psych test 1 + 2

Social Psychology embraces ________ as core scientific values. A) accuracy, objectivity, skepticism, and open-mindedness B) accuracy, objectivity, statistical support, and open-mindedness C) objectivity, theoretical coherence, open-mindedness, and skepticism D) theoretical coherence, participant-observer approach, client-centered stance, skepticism E) open-mindedness, skepticism, statistical support, theoretical coherence

A

1) The branch of psychology that seeks to understand the nature and causes of individual behavior and thought in social situations is ________. A) general psychology B) social psychology C) organizational psychology D) applied psychology E) interpersonal psychology

B

We hold values similar to, and identify with, ________. A) members of our reference group(s) B) members of our age group C) people who dress similar to ourselves D) people with similar tastes in homes/cars E) We base our choices strictly on individuating cues.

a

________ involves using praise of important others as a way to encourage them to like us and approve of us. A) Ingratiation B) In-group effect C) Self-promotion D) Self-monitoring E) Out-group removal

a

A message intended to reduce cheating among high school students is more likely to be effective if it is delivered by ________. A) an elderly teacher B) an attractive and popular student C) a local politician D) None of these is likely to be effective. E) All of these are likely to be effective.

b

Most people believe that social influence plays a smaller role in shaping their persona actions, while other people are more susceptible. This belief is referred to as _____. A) socially normative responding B) the introspection illusion C) the motivation to be accurate D) the need for affiliation E) accurate self-perception

b

The tendency to use a particular number or value as a starting point to which changes are made is known as ________. A) the rating and sliding heuristic B) the anchoring and adjustment heuristic C) the representativeness heuristic D) the priming heuristic E) the availability heuristic

b

When making judgments that involve emotions or feelings, we tend to rely on ________. A) the representativeness heuristic B) the ease with which we can recall relevant information C) the amount of relevant information we can recall D) automatic processing of emotional information E) our intuitive feelings on the topic

b

Which of the following examples BEST illustrates a situation where there is a gap between a person's attitudes and behavior? A) Greg tells his father that he plans to do his homework, but fails to do so when the power goes out minutes later. B) Roz tells her new boyfriend that she is extremely excited to see the new James Bond movie, even though she truly dreads seeing that film. C) Hank wants to move to a new apartment but doesn't have enough money for the move. D) Marilyn tells her son that she will purchase him some chocolate chip cookies, but her son is dissatisfied with her choice. E) Peter tells his friend that his favorite baseball team is the New York Yankees, even though he attended only a few games last season.

b

Descriptive norms ________. A) specify what we should do in a particular situation B) provide us with accurate perceptions of the social world C) indicate what most people do in a particular situation D) help us distinguish ourselves from others in some respects E) reflect our mental representation of our relationships with others

c

Research indicates that people's online identities often reflect ____________. A) the actual self B) the true self C) the ideal self D) the ought self E) the perfect self

c

Research on the color red has demonstrated that____. A) men but not women viewed against a red background are perceived as more sexually attractive B) men but not women who wear red shirts are thought to be more angry and aggressive C) men perceived women wearing red as more sexually appealing than women wearing other colors D) women perceived anyone wearing red as more sexually appealing than men did E) women were thought to be more attractive when they were not wearing red

c

The extent to which different people react to a given situation in the same general way is known as ________. A) noncommon effects B) consistency C) consensus D) distinctiveness E) self-monitoring

c

1) Attitudes are ________. A) the mechanism we use to reduce dissonance B) the mechanism we can use to protect ourselves from unwanted views of ourselves C) the process by which we adjust or adapt our behavior to particular circumstances D) our evaluations of different aspects of the social world E) our evaluations of ourselves

d

Suppose Jamie lives in an apartment building. She has the BEST chance to become acquainted with the person who lives ________. A) directly above her B) in any of these locations C) at the end of the hall on her floor D) directly across from her E) directly below her

