Psych test 3

Shelly gets a medication prescription when she goes for psychotherapy. Which staff member at the clinic would have written the prescription for her medication?

A psychiatrist

Jabar, a 25-year -old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the psychiatric hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from

schizophrenia

The ________ explores how people's assumptions and expectations influence their perceptions

social-cognitive perspective

Men are generally ________ vulnerable than women to disorders involving internal states such as anxiety or depression. Men are generally ________ vulnerable than women to disorders involving external behaviors such as alcohol use disorder or antisocial conduct

less, more

The set of people perceived as dif ferent from "us" is called a(n)

outgroup

Which type of therapy would be best suited for the parents of a rebellious child?

Family therapy

Which of the following is NOT a trouble signal that warrants seeking the help of a mental health professional?

Feelings of worthiness

Robert arrives to class and sees everyone else has left their coats on. Thinking that perhaps he has forgotten about a trip or other event, Robert decides to leave his coat on as he gets seated. This is an example of__________

conformity

lla works hard to save for an iPhone because she doesn't have one yet, but all her friends have them. Ila's behavior is an example of__________

conformity

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding aggression?

High testosterone is linked to aggression.

Which disorder is characterized by significant episodes of overeating, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt (without compensatory purging or fasting)?

Binge-eating disorder

Which type of therapy involves changing self-defeating thinking and the way people act?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

What is the behavioral effect of social loafing?

Decreased effort

______is unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members.

Discrimination

Women's risk of major depressive disorder is roughly______ mens

Double

Which type of treatment uses techniques from various forms of therapy?

Eclectic approach

Which technique may be used with an individual who suffers from severe depression, when drug therapies don't work?

Electroconvulsive therapy

_________is the study of environmental influences on gene expression that OCcur without a DNA change.

Epigenetics

Which of the following statements about effectiveness of therapy is TRUE?

Individuals who receive therapy improve more quickly with less risk of relapse than those who do not.

Sheena's performance at the school concert is better than her usual performance. Sheena's enhanced performance in the presence of others is known as_________

SOcial facilitation

________are culturally provided mental files for how to act in certain situations.

Social scripts

Which psychologist conducted the famous and controversial experiments on obedience?

Stanley Milgram

Niki has jumbled ideas that make no sense even within sentences. What is such expression known as?

Word salad

Traumatic fear-learning experiences can leave tracks in the brain, creating fear circuits within the_______

amygdala

Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of

an anxiety disorder

We are more likely to NOT conform when we

are in a group with at least five people

A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that the labels often

bias our perceptions of the labeled person

All of the following are protective factors for mental disorders EXCEPT_______

chronic pain

Empathic understanding of the patient's subjective experiences is a major goal of

client-centered therapy

Mr. Randell refuses to rent any of his properties to Black families. Mr . Randell's behavior illustrates

discrimination

Schizophrenia is most likely to be characterized by

disorganized thinking and disturbed perceptions

Psychopharmacology involves the study of how

drugs affect mind and behavior

The bystander ef fect refers to the tendency for an observer of an emer gency to withhold aid if the

emergency is being observed by a number of other people

The mere exposure ef fect refers to the fact that people

experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar

A person with major depressive disorder is most likely to experience

feelings of personal worthlessness

Epigenetic's is defined as the

study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change.

The odds of helping are highest when______

we are feeling guilty

Monika is very sensitive to what others think of her and sometimes hesitates to create new relationships because of a fear of rejection, though she desires friendship. Which personality disorder might she have?

Avoidant personality disorder

Mandy maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight, and she exercises excessively. Which disorder might she have?

Anorexia nervosa

__________is characterized by a lack of conscience for wrongdoing and may involve aggressive and ruthless acts.

Antisocial personality disorder

_______theory explains someone's behaviors by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition.

Attribution

Andy is in therapy to get over alcoholism. Which type of therapy is Andy receiving if the therapist pairs a nauseating stimulus with alcohol?

Aversive conditioning

The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to

comply with a lar ge request if one has previously complied with a small request

As a therapist, Isla molds her CBT approach to fit with each patient's unique situation. She also stays up to date on the latest published evaluation of therapeutic techniques to ensure she uses the most effective options. Which therapeutic technique does Isla use?

Evidence-based practice

Washing one's hands 100 times a day would be an example of (a/an)________

compulsion

Which of the following is NOT a technique used in client-centered therapy?

Interpretation

Attribution theory was designed to account for

how people explain others' behavior

Which of the following statements about psychological disorders is TRUE?

One in four Americans suffers from a mental disorder in a given year.

Marcus has unpredictable episodes of anxiety during which he can't breathe and feels like he's having a heart attack. Though these feelings are temporary, they fill him with dread and worry. Which disorder might Marcus have?

Panic Disorder

Annie was mugged on a lonely street; she has recurring haunting memories and nightmares of the incident. Which disorder does she have?

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Which of the following is a newer, promising treatment that helps improve mood by energizing the left frontal lobe?

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Antianxiety drugs are most likely to be used in combination with exposure therapy to treat

posttraumatic stress disorder

Sophia has a phobia of spiders. Through therapy she is taught to relax while looking at a picture of a spider, then being in the same room with a spider, then handling a spider. Which type of therapy is Sophia receiving?

Systematic desensitization

A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in a person's thoughts, emotion regulation, or behaviors is most clearly an indication of

a psychological disorder

Neela is receiving a therapy that focuses on restoring a healthy way of life so as to reduce stress (such as through exercise and sleep). What Which of therapy is Neela in?

Therapeutic lifestyle change

Alcoholics Anonymous is an example of_________

a self-help group

On which day of the week do 25 percent of U.S. suicides occur?

Wednesday

Which of the following is an antianxiety drug?

Xanax

Anorexia nervosa is typically characterized by

a fear of being fat

Naobi knows that she shouldn't smoke and that it's unhealthy. When her friends peer pressure her into trying a cigarette, she gives in but feels guilty. Later she rationalizes her behavior by stating it wasn't that bad. This is an example of (the)_______

cognitive dissonance

The discomfort we feel when our thoughts and behaviors are inconsistent is called

cognitive dissonance

The tension we experience when we become aware that our attitudes and actions don't coincide is known as

cognitive dissonance

The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request is called (the)

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Dopamine overactivity appears to be most clearly related to

hallucinations

Biomedical therapists assume that the mind and body are a unit. This means that

if you af fect one you af fect the other

Marsha, a recruiter from Jamaica, works for a recruitment company in the United States. She favors other Jamaicans who apply for jobs by hiring them instead of individuals who are non-Jamaican. Marsha's behavior can be described as________

ingroup bias

A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously poor judgment is common is called________

mania

Which of the following hormones does NOT facilitate feelings of passion?

oxytocin

Which of the following disorders is characterized by sudden and unpredictable episodes of distress?

panic disorder

Behavioral conditioning therapies have achieved especially favorable results in the treatment of

phobias