bits of information.

snap judgements

_____ are widely held beliefs that people have certain held characteristics because of their membership in a particular group

stereotypes

With the self-presentation strategy of ______, people try to present themselves as weak and dependent in order to get favors from others.

supplication

suppose a political candidate makes a change to his message in order to include more scientific data. which of the following tactics is he MOST likely using?

taking the central route to persuasion

all of the following are elements of persuasion except: -receiver -technology -source -channel

technology

in Chapter 16 on positive psychology, your textbook provides 4 strategies for boosting your own happiness. which of the following is NOT one of these strategies? -sharing a story about something wonderful you've done -telling a self deprecating joke -writing a gratitude letter -spending your money on a person or charity you care about

telling a self deprecating joke

which type of self-esteem is generally measured in studies?

trait self-esteem

according to your textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the three types of self- perceptions people have that make up their self-concept? -ought -actual -ideal -unrealistic

unrealistic

which of the following is NOT a source of self efficacy?

upward social comparison

what characteristic of out public selves can be problematic

when they are very different from each other

we often hear that it is especially important to make a goof first impression. would psychological research agree? why or why not?

yes, because your first impression biases the way that person will interpret additional information about you in the future

According to the ego depletion model, if you use self-control resources to resist temptation now....

you may have a hard time resisting the next temptation.