d

The idea that part of our self-esteem stems from identifying with the social groups to which we belong is part of ________. A) implicit associations theory B) realistic conflict theory C) social learning theory D) social identity theory E) minimal groups theory

d

The matching hypothesis would say ____. A) Matt is seeking the most attractive partner, preferably someone way more attractive than he is B) Mary is seeking the least attractive partner she can find, preferably someone less attractive than she is C) Carl is seeking a partner that is less attractive than he is D) Charles is seeking a partner that is about at attractive as he is E) Dave is seeking a partner that is more attractive than his last partner

d

According to the theory of planned behavior, our behavioral intentions are partially determined by our attitudes toward a particular behavior, our perceptions of our ability to perform the behavior, and ________. A) others' perceptions of our motivation for engaging in the particular behavior B) others' perceptions of whether we have the ability to perform the behavior adequately C) our perceptions of whether the behavior is considered appropriate for our situation D) our perceptions of whether the behavior will be instrumental in achieving our stated objectives E) our perceptions of whether others will approve or disapprove of the behavior

e

The ways we think about other people and the things we remember about them may have an effect on our behavior. These thoughts and memories are examples of ________. A) social processes B) cultural processes C) interpersonal processes D) historical processes E) cognitive processes

e

Which of the following values would indicate the "strongest" correlation? A) +.67 B) 0 C) -.55 D) + 1.33 E) -.72

e

A multicultural perspective is recognized as increasingly important to research in social psychology because ________. A) a variety of cultural factors such as race or ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability help determine self-identity B) some cultural factors may be important, but these factors have not yet been identified C) cultural factors are only important in some areas of research, such as research dealing with facial recognition D) cultural factors have a weak influence on social behavior E) cultural factors are relatively unimportant in a heterogeneous society

a

A person's attachment style ________ throughout his or her life. A) may change with relationship experience B) will remain stable C) becomes no discernible style after age 35 D) is accentuated with age E) will become less pronounced after one has children

a

A self-fulfilling prophecy is ________. A) the process by which schemas sometimes influence the social world in ways to make the world consistent with the schema B) the result of over-reliance on mental heuristics and memories C) the widespread belief in the 1920s that banks were insolvent or bankrupt D) the end result of having two or more schemas active in our cognitive processes at the same time E) a prediction that is so circular in its reasoning that it only predicts itself

a

By reinforcing children with smiles, hugs, or attention when they repeat things they've heard their parents say, parents are using ________ to shape their children's attitudes. A) instrumental conditioning B) observational learning C) positive regard D) the zone of proximal development E) classical conditioning

a

Kim knows she needs to go take summer courses, but worries about leaving her new boyfriend for three months. She wonders, will "absence make the heart go stronger" be true, or is "out of sight, out of mind" more applicable? This is an example of ________. A) the unscientific nature of conventional wisdom B) confusion regarding an interpersonal problem C) the seductive nature of jealousy D) the need for female advice E) the need for better communication with her boyfriend

a

Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to experience information overload? A) A person who is talking on a cell phone while driving a car B) A person who is eating dinner while watching television C) A person who is singing in the shower D) A person who is dancing and talking at a party E) A person who is chatting with his wife while dressing for work

a

An involuntary negative reaction to a member of a stigmatized group is more likely to be the result of an ________ attitude. A) explicit B) implicit C) uncontrollable D) egalitarian E) angry

b

Attitudes formed on the basis of direct personal experience with the object are generally ________. A) more likely to have a weak effect on behavior B) more likely to have a strong effect on behavior C) less likely to have a strong effect on behavior D) unlikely to have a permanent effect on behavior E) less likely to have any effect on behavior

b

Changing the comparison group when judging members of different groups is known as ________. A) benevolent sexism B) shifting standards C) between-group comparison D) social creativity E) within-group comparison

b

A practical implication of research on cultural differences in conformity is that there tends to be ________. A) no difference between individualistic and collectivistic cultures B) unpredictable differences between individualistic and collectivistic cultures C) more conformity in countries with collectivistic cultures D) more conformity in countries with individualistic cultures E) less conformity in countries with collectivistic cultures

c

Assume you have a negative stereotype of fraternity/sorority members as "stuck-up." Given an IAT with photos labeled "fraternity member" or "independent, " and paired with the word "bad" or "good," your responses to the "fraternity member"/"bad" combination would likely be ________ than to "independent"/"bad" combinations. A) slower B) more forced C) quicker D) more mixed E) more fake

c

Joe, a middle manager at a small company, strongly identifies with the higher-ups at his job. Regarding various political statements by them, it is safe to say that Joe ________. A) recently agreed with them on a political matter B) expects to agree with them on a political matter C) did not agree with them on a political matter D) Both A and B E) Both B and C

d

Kim is an American but spent much of her childhood in Japan. She is fluent in both English and Japanese. We might reasonably expect her response to the question "Who am I?" to differ depending on the language (Japanese or English) of the question because ________. A) Japan has become increasingly Westernized over the past 50 years B) her experiences may have led to identity confusion C) the English language places a strong emphasis on individual self-identification D) a particular language might activate different self-concepts for bilingual people E) Japanese has no pronoun for "I"

d

Providing members of a group with less favorable treatment because of their group membership is known as ________. A) stereotyping B) bias C) prejudice D) discrimination E) tokenism

d

Social psychologists seek to find basic principles that will explain social behavior; however, both _____differences and _____ social world make this challenging. A) cultural; religious B) biological; a rapidly changing C) intrapersonal; a conforming D) cultural; a rapidly changing E) rapidly changing; an evolution-based

d

We are MOST likely to believe that the behaviors of others are suggestive of their ________ when it is seen to ________. A) stable traits; be socially desirable B) external influence; have occurred in the presence of others C) socially undesirable traits; have occurred without choice D) stable traits; be socially undesirable E) socially desirable personality; have occurred outside the presence of others

d

Advantaged groups show the most prejudice toward out-groups when the ________. A) disadvantaged group acts to minimize the impact of prejudice B) disadvantaged group's image or interests are threatened C) disadvantaged group has developed strong leaders D) advantaged group's leadership is threatened E) advantaged group's image or interests are threatened

e

Certain facial expressions are recognized as representing ________ underlying emotions in ________ different cultures. A) the same basic; many B) different; many C) overlapping/ambiguous; many D) the same basic; less than 5 E) 15; Western cultures

a

Schemas affect our use of stored memories by ________. A) making it easier to retrieve information that is consistent with the schema B) increasing the cognitive load on our reasoning abilities, making it more difficult to search our memories C) deactivating the anchoring and adjustment process whereby we make social judgments D) not allowing the use of memories to reduce cognitive load E) making the schema itself weaker and less useful in accessing such memories

a

Suppose a company asked its workers "Now that you have received a raise, how satisfied are you with your job?" and found out that 87% indicated they were "very satisfied" or "satisfied." A major concern of this study would likely be ________. A) the way the question was asked B) the way the participants were selected C) the way the jobs were described D) the amount of the raise E) the way the results were tabulated

a

Suppose that we might expect to receive prejudice or disapproval for some aspect of ourselves. We may "play down" or subvert that aspect to the extent that ________. A) we can hide it, and we are willing to hide it B) we are willing to assert its importance to our identity C) acceptance from close others makes it unnecessary to hide it D) we cannot change that aspect E) over time, others around us adopt that aspect for themselves

a

________ is the area of psychology that studies the interplay between brain events and thought, emotion and behavior. A) Social neuroscience B) Social phrenology C) Nuclear resonance imaging D) Event related potentials E) PET scans

a

Jessica has worked her way up in her organization and is now a mid-level manager. She has treated her subordinates the same way her male counterparts treat theirs. Recently, Jessica has been passed over for several promotions. The jobs went to male coworkers who were possibly not quite as well qualified as Jessica. This situation probably represents ________. A) shifting standards B) the glass ceiling effect C) benevolent racism D) gender stereotypes E) tokenism

b

Lisa admired the dress that Shelly was wearing and told Shelly that she looked absolutely stunning in that dress. Shelly felt very positive feelings toward Lisa after that compliment and tended to like her in other circumstances. Lisa had ________ effect on the attraction Shelly felt for her. A) an associated B) a direct C) a correlational D) an indirect E) an intentional

b

The term "cognitive load" refers to ________. A) the strength displayed by a schema in activating memories B) the amount of mental effort we are expending at a given time C) the relatively rational and orderly process used in making social cognitions D) the number of heuristics we are using at a given time E) the automatic processing involved with the use of schemas

b

The type of social influence in which individuals change either their attitudes or behavior to adhere to existing social norms is known as ________. A) obedience B) conformity C) ingratiation D) cohesiveness E) compliance

b

Mark was eating a wonderful dinner one evening when Jeannine came into the restaurant and sat down next to him while he was finishing this dinner. Later, Mark found that he was attracted to Jeannine. This situation illustrates the operation of a(n) ________ effect on attraction. A) mediated variable's B) an unintentional C) associated D) direct E) correlational

c

Injunctive norms ________. A) are unspoken, implicit standards for behavior B) encourage the adoption of certain attitudes but not others C) specify the approval of behavior in particular situation D) determine the ways in which we interact with other people E) specify what most people do in a particular situation

c

Juan feels unsure about the correctness of his attitude about a new rule at his job. He may feel more correct in his attitude if ________. A) he simply lets management do its job B) he thinks more generally about the costs and benefits of his job C) he finds out that most of his coworkers share his attitude D) a management person helps him see the wisdom of the new rule E) co-workers confront him regarding his attitude

c

People tend to prefer situations that allow them to ________. A) confront behaviors that are inconsistent with their attitudes B) carefully consider all alternatives C) maintain a match between their attitudes and behavior D) display discrepancies between their attitudes and behavior E) confront issues inconsistent with their attitudes

c

People who share similar attitudes and beliefs are ________ to like each other. A) less likely B) unlikely C) more likely D) neither more nor less likely E) either more or less likely, depending on other factors

c

Regarding women as mere bodies that exist for the pleasure of others is referred to as ____. A) glass cliff effect B) glass skirt effect C) objectification of females D) subjective exposure of females E) mere exposure effect

c

Research indicates that if we think about our future possible selves we can be inspired to A) be nicer to those around us. B) find our immediate rewards more enjoyable and live in the moment. C) forego current activities that do not help us to achieve an improved future self. D) forget about our past mistakes. E) inflate our future aspirations until they become unachievable.

c

Scott and Elizabeth grew up in the same small town. They attended the same school and went to the same college, where they took many of the same classes. At first, they were not particularly interested in each other romantically, but over time, they became increasingly attracted to each other and eventually married. This is best explained by the ________. A) similarity-dissimilarity effect B) proportion of similarity C) repeated exposure effect D) affect-centered model of attraction E) attitude similarity effect

c

Suppose you are telling your friend about a woman you just met. You tell your friend that this person seemed very compassionate and was interested in helping others; however, you couldn't recall whether she said she was a nurse or a businesswoman. On the basis of the ________ heuristic, your friend would probably think that she is a ________. A) availability; nurse B) availability; businesswoman C) representativeness; nurse D) representativeness; businesswoman E) priming; businesswoman

c

The process by which individuals seek to understand why others behave as they do is known as ________. A) causal misdirection B) impression management C) attribution D) social precision E) nonverbal communication

c

The observation of behavior as it occurs in natural settings is known as ________. A) correlational observation B) social observation C) quasi-experimental observation D) naturalistic observation E) systematic observation

d

When I consider the extent to which this person reacts in the same way to this same stimulus on other occasions, I am basing my attribution on ________. A) consensus B) distinctiveness C) correspondent inference D) consistency E) causal analysis

d

________ often refers to the practice of hiring one, or a small number, of individuals from a particular group, in order to demonstrate that no discrimination is being directed toward that group. A) Reverse discrimination B) Shifting standards C) Hostile sexism D) Tokenism E) Benevolent sexism

d

Alexander has a relatively high need for affiliation. As such, he would likely ________. A) show less emotional involvement in a relationship B) not express a desire to marry right after college C) avoid people with undesirable physical characteristics D) prefer to spend as much time alone as possible E) avoid making negative comments to fellow workers

e

All of the following describe characteristics of a microexpression EXCEPT they ________. A) are fleeting facial expressions lasting a few tenths of a second B) appear on the face very quickly after an emotion-provoking event C) are generally difficult to control D) are difficult to suppress E) usually do not reveal a person's true feelings

e

Chris describes himself as liberal when thinking of himself as an American, but conservative when compared to other college students. These are ________ comparisons. A) intragroup B) intergroup C) shifting standards D) individualistic E) political

a

High-status groups such as men are frequently stereotyped as ________ and ________. A) low in warmth; high in competence B) high in emotionality; low in accomplishment C) low in self-confidence; high in leadership D) high in friendliness; low in nonconformity E) low in emotional stability; low in aggressiveness

a

Sally comes to class, avidly looking forward to her professor's lecture on social psychology. Her professor (we will call him Dr. DiBello) is wearing a Philadelphia Eagles jersey. Sally will most likely ________. A) encode this as memorable information that is inconsistent with her professor schema B) remind herself that this is, after all, a social psychology lecture C) revise her professor schema D) revise her professor schema E) be amazed due to mood-congruent recall

a

The extent to which a person's reaction to a particular event differs from their reaction to similar other events is an indication of ________. A) distinctiveness B) self-concealment C) consensus D) self-serving bias E) noncommon effects

a

The glass cliff experienced by women who break through the glass ceiling refers to ____. A) women being selected for leadership positions that are risky, precarious or when the outcome is more likely to result in failure. B) women being selected for a leadership position, negatively evaluated, and fired. C) men sexually harassing women who have more power than they do. D) women serving as figureheads while men continue to make all of the important decisions. E) women being selected for a leadership position only after a company has had a large financial success.

a

Gender stereotypes include ________. A) only positive traits of women and men B) positive and negative traits of men and women C) only negative traits of women and men D) both positive and negative traits of men only E) both positive and negative traits of women only

b

The principle of proximity suggests that the ________. A) distance between individuals determines which of their physical characteristics are most likely to be noticed B) distance between individuals indicates whether one individual is attracted to another C) physical closeness between individuals helps determine the probability that repeated contact will be experienced D) distance between individuals determines who can interact with whom E) physical closeness between individuals is an indication of mutual attraction

c

The process whereby we seek to know and understand others is called ________, and frequently makes use of ________. A) social awareness; not really caring about people B) social attribution; impression management C) social perception; nonverbal communication D) social consistency; correspondence bias E) social discovery; verbal communication

c

When making judgments that involve factual information, we tend to rely on ________. A) the ease with which we can recall relevant information B) the representativeness heuristic C) the amount of relevant information we can recall D) automatic processing of factual information E) our intuitive feelings on the topic

c

Repeated exposure can lead to negative views of the stimulus if ________. A) propinquity effects are not present B) the repeated exposure occurs without conscious awareness C) the repeated exposure occurs randomly D) the need for affiliation is low E) the stimulus originally evokes negative emotions

e

An increased availability of information due to exposure to specific stimuli is known as ________. A) memory enhancement B) the representativeness heuristic C) anchoring D) cognitive framing E) priming

e

Retrieval of information from memory is involved in social thought. When tested to see what information is more readily available from memory, individuals are more likely to respond with ________. A) schema-incongruent B) schema-congruent C) memory-impoverished D) a description of the schema itself E) depending on the situation, either schema-incongruent or schema-congruent

e

The frequency with which a given event or pattern occurs in the population is its ________. A) recency effect B) frequency ratio C) representativeness D) numeracy E) base rate

e

We tend to adjust our attributions to take account for situational constraints on our own behavior ________. A) not at all - we don't adjust our attributions. B) to a lesser extent than we take account of situational constraints on others' behavior C) to about the same extent as we take account of situational constraints on others' behavior D) sometimes more and sometimes less than we take account of situational constraints on others' behavior E) to a greater extent than we take account of situational constraints on others' behavior

e

The usually negative affect (feelings) that people have about particular social groups is known as ________. A) stereotype B) minimal groups C) incidental feelings D) discrimination E) prejudice

e

In meeting a new roommate, David stresses his studious qualities, an aspect of himself he wishes others to agree with, while being willing to underplay other potentially important aspects of himself. David is practicing a ________ approach in presenting himself to others. A) self-verification B) ingratiation C) self-enhancement D) self-denial E) neurotic

a

National surveys, in asking about how much progress there has been in moving toward racial equality, consistently find that White respondents perceive that ________. A) there has been a lot of progress B) there's been little if any progress C) Black Americans are too demanding D) Blacks are being catered to because they comprise a potent political force E) there has been good economic progress for Blacks, but little real social equality

a

One evening, after seeing a(n) ________ at the Cineplex, you are on your way home. You drive into a store parking lot, where another driver grabs a parking place you had spotted and were waiting for. You perceive the behavior as very ________. A) violent movie; aggressive B) comedy; aggressive C) drama; meaningless D) violent movie; funny E) comedy; moving

a

Our tendency to believe that our own behavior reflects external causes and that other people's behavior reflects internal causes is known as ________. A) the actor-observer effect B) explicit theory formation C) the fundamental attribution error D) implicit theory formation E) the correspondence bias

a

People tend to become more irritable and aggressive when the weather is hot and humid. This fact is an example of the effects of ________ on social behavior. A) environmental variables B) biological processes C) cognitive processes D) cultural context E) interpersonal variables

a

The degree of security an individual feels in interpersonal relationships is referred to as her or his ________. A) attachment style B) mother-infant bonding C) basic attitudes toward interactions D) introjected caregiver information E) level of misanthropy

a

If you would like for your student government to pass a bill putting more lights along major walkways, how could you use ease of retrieval to persuade them? A) Ask them to generate 10 instances in which the lack of lighting led to student harm. B) Ask them to think of 2 instances in which the lack of lighting made them or someone they know feel fearful while walking on campus after dark. C) Ask them to come up with 3 good reasons not to fund the project. D) Have them generate 6 newspaper stories in which students were harmed on campus at night. E) Give them one instance in which someone was afraid walking home at night, but include many details.

b

When we think of ourselves as members of specific social groups, we are thinking of our ________. A) sexual self-schema B) social-personal self C) personal self D) cultural self identity E) social identity

e

The type of social influence that occurs when one person orders another to perform some action and the other person then complies is known as ________. A) compliance B) individuation C) conformity D) ingratiation E) obedience

e

Heuristics exert a strong influence on our thinking in large measure because ________. A) they rely on our internal personal biases and unknown prejudices B) they are effortful processes that require an expenditure of mental energy C) they activate critical brain structures such as the amygdala D) they allow us to process more information than would otherwise be considered E) they reduce the mental effort needed to make judgments and decisions

e

Zosha and three of her friends have just watched a new movie. As they walk out of the movie, Zosha's friends are talking about how much they enjoyed the movie and how good the actor's portrayal was. If one of her friends then asks Zosha how she liked the movie, she is likely to ________. A) say that she liked the acting but not the movie B) say that she liked the movie but not the acting C) say that the movie and the acting were terrible D) attempt to change the subject E) say that she also enjoyed the movie

e

________ are rules that indicate how people are expected to behave in particular situations. A) Individuations B) Social pressures C) Normative foci D) Social validations E) Social norms

e

In one study, when White participants were asked about perceptions of race relations at a university, progress was framed as either "minority gain" or "decrease in White students." White participants perceived the ________ as larger than the ________. A) decrease; gain B) gain; decrease C) minority gain; minority loss D) White student gain; estimated decrease given E) Change in both conditions was perceived as equal by participants.

a

Jacob is a summer camp counselor director who has decided to group his campers into one of three groups; each of these groups will be situated in separate areas of the campground. What is the MOST likely outcome due to this situational context? A) The campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and may grow to hold very negative views of the other groups. B) The campers will be equally likely to have friends in all three groups. C) The campers will become bored with their own group and, consequently, will seek out friends in the other two groups. D) The campers will be inclined to develop friendships with their own group only if the camp counselor director encourages them to do so. E) The campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and will develop close friendships with members of the other groups.

a

Whistle-blowers generally "blow the whistle" on corporate misbehavior because of what three attributes? A) Their attitude is strong and vengeful, and their holder wants to go public with it. B) Their attitude is extreme, certain, and derives from personal experience. C) Most whistle-blowing incidents stem from personal disagreements between management and the whistle-blower. D) Their attitude is extreme and long-held, and combined with a fearless personality. E) Their attitude is risk-seeking, dynamic, and ruthless.

b

Based on his estimate of how long it would take him to complete his mid-term essay, Armando told his instructor he would turn in the paper on Tuesday, but was late turning it in, causing his instructor to deduct a letter grade from the paper. Next time Armando makes such a promise based on a plan, he will likely ________. A) remember the negative consequence he experienced and turn the paper in on time B) more carefully examine how to go about doing the paper on time C) base his estimate on an outline of the paper D) make arrangements to work away from his noisy roommates E) make the same planning error and be late again

e

Introspection is an effective means of understanding ourselves when the ________. A) individual is attempting to understand why other people do certain things B) focus is on unconscious affective factors C) individual displays an introverted personality configuration D) individual is attempting to predict another person's future feelings about something E) focus is on a conscious decision-making process

e

Of the following famous sayings, the one that MOST accurately describes the similarity-attraction relationship is ________. A) a penny saved is a penny earned B) too many cooks spoil the broth C) a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush D) opposites attract E) birds of a feather flock together

e

One reason that social scientists put their faith in the scientific method is that the scientific method ________. A) produces incontrovertible proof of the accuracy of their theories B) assures acceptance of their conclusions by the general public C) substantiates the status quo D) allows scientists to rely on their own intuition E) produces more conclusive evidence than other methods

e

One strategy that White people use to avoid appearing racist is to attempt to be color-blind. When participants were asked to describe a person to a partner as part of a game in a lab setting, White participants were _____ to use race descriptors when their partners were ____. A) more likely; black B) less likely; white C) less likely: black D) more likely; white E) both C and D.

e

People's personal identities, and their various social identities, require them to be different people in different contexts. This results in________. A) people having false selves depending on the context B) people often having a distorted view of who they "really are" C) people often operating from a less-than-principled position D) others defining too much of who we are E) a potentially variable but coherent self-definition

e

Suppose we are trying to discern whether an individual is lying based on his or her verbal and nonverbal information and cues. Which of the following statements BEST describes how well we will be able to judge whether this individual is lying? A) We are able to pay equal attention to the individual's verbal and nonverbal information and cues. B) It is very unlikely that we could judge whether the individual is lying based on either verbal or nonverbal information or cues. C) We cannot attend to both verbal and nonverbal cues at the same time without experiencing cognitive overload. D) We are more likely to pay attention to his or her nonverbal cues and, thus, determine if he or she is lying. E) We will probably pay more attention to her or his verbal cues and, in doing so, will have difficulty determining any deception.

